{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,10]],"date-time":"2026-11-10T15:27:36Z","timestamp":1794324456213,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"American Geophysical Union (AGU)","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,10]],"date-time":"2026-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1794268800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,10]],"date-time":"2026-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1794268800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020595","name":"National Science and Technology Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NSTC\u2010115\u20102111\u2010M\u2010006\u2010001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC\u2010115\u20102111\u2010M\u2010006\u2010001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020595","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020595","name":"National Science and Technology Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NSTC\u2010115\u20102119\u2010M\u2010006\u2010004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC\u2010115\u20102119\u2010M\u2010006\u2010004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020595","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Geophysical Research Letters"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The total electron content observations during the Artemis\u2010II Lunar mission revealed rare ionospheric perturbations occurring at three different occasions. The launch at 2235 UT on 1 April 2026 from Kennedy Space Center induced shock\u2010acoustic and gravity wave modulations. Subsequent Apogee Raise Maneuver (ARM) performed at 0023 UT on 2 April triggered shock waves and much intense large\u2010scale disturbances that elongated \u223c50\u00b0 longitude across North America. The third orbital maneuver conducted as part of trans\u2010Lunar injection (TLI) at 2349 UT on 2 April, yielded similar, but weaker large\u2010scale perturbations. This is the first time a single space mission producing such multiple ionospheric disturbances over the same region. The observed amplitudes suggest that despite releasing large exhaust energy, the disturbances during the rocket ascent produced weaker perturbations, whereas fewer amounts of direct energy deposition at ionosphere altitudes during ARM and TLI yielded up to 9 times intense perturbations elongated along the trajectory.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1029\/2026gl125803","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,10]],"date-time":"2026-11-10T14:50:41Z","timestamp":1794322241000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Rare Multiple Ionospheric Disturbances Observed During the Artemis\u2010II Lunar Flyby Voyage"],"prefix":"10.1029","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6272-3445","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jong\u2010Min","family":"Choi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth Sciences National Cheng Kung University  Tainan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8955-8753","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charles C.\u00a0H.","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth Sciences National Cheng Kung University  Tainan Taiwan"},{"name":"Han\u2010Min Hsia Space Science and Technology Center National Cheng Kung University  Tainan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7172-9569","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Min\u2010Yang","family":"Chou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Community Coordinated Modeling Center  Greenbelt MD USA"},{"name":"Physics Department Catholic University of America  Washington DC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0859-7345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"P. 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