{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T10:37:51Z","timestamp":1773657471058,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4500","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1956,1,1]],"date-time":"1956-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":-441849600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nature"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1956,1]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/177174a0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,30]],"date-time":"2006-05-30T13:09:11Z","timestamp":1148994551000},"page":"174-176","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":81,"title":["Synthesis and Bleaching of Rhodopsin"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"177","author":[{"given":"GEORGE","family":"WALD","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"PAUL K.","family":"BROWN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"BF177174a0_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.41.7.438","volume":"41","author":"G Wald","year":"1955","unstructured":"Wald, G., Brown, P. K., Hubbard, R., and Oroshnik, W., Proc. U.S. Nat. Acad. Sci., 41, 438 (1955).","journal-title":"Proc. U.S. Nat. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"BF177174a0_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.36.2.269","volume":"36","author":"R Hubbard","year":"1952","unstructured":"Hubbard, R., and Wald, G., J. Gen. Physiol., 36, 269 (1952\u201353).","journal-title":"J. Gen. Physiol."},{"key":"BF177174a0_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00162600","volume":"4","author":"G Wald","year":"1949","unstructured":"Wald, G., Documenta Ophthal., 4, 94 (1949); Science, 113, 287 (1951); J. Opt. Soc. Amer., 41, 949 (1951).","journal-title":"Documenta Ophthal."},{"key":"BF177174a0_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1126\/science.111.2877.179","volume":"111","author":"G Wald","year":"1950","unstructured":"Wald, G., Durell, J., and St. George, R. C. C., Science, 111, 179 (1950).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BF177174a0_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1042\/bj0470010","volume":"47","author":"FD Collins","year":"1950","unstructured":"Collins, F. D., and Morton, R. A., Biochem. J., 47, 10 (1950). Wald, G., Biochim. et Biophys. Acta, 4, 215 (1950). Collins, F. D., Nature, 171, 469 (1953). Morton, R. A., and Pitt, G. A. J., Biochem. J., 59, 128 (1955).","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"BF177174a0_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.37.2.189","volume":"37","author":"G Wald","year":"1953","unstructured":"Wald, G., and Brown, P. K., J. Gen. Physiol., 37, 189 (1953\u201354).","journal-title":"J. Gen. Physiol."},{"key":"BF177174a0_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1126\/science.120.3110.219-a","volume":"120","author":"JM Dieterle","year":"1954","unstructured":"Dieterle, J. M., and Robeson, C. D., Science, 120, 219 (1954).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BF177174a0_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.32.3.367","volume":"32","author":"G Wald","year":"1948","unstructured":"Wald, G., and Hubbard, R., J. Gen. Physiol., 32, 367 (1948\u201349). Wald, G., Biochim. et Biophys. Acta, 4, 215 (1950). Bliss, A. F., Arch. Biochem. and Biophys., 31, 197 (1951).","journal-title":"J. Gen. Physiol."}],"container-title":["Nature"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/177174a0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/177174a0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/177174a0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T19:40:16Z","timestamp":1638387616000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/177174a0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1956,1]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4500","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1956,1]]}},"alternative-id":["BF177174a0"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/177174a0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0028-0836","1476-4687"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0028-0836","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-4687","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1956,1]]}}}