{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,6]],"date-time":"2024-09-06T15:49:54Z","timestamp":1725637794331},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,28]],"date-time":"2008-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1214611200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2919,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["APMIS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>To elucidate the innate immune responses to group A streptococci (GAS) important in the pathophysiology of sepsis, flow cytometric techniques were applied to study the effects of live and heat\u2010inactivated GAS, including their particulate and soluble components, on the expression of leukocyte adhesion molecules CDllb (Mac\u20101) and CD62L (L\u2010selectin), and leukocyte production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in human whole blood. GAS caused marked time\u2010 and concentration\u2010dependent increases in CD11b and ROS, while CD62L was downregulated. Live and heat\u2010inactivated GAS induced similar changes in leukocyte adhesion molecules, whereas ROS production induced by heat\u2010inactivated GAS (and its particulate fraction) was 4 (2.5)\u2010fold higher than with live GAS. Leukocyte nitric oxide production (24 h) was not enhanced. Although GAS proved a more potent inducer of ROS production, leukocyte responses to GAS were similar to those reported for lipolysaccharides, indicating that Gram\u2010positive and Gram\u2010negative bacteria activate common pathways in the inflammatory response. High ROS production may contribute to tissue damage caused by GAS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0463.2000.d01-99.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,10,15]],"date-time":"2003-10-15T02:35:50Z","timestamp":1066185350000},"page":"573-580","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Changed expression of leukocyte adhesion molecules and increased production of reactive oxygen species caused by <i>Streptococcus pyogenes<\/i> in human whole blood"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"108","author":[{"given":"TORUNN","family":"Saetre","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E. 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