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This paper presents a comprehensive data set encompassing observations from ground\u2010level neutron monitors across the United Kingdom (UK), radiation monitors on radiosonde flights from the UK and the Netherlands, and radiation monitors onboard transatlantic flights from London\u2010Heathrow to New York. The ground level observations reveal a strong anisotropy in the event intensity and time profile across the UK, where a strong peak was observed in the north at the beginning of the event, and a second weaker peak was observed in the south approximately 1\u00a0hr later. Data from radiosondes launched from the northern extremity of the UK show that the threshold for an International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) moderate radiation threshold was exceeded at business jet\u00a0altitudes several hours after the event peak, and at supersonic altitudes the severe threshold was exceeded by a factor of two. Other radiosonde flights from the south of the UK and the Netherlands did not show a significant increase in radiation levels. One Heathrow\u2010New York (JFK) flight, departing at 11:45 UTC, experienced a 42.6\u2009% increase in total ambient dose equivalent exposure, compared to typical background conditions, but did not observe any ICAO thresholds being exceeded. The second flight, (Heathrow\u2010Newark) departing at 17:45 UTC did not observe any significant increase in radiation exposure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1029\/2026sw005279","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T13:00:41Z","timestamp":1792501241000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Observations of Atmospheric Radiation Increases During GLE 77 From New Airborne and Ground Level Instruments"],"prefix":"10.1029","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8437-7440","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F.","family":"Baird","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Surrey  Guildford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8938-6645","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"B.","family":"Clewer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Surrey  Guildford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1963-6696","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"K.","family":"Ryden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Surrey  Guildford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4685-2965","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"P.","family":"Morris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Surrey  Guildford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4365-988X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F.","family":"Lei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Surrey  Guildford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8096-1383","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C.","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Surrey  Guildford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3778-9821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C.","family":"Dyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Surrey  Guildford UK"},{"name":"CSDRadConsultancy  Fleet UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7697-5889","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Aspinall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Lancaster  Lancaster UK"},{"name":"Aspinall Instruments  Lancaster UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Marlton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UK Met Office  Exeter UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1414-4326","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F.\u2010X.","family":"Bocquet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UK Met Office  Exeter UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-1947-515X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D.","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UK Met Office  Exeter UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Finn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UK Met Office  Exeter UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8055-0915","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Gibbs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UK Met Office  Exeter UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6960-8204","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S.","family":"Machin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UK Met Office  Exeter UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2765-0874","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Marsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UK Met Office  Exeter UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3614-5386","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"K.","family":"Hammond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UK Met Office  Exeter UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"van Dam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut (KNMI)  De Bilt The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Nedeljkovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut (KNMI)  De Bilt The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"13","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","unstructured":"Airbus. 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