{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T00:24:54Z","timestamp":1767831894208,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,16]],"date-time":"2002-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1026777600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Pineal Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In the present work, the effect of melatonin on the hamster retinal nitridergic pathway was examined. When the retinas were incubated in the presence of low concentrations (1\u2003p<jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>\u201310\u2003n<jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>) of melatonin for 15\u2003min, a significant decrease of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity was observed. However, when crude retinal homogenates were preincubated with melatonin for 15\u2003min, no changes in NOS activity were detected, despite the fact that under the same conditions trifluoperazine, a calmodulin inhibitor, significantly decreased enzymatic activity. Kinetic analysis showed that melatonin decreased the <jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub> of retinal NOS without changes in the <jats:italic>K<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>m<\/jats:sub>. On the other hand, low concentrations (100\u2003p<jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>) of melatonin significantly reduced retinal <jats:sc>L<\/jats:sc>\u2010arginine influx. A decrease in the <jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub> of <jats:sc>L<\/jats:sc>\u2010arginine uptake was observed in the presence of melatonin, whereas the <jats:italic>K<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>m<\/jats:sub> remained unchanged. Melatonin significantly inhibited the accumulation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels induced by both <jats:sc>L<\/jats:sc>\u2010arginine and sodium nitroprusside (SNP). In summary, the present results indicate that melatonin could be a potent inhibitor of the retinal nitridergic pathway.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-079x.2002.01880.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,12]],"date-time":"2003-03-12T08:32:37Z","timestamp":1047457957000},"page":"31-36","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Physiological concentrations of melatonin inhibit the nitridergic pathway in the Syrian hamster retina"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Daniel A.","family":"S\u00e1enz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adri\u00e1n G.","family":"Turjanski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Geraldine B.","family":"Sacca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcelo","family":"Marti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Doctorovich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda I. 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