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We also present an improved (larger time span and denser coverage) compilation of Global Navigation Satellite System velocities, which we use to compute the strain rate field of Iberia. We take advantage of recent neotectonic modeling developed for Iberia and northwest Africa to study the isolated dynamic contribution of GPE\u2010related stresses. We present two models\u2014one including only the stress generated by GPE and another reproducing the net stress field\u2014and compare their predictions with the most up\u2010to\u2010date compilations of stress indicators, hypocenter clusters, and geodetic strain rates. The main effect of GPE is to induce second\u2010order spatial variations in the stress field. GPE appears to play an important role in high\u2010topography regions, where it explains deviatoric stress patterns mainly associated with extensional regimes. In north Iberia, especially in the Pyrenees and Cantabria, GPE causes an extensional regime over the highest peaks. In the Iberian Chain and eastern Betics, GPE is in agreement with the observed extensional deformation. Normal focal mechanisms of shallow earthquake clusters appear to be related with GPE maxima and GPE\u2010induced extensional regimes. Wavelength analysis suggests that both GPE and the long\u2010wavelength topography of intraplate Iberia record the plate boundary forces that acted in Iberia during the Alpine orogeny at Eocene to lower Miocene times.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1029\/2017jb015002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,18]],"date-time":"2018-10-18T04:45:12Z","timestamp":1539837912000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Gravitational Potential Energy in Iberia: A Driver of Active Deformation in High\u2010Topography Regions"],"prefix":"10.1029","volume":"123","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3939-4636","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Neres","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Dom Luiz, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias Universidade de Lisboa  Lisbon Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto Portugu\u00eas do Mar e da Atmosfera  Lisbon Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5726-3467","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. 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