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Primipaternity may be the leading cause of pre\u2010eclampsia in women under 30\u2003years of age when genetic susceptibility to cardio\u2010vascular disease has not yet been expressed, especially in women before their twenties, who for the last 40,000\u2003years have perhaps comprised the age group when the majority of parturients classified as <jats:italic>Homo sapiens sapiens<\/jats:italic> initiated their reproductive life. In terms of evolution, the prevalence of pre\u2010eclampsia represents a distinct reproductive disadvantage in humans as compared with other mammals. Indeed, pre\u2010eclampsia is a consequence of the defect of the normal human\u2010specific deep endovascular invasion of the trophoblast. The large size of the human fetal brain imposing this deep trophoblastic invasion induced the need for major immunogenetic compromises in terms of paternal\u2013maternal tissue tolerance. The price that mankind has had to pay to adapt to the pre\u2010eclampsia risk is a low fecundability rate and therefore loss of oestrus, possibly a step in the deviation between apes and hominids. Further, pre\u2010eclampsia risk may be a contributing factor leading to the rejection of systematic polyandry in human societies and have influenced prohibition of incest.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0897.2002.1o043.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,11]],"date-time":"2003-03-11T01:26:37Z","timestamp":1047345997000},"page":"104-111","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Evolutionary Adaptations to Pre\u2010eclampsia\/Eclampsia in Humans: Low Fecundability Rate, Loss of Oestrus, Prohibitions of Incest and Systematic Polyandry"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"PIERRE\u2010YVES","family":"ROBILLARD","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"GUSTAAF A.","family":"DEKKER","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"THOMAS C.","family":"HULSEY","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,3,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.296.6631.1209"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.309.6966.1395"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1989.tb01567.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_2","first-page":"102","article-title":"Spontaneous pre\u2010eclamptic toxaemia of pregnancy in the pata monkey (Erythrocebus patas)","volume":"29","author":"Palmer AE","year":"1979","journal-title":"Lab Anim Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(16)32642-4","article-title":"Eclampsia in a lowland gorilla","volume":"141","author":"Baird JNJ","year":"1981","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_2","unstructured":"LindheimerMD RobertsJM CunninghamFG ChesleyLC:Introduction history controversies and definitions.InChesley's Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy MD Lindheimer JM Roberts FG Cunningham (eds). 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