{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T12:57:46Z","timestamp":1785243466114,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,28]],"date-time":"2008-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1214611200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2919,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["APMIS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In order to compare the distribution of selected virulence genes among group A streptococci recovered from invasive disease and superficial infections, 42 isolates were screened for <jats:italic>mga, speB, speA, ssa<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>ska<\/jats:italic>, by PCR. The isolates were predominantly of the sequence types <jats:italic>emm1, emm3<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>emm6<\/jats:italic>, but also included a few of the types <jats:italic>emm22, emm28, emm75<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>emm78.<\/jats:italic> The phage\u2010mediated <jats:italic>speA<\/jats:italic> seemed to be prevalent in <jats:italic>emm<\/jats:italic> types 1 and 3, and its distribution was not related to disease severity. The other genes were present in all isolates. The <jats:italic>mga, speB<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>speA<\/jats:italic> were further studied by sequence analysis. Although allotypic associations with invasiveness were not found, allelic specificity to the <jats:italic>emm<\/jats:italic> sequence type was observed. In addition, the <jats:italic>mga<\/jats:italic> sequences indicated two lineages, related to opacity factor production. A possible recombination between these two main divergent <jats:italic>mga<\/jats:italic> genes was observed in isolates of the types <jats:italic>emm22<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>emm15.<\/jats:italic> A logical nomenclature of the alleles of <jats:italic>mga<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>speB<\/jats:italic> is suggested.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0463.2000.d01-28.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,10,15]],"date-time":"2003-10-15T02:35:34Z","timestamp":1066185334000},"page":"771-778","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Distribution and sequence variations of selected virulence genes among group A streptococcal isolates from western 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