{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T06:27:21Z","timestamp":1791095241917,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,6]],"date-time":"2003-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1044489600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":36,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold> The house dust mite <jats:italic>Blomia tropicalis<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>B.\u2003tropicalis<\/jats:italic>) was found to be the most prevalent domestic mite in Singapore. However, its pathogenicity in allergic airway diseases remains to be investigated.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> Twenty adults with persistent allergic rhinitis (PAR) were studied. Five had a history of asthma, and all were asymptomatic except one who was under treatment with low\u2010dose inhaled corticosteroid. Nasal challenge was carried out by nasal spray with phosphate\u2010buffered saline (PBS) and with increasing concentrations of crude <jats:italic>B.\u2003tropicalis<\/jats:italic> extracts (0.6, 6.0 and 60\u2003\u00b5g\/ml) at 15\u2003min intervals. Subjective symptom scores and absolute number of sneezes were recorded together with objective measurements of spirometry (forced expiratory volume in 1\u2003s, FEV<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>) and acoustic rhinomanometry (volume of the nasal cavity). These were performed at baseline, 5\u2003min after each incremental challenge, and 30\u2003min, 1\u2003h, 3\u2003h, 5\u2003h and 7 h after the last challenge. Meanwhile, concentrations of mediators in nasal secretions (tryptase, leukotriene C<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> (LTC<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>) and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP)) were measured in nasal aspirate samples at similar time intervals. An identical (control) challenge procedure with PBS alone was repeated in seven patients after a washout period of at least 2\u2003weeks.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> Significant increases in the subjective and objective nasal symptoms, together with a significant increase of tryptase and LTC<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> concentrations in nasal secretion, were found 5\u2003min after each challenge with <jats:italic>B.\u2003tropicalis,<\/jats:italic> but not with PBS. There was no definitive pattern of the late\u2010phase nasal response in either subjective symptoms or objective measurements. Three patients (3\/5) with a history of asthma showed a fall in FEV<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> readings (33%, 22% and 11% from baseline, respectively) at 7 h post challenge with concomitant mild wheezing in the night.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold> Our study demonstrates direct evidence of allergic nasal response to <jats:italic>B.\u2003tropicalis<\/jats:italic> in sensitized adults. It shows that nasal provocation may also provoke concomitant asthmatic symptoms during the late\u2010phase reaction, especially in people with a history of asthma.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1398-9995.2003.23746.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,11]],"date-time":"2003-03-11T01:51:05Z","timestamp":1047347465000},"page":"78-82","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["The upper and lower airway responses to nasal challenge with house\u2010dust mite <i>Blomia tropicalis<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"D. Y.","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. Y. T.","family":"Goh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. K. L.","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F. T.","family":"Chew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. H.","family":"Yeoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B. W.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_17_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2001.118891"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.1997.tb01227.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1398-9995.1999.00050.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2001.00002.x-i1"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_6_2","first-page":"189","article-title":"Culture of Blomia tropicalis and IgE immunoblot characterisation of its allergens","volume":"17","author":"Yi FC","year":"1999","journal-title":"Asian Pacific J Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.1998.tb03908.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.1997.tb00970.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-6749(96)70256-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/105065800781329483"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_11_2","volume-title":"Allergy","author":"Church MK","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-8707(68)90053-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-6749(98)70218-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199510053331402"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.162.supplement_2.ras-13"}],"container-title":["Allergy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1034%2Fj.1398-9995.2003.23746.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1034\/j.1398-9995.2003.23746.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]],"date-time":"2023-10-13T18:19:06Z","timestamp":1697221146000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1034\/j.1398-9995.2003.23746.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,1]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1034\/j.1398-9995.2003.23746.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1034\/j.1398-9995.2003.23746.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0105-4538","1398-9995"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0105-4538","type":"print"},{"value":"1398-9995","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,1]]}}}