{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T04:01:31Z","timestamp":1792036891956,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,21]],"date-time":"2003-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1045785600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":20,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Rep Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>OBJECTIVE:\u2002<\/jats:bold> To examine the expression, site of production and a role of collagenase\u20103 in human fetal membranes and amniotic fluid (AF).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>METHODS:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Amniochorion collected at the time of elective repeat cesareans prior to labor from normal term gestation, were placed in an organ explant system for 72\u2003hr. The AF was collected from the following groups of women: women at term; women at third trimester pregnancy: women at mid\u2010trimester pregnancy. Women with premature rupture of the membranes (PROM) with or without pre\u2010term labor and infection delivered by cesareans before term; women with pre\u2010term labor and no rupture of membranes and delivered by cesareans before term; The mRNA expression of collagenase\u20103 was studied by reverse transcriptase\u2013polymerase chain reaction (RT\u2013PCR) and protein concentrations in the AF were assayed by enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Site of collagenase\u20103 production was documented by immunohistochemistry. Statistical comparisons were made using ANOVA. All statistical hypotheses were adjusted for multiple comparisons using the Scheffe method of adjustment.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>RESULTS:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Amniochorion at term expressed collagenase\u20103 mRNA. Immunohistochemistry localized collagenase\u20103 in both amnion and chorion. Collagenase\u20103 was seen in AF from all gestational age groups with lowest levels at mid\u2010trimester [167.8\u2003pg\/mL] and highest during term labor (323.92\u2003pg\/mL) with no statistically significant difference between term and third trimester (310.11\u2003pg\/mL). AF levels of collagenase\u20103 were significantly higher in women with pre\u2010term labor (370.02\u2003pg\/mL; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>adj<\/jats:sub>\u2003=\u20030.046) or pre\u2010term labor and infection (628.73\u2003pg\/mL; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>adj<\/jats:sub>\u2003=\u20030.002) compared with PROM with pre\u2010term labor and infection (87.19\u2003pg\/mL).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>CONCLUSION:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Collagenase\u20103 mRNA is constitutively expressed and produced in amniochorion. It is a normal physiologic constituent of AF. PROM is not associated with an increase in the AF collagenase\u20103.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0897.2003.00012.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,11]],"date-time":"2003-03-11T01:28:10Z","timestamp":1047346090000},"page":"120-125","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Collagenase\u20103 (MMP\u201013) in Fetal Membranes and Amniotic Fluid During Pregnancy*"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Stephen J.","family":"Fortunato","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bonnie","family":"LaFleur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramkumar","family":"Menon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(95)90640-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.31.21491"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1520-6661(199909\/10)8:5<213::AID-MFM3>3.0.CO;2-R"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(98)70141-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(99)00503-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/JPM.1999.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(97)70260-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2000.108879"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(00)99072-0","article-title":"Human neutrophil collagenase (MMP 8) in parturition, premature rupture of the membranes, and intrauterine infection","volume":"183","author":"Maymon E","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.1994.tb01112.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0945-053X(98)90019-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(99)00336-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"MalakTM OcklefordCD BellSC DalgleishR BrightN MacvicarJ: 7 Confocal immunofluorescence localization of collagen types I III IV V and VI and their ultrastructural organization in term human fetal membranes. 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