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During interstadials, summer sea surface temperatures (SST<jats:sub>su<\/jats:sub>) in the Irminger Sea averaged to 8\u00b0C, and sea surface salinities (SSS) averaged to \u223c36.5, recording a strong Irminger Current and Atlantic THC. During stadials, SST<jats:sub>su<\/jats:sub> dropped to 2\u00b0\u20134\u00b0C, in phase with SSS drops by \u223c1\u20132. They reveal major meltwater injections along with the East Greenland Current, which turned off the North Atlantic deepwater convection and hence the heat advection to the north, in harmony with various ocean circulation and ice models. On the basis of the IRD composition, icebergs came from Iceland, east Greenland, and perhaps Svalbard and other northern ice sheets. However, the southward drifting icebergs were initially jammed in the Denmark Strait, reaching the Irminger Sea only with a lag of 155\u2013195 years. We also conclude that the abrupt stadial terminations, the D\u2010O warming events, were tied to iceberg melt via abundant seasonal sea ice and brine water formation in the meltwater\u2010covered northwestern North Atlantic. In the 1\/1460\u2010year frequency band, benthic \u03b4<jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>O brine water spikes led the temperature maxima above Greenland and in the Irminger Sea by as little as 95 years. Thus abundant brine formation, which was induced by seasonal freezing of large parts of the northwestern Atlantic, may have finally entrained a current of warm surface water from the subtropics and thereby triggered the sudden reactivation of the THC. In summary, the internal dynamics of the east Greenland ice sheet may have formed the ultimate pacemaker of D\u2010O cycles.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1029\/1999pa000464","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,2,4]],"date-time":"2004-02-04T23:56:08Z","timestamp":1075938968000},"page":"425-442","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":292,"title":["Potential links between surging ice sheets, circulation changes, and the Dansgaard\u2010Oeschger Cycles in the Irminger Sea, 60\u201318 Kyr"],"prefix":"10.1029","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"van Kreveld","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M.","family":"Sarnthein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"H.","family":"Erlenkeuser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"P.","family":"Grootes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"S.","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M. 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