{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T16:38:29Z","timestamp":1758818309010},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"s64","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,1,2]],"date-time":"2002-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1009929600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":397,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Urticaria is a common disorder that adversely affects quality of life; work\u2010related and recreational activities are restricted, while rest, sleep, and emotions are seriously disturbed in a significant proportion of patients. The pathogenic mechanisms vary, but cutaneous mast\u2010cell activation with release of histamine and other vasoactive or proinflammatory mediators is thought to be the final common pathway for lesion induction in most cases. A subsequent, but incompletely understood, late\u2010phase allergic reaction seems to prolong the inflammatory process, particularly in certain chronic forms of the disorder. Although histamine is considered an important mediator of urticaria, additional substances, including the cysteinyl leukotrienes (LTs), are putative mediators of the immediate urticarial responses and the inflammatory events that follow in some types of urticaria. A second\u2010generation antihistamine, mizolastine, which exhibits dual activity with selective H<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u2010receptor antagonism and, as shown in animal studies, anti\u20105\u2010lipoxygenase activity, represents an advance in the treatment of urticaria. It has rapid, potent and sustained action. At the recommended 10\u2010mg dose, mizolastine suppresses the histamine\u2010induced wheal reaction as early as 1\u2003h after oral administration. Compared to placebo, mizolastine significantly reduces overall patient discomfort and pruritus in patients with chronic idiopathic urticaria. Double\u2010blind, placebo\u2010controlled studies have also shown mizolastine to be at least as effective as other second\u2010generation antihistamines. Furthermore, with long\u2010term use of mizolastine over 1 year, a reduction in pruritus and the number of urticarial episodes was maintained with no evidence of tachyphylaxis or tolerance. Mizolastine has also been shown to be an effective treatment for cold\u2010induced urticaria, causing significant delay in the whealing response to the ice\u2010cube test and also reducing the wheal diameter.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1398-9995.2000.00804.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,11]],"date-time":"2003-03-11T01:44:31Z","timestamp":1047347071000},"page":"28-33","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Clinical advantages of dual activity in urticaria"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"K.","family":"Kontou\u2010Fili","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,1,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-6749(83)90042-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2222.1999.00006.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1969.tb16041.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_2","first-page":"110","volume-title":"Allergy: principles and practice","author":"Kaplan AP","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_2","unstructured":"HowarthP.Insight into the allergic mechanism: more than a histamine\u2010related process. 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