{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,9]],"date-time":"2025-04-09T04:43:41Z","timestamp":1744173821040},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,12,9]],"date-time":"2002-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1039392000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Rep Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Ferro VA, Harvey MJA, Colston A, Stimson WH. Part II: Influence of dimerization of a modified GnRH\u2010I peptide sequence on a male antifertility vaccine. AJRI 2002; 48: 372\u2013380 \u00a9 Blackwell Munksgaard, 2002<\/jats:p><jats:p>PROBLEM:\u2002In the previous paper, we described how the tetanus toxoid (TT) conjugated monomer, CHWSYGLRPG\u2010NH<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, induced high neutralizing antibody titres, which resulted in decreased levels of testosterone and subsequent antifertility. However, its counterpart HWSYGLRPGC, induced low avidity antibody titres. We wanted to know whether peptide dimerization would improve the efficacy of both peptides.<\/jats:p><jats:p>METHOD OF STUDY:\u2002Male Sprague\u2013Dawley rats were immunized with modified dimerized GnRH\u2010I peptides (HWSYGLRPGCCGPRLGYSWH and GPRLGYSWHCCHWSYGLRPG\u2010NH<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>), with or without conjugation to TT.<\/jats:p><jats:p>RESULTS:\u2002The unconjugated dimers were not effective in causing castration, although the first peptide dimer did induce production of antibodies. When conjugated to TT, both dimers showed the same level of efficacy in causing castration as each other. However, there were differences in antibody binding to native GnRH.<\/jats:p><jats:p>CONCLUSIONS:\u2002Dimerization and conjugation to a carrier improved the antifertility efficacy of HWSYGLRPGC, whereas the conjugated monomer CHWSYGLRPG\u2010NH<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> showed a greater level of consistent castration than its conjugated dimer.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0897.2002.01121.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,11]],"date-time":"2003-03-11T01:27:46Z","timestamp":1047346066000},"page":"372-380","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Part II: Influence of Dimerization of a modified GnRH\u2010I Peptide Sequence on a Male Antifertility Vaccine"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Valerie A.","family":"Ferro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael J. 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