{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T16:19:46Z","timestamp":1778170786778,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5927","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1983,8,1]],"date-time":"1983-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":428544000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nature"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1983,8]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/304596a0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,18]],"date-time":"2004-11-18T01:06:34Z","timestamp":1100739994000},"page":"596-602","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2067,"title":["Tumorigenic conversion of primary embryo fibroblasts requires at least two cooperating oncogenes"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"304","author":[{"given":"Hartmut","family":"Land","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Luis F.","family":"Parada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Robert A.","family":"Weinberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"BF304596a0_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1038\/255197a0","volume":"255","author":"J Cairns","year":"1975","unstructured":"Cairns, J. Nature 255, 197\u2013200 (1975).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.49.2.171","volume":"49","author":"M Vogt","year":"1963","unstructured":"Vogt, M. & Dulbecco, R. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 49, 171\u2013179 (1963).","journal-title":"Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR3","first-page":"388","volume":"1","author":"I Berenblum","year":"1947","unstructured":"Berenblum, I. & Shubik, P. Br. J. Cancer 1, 388 (1947).","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR4","first-page":"1702","volume":"37","author":"P Emmelot","year":"1977","unstructured":"Emmelot, P. & Scherer, E. Cancer Res. 37, 1702\u20131708 (1977).","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.3.5.931","volume":"3","author":"BD Crawford","year":"1983","unstructured":"Crawford, B. D., Barrett, J. C. & Ts'o, P. O. P. Molec. cell. Biol. 3, 931\u2013945 (1983).","journal-title":"Molec. cell. Biol."},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1038\/300713a0","volume":"300","author":"M Rassoulzadegan","year":"1982","unstructured":"Rassoulzadegan, M. et al. Nature 300, 713\u2013718 (1982).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6822(80)90054-9","volume":"105","author":"A Houweling","year":"1980","unstructured":"Houweling, A., van den Elsen, P. J. & van der Eb, A. J. Virology 105, 537\u2013550 (1980).","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1119(82)90115-9","volume":"18","author":"PJ van den Elsen","year":"1982","unstructured":"van den Elsen, P. J., de Pater, S., Houweling, A., van der Veer, J. & van der Eb, A. Gene 18, 175\u2013185 (1982).","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hayward, W. S., Neel, B. G. & Astrin, S. M. Nature 290, 475\u201380 (1981).","DOI":"10.1038\/290475a0"},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1038\/295209a0","volume":"295","author":"GS Payne","year":"1982","unstructured":"Payne, G. S., Bishop, J. M. & Varmus, H. E. Nature 295, 209\u2013214 (1982).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1038\/292857a0","volume":"292","author":"GM Cooper","year":"1981","unstructured":"Cooper, G. M. & Neiman, P. E. Nature 292, 857\u2013858 (1981).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR12","unstructured":"Murray, M. J. et al. Cell (in the press)."},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(81)90054-4","volume":"25","author":"MJ Murray","year":"1981","unstructured":"Murray, M. J., Shilo, B.-Z., Shih, C. & Weinberg, R. A. Cell 25, 355\u2013361 (1981).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4910","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.72.12.4910","volume":"72","author":"D Smotkin","year":"1975","unstructured":"Smotkin, D., Gianni, A. M., Rozenblatt, S. & Weinberg, R. A. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 72, 4910\u20134913 (1975).","journal-title":"Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR15","first-page":"141","volume":"72","author":"SA Aaronson","year":"1968","unstructured":"Aaronson, S. A. & Todaro, G. J. J. Cell Biol. 72, 141\u2013148 (1968).","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(82)90100-3","volume":"29","author":"C Shih","year":"1982","unstructured":"Shih, C. & Weinberg, R. A. Cell 29, 161\u2013169 (1982).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3637","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.79.11.3637","volume":"79","author":"CJ Der","year":"1982","unstructured":"Der, C. J., Krontiris, T. G. & Cooper, G. M. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 79, 3637\u20133640 (1982).","journal-title":"Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1038\/297474a0","volume":"297","author":"LF Parada","year":"1982","unstructured":"Parada, L. F., Tabin, C. J., Shih, C. & Weinberg, R. A. Nature 297, 474\u2013479 (1982).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1038\/298343a0","volume":"298","author":"E Santos","year":"1982","unstructured":"Santos, E., Tronick, S., Aaronson, S. A., Pulciani, S. & Barbacid, M. Nature 298, 343\u2013347 (1982).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6822(79)90173-9","volume":"96","author":"TY Shih","year":"1979","unstructured":"Shih, T. Y., Weeks, M O., Young, H. A. & Scolnick, E. M. Virology 96, 64\u201379 (1979).","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1038\/300143a0","volume":"300","author":"CJ Tabin","year":"1982","unstructured":"Tabin, C. J. et al. Nature 300, 143\u2013149 (1982).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(80)90178-6","volume":"22","author":"M Perucho","year":"1980","unstructured":"Perucho, M., Hanahan, D. & Wigler, M. Cell 22, 309\u2013317 (1980).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1038\/300539a0","volume":"300","author":"S Pulciani","year":"1982","unstructured":"Pulciani, S. et al. Nature 300, 539\u2013542 (1982).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1038\/303396a0","volume":"303","author":"A Hall","year":"1983","unstructured":"Hall, A., Marshall, C. J., Spurr, N. K. & Weiss, R. A. Nature 303, 396\u2013400 (1983).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.80.2.383","volume":"80","author":"K Shimizu","year":"1983","unstructured":"Shimizu, K., Goldfarb, M., Perucho, M. & Wigler, M. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 80, 383\u2013387 (1983).","journal-title":"Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6822(73)90341-3","volume":"52","author":"FL Graham","year":"1973","unstructured":"Graham, F. L. & van der Eb, A. J. Virology 52, 456\u2013467 (1973).","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2072","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.78.4.2072","volume":"78","author":"RC Mulligan","year":"1981","unstructured":"Mulligan, R. C. & Berg, P. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 78, 2072\u20132076 (1981).","journal-title":"Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(80)90178-6","volume":"22","author":"M Perucho","year":"1980","unstructured":"Perucho, M., Hanahan, D. & Wigler, M. Cell 22, 309\u2013317 (1980).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2415","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.70.8.2415","volume":"70","author":"AE Freeman","year":"1973","unstructured":"Freeman, A. E. et al. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 70, 2415\u20132419 (1973).","journal-title":"Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.39.2.625-631.1981","volume":"39","author":"B Vennstrom","year":"1981","unstructured":"Vennstrom, B., Moscovici, C., Goodman, H. M. & Bishop, J. M. J. Virol. 39, 625\u2013631 (1981).","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2146","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.80.8.2146","volume":"80","author":"DK Watson","year":"1983","unstructured":"Watson, D. K., Reddy, E. P., Duesberg, P. H. & Papas, T. S. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 80, 2146\u20132150 (1983).","journal-title":"Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.80.1.100","volume":"80","author":"K Alitalo","year":"1983","unstructured":"Alitalo, K. et al. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 80, 100\u2013104 (1983).","journal-title":"Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1038\/301722a0","volume":"301","author":"WW Colby","year":"1983","unstructured":"Colby, W. W., Chen, E. Y., Smith, D. H. & Levinson, A. D. Nature 301, 722\u2013725 (1983).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6453","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.79.21.6453","volume":"79","author":"LA Laimins","year":"1982","unstructured":"Laimins, L. A., Khoury, G., Gorman, C., Howard, B. & Gruss, P. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 79, 6453\u20136457 (1982).","journal-title":"Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(82)90137-4","volume":"31","author":"GLC Shen-Ong","year":"1982","unstructured":"Shen-Ong, G. L. C., Keath, E. J., Piccoli, S. P. & Cole, M. D. Cell 31, 443\u2013452 (1982).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1038\/292595a0","volume":"292","author":"R Treisman","year":"1981","unstructured":"Treisman, R., Novak, U., Favaloro, J. & Kamen, R. Nature 292, 595\u2013600 (1981).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6231","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/9.23.6231","volume":"9","author":"C Tyndall","year":"1981","unstructured":"Tyndall, C., LaMantia, G., Thacker, C. M., Favaloro, J. & Kamen, R. Nucleic Acids Res. 9, 6231\u20136250 (1981).","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1038\/300762a0","volume":"300","author":"E Taparowsky","year":"1982","unstructured":"Taparowsky, E. et al. Nature 300, 762\u2013765 (1982).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6287573","volume":"217","author":"N Tsuchida","year":"1982","unstructured":"Tsuchida, N., Ryder, T. & Ohtsubo, E. Science 217, 937\u2013939 (1982).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6287572","volume":"217","author":"R Dhar","year":"1982","unstructured":"Dhar, R. et al. Science 217, 934\u2013937 (1982).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR41","first-page":"55","volume-title":"Viral Oncology","author":"JW Beard","year":"1980","unstructured":"Beard, J. W. in Viral Oncology (ed. Klein, G.) 55\u201388 (Raven, New York, 1980)."},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR42","unstructured":"Adams, J. M., Gerondakis, S., Webb, E., Corcoran, L. & Cory, S. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (in the press)."},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1038\/298679a0","volume":"298","author":"SJ Collins","year":"1982","unstructured":"Collins, S. J. & Groudine, M. Nature 298, 679\u2013681 (1982).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1038\/299061a0","volume":"299","author":"R Dalla Favera","year":"1982","unstructured":"Dalla Favera, R., Wong-Staal, F. & Gallo, R. C. Nature 299, 61\u201363 (1982).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7824","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.79.24.7824","volume":"79","author":"R Dalla Favera","year":"1982","unstructured":"Dalla Favera, R., et al. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 79, 7824\u20137827 (1982).","journal-title":"Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7837","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.79.24.7837","volume":"79","author":"R Taub","year":"1982","unstructured":"Taub, R. et al. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 79, 7837\u20137841 (1982).","journal-title":"Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7146913","volume":"218","author":"S Crews","year":"1982","unstructured":"Crews, S., Barth, J., Hood, L., Prehn, J. & Calame, K. Science 218, 1319\u20131321 (1982).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.80.2.519","volume":"80","author":"RB Marcu","year":"1983","unstructured":"Marcu, R. B. et al. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 80, 519\u2013523 (1983).","journal-title":"Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1707","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.80.6.1707","volume":"80","author":"K Alitalo","year":"1983","unstructured":"Alitalo, K., Schwab, M., Lin, C. C., Varmus, H. E. & Bishop, J. M. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 80, 1707\u20131711 (1983).","journal-title":"Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR50","first-page":"931","volume-title":"Oncogenic viruses","author":"L Gross","year":"1970","unstructured":"Gross, L. Oncogenic viruses, 931 (Pergamon, Oxford, 1970)."},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6822(79)90569-5","volume":"98","author":"K Quade","year":"1979","unstructured":"Quade, K. Virology 98, 461\u2013465 (1979).","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.33.3.1199-1202.1980","volume":"33","author":"NG Copeland","year":"1980","unstructured":"Copeland, N. G. & Cooper, G. M. J. Virol. 33, 1199\u20131202 (1980).","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(80)90091-4","volume":"19","author":"MC Willingham","year":"1981","unstructured":"Willingham, M. C., Pastan, I., Shih, T. Y. & Scolnick, E. M. Cell 19, 1005\u20131014 (1981).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6822(79)90545-2","volume":"98","author":"Y Ito","year":"1979","unstructured":"Ito, Y. Virology 98, 261\u2013266 (1979).","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.2.10.1187","volume":"2","author":"BS Schaffhausen","year":"1982","unstructured":"Schaffhausen, B. S., Dorai, J., Arakere, G. & Benjamin, T. L. Molec. cell. Biol. 2, 1187\u20131198 (1982).","journal-title":"Molec. cell. Biol."},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1038\/296262a0","volume":"296","author":"P Donner","year":"1982","unstructured":"Donner, P., Greiser-Wilke, I. & Moelling, K. Nature 296, 262\u2013266 (1982).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(82)90159-3","volume":"29","author":"HD Abrams","year":"1982","unstructured":"Abrams, H. D., Rohrschneider, L. R. & Eisenman, R. N. Cell 29, 427\u2013439 (1982).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.74.3.1259","volume":"74","author":"Y Ito","year":"1977","unstructured":"Ito, Y., Spurr, N. & Dulbecco, R. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 74, 1259\u20131263 (1977).","journal-title":"Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.3.5.829","volume":"3","author":"LT Feldman","year":"1983","unstructured":"Feldman, L. T. & Nevins, J. R. Molec. cell. Biol. 3, 829\u2013838 (1983).","journal-title":"Molec. cell. Biol."},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4792","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.71.12.4792","volume":"71","author":"R Pollack","year":"1974","unstructured":"Pollack, R., Risser, R., Coulon, S. & Rifkin, D. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 71, 4792\u20134796 (1974).","journal-title":"Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(79)90188-0","volume":"16","author":"P Andersson","year":"1979","unstructured":"Andersson, P., Goldfarb, M. P. & Weinberg, R. A. Cell 16, 63\u201375 (1979).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"BF304596a0_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1038\/304602a0","volume":"304","author":"HE Ruley","year":"1983","unstructured":"Ruley, H. E. Nature 304, 602\u2013606 (1983).","journal-title":"Nature"}],"container-title":["Nature"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/304596a0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/304596a0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/304596a0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,17]],"date-time":"2023-05-17T00:48:31Z","timestamp":1684284511000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/304596a0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1983,8]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5927","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1983,8]]}},"alternative-id":["BF304596a0"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/304596a0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0028-0836","1476-4687"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0028-0836","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-4687","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1983,8]]}}}