{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T06:24:43Z","timestamp":1780986283406,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6562","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1996,1,18]],"date-time":"1996-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":821923200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[1996,1,18]],"date-time":"1996-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":821923200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nature"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,1,18]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/379225a0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,6,13]],"date-time":"2003-06-13T00:03:17Z","timestamp":1055462597000},"page":"225-232","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":682,"title":["Structure and mechanism of DNA topoisomerase II"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"379","author":[{"given":"James M.","family":"Berger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven J.","family":"Gamblin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen C.","family":"Harrison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James C.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"BF379225a0_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.bi.50.070181.004311","volume":"50","author":"M Gellert","year":"1981","unstructured":"Gellert, M. A. Rev. Biochem. 50, 879\u2013910 (1981).","journal-title":"A. Rev. Biochem."},{"key":"BF379225a0_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.bi.54.070185.003313","volume":"54","author":"JC Wang","year":"1985","unstructured":"Wang, J. C. A. Rev. Biochem. 54, 665\u2013697 (1985).","journal-title":"A. Rev. Biochem."},{"key":"BF379225a0_CR3","first-page":"243","volume-title":"DNA Topology and its Biological Implications","author":"T Hsieh","year":"1990","unstructured":"Hsieh, T. in DNA Topology and its Biological Implications (eds Cozzarelli, N. R. & Wang, J. C.) 243\u2013263 (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, New York, 1990)."},{"key":"BF379225a0_CR4","first-page":"299","volume-title":"DNA Topology and its Biological Implications","author":"M Yanagida","year":"1990","unstructured":"Yanagida, M. & Sternglanz, R. in DNA Topology and its Biological Implications (eds Cozzarelli, N. R. & Wang, J. C.) 299\u2013320 (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, New York, 1990)."},{"key":"BF379225a0_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3014661","volume":"233","author":"R Lynn","year":"1986","unstructured":"Lynn, R., Giaever, G., Swanberg, S. L. & Wang, J. C. Science 233, 647\u2013649 (1986).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BF379225a0_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1986.tb04315.x","volume":"5","author":"T Uemura","year":"1986","unstructured":"Uemura, T. & Yanagida, M. EMBO J. 5, 1003\u20131010 (1986).","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"BF379225a0_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2836(89)90361-6","volume":"205","author":"E Wyckoff","year":"1989","unstructured":"Wyckoff, E., Natalie, D., Nolan, J. M., Lee, M. & Hseih, T. J. molec. Biol. 205, 1\u201314 (1989).","journal-title":"J. molec. Biol."},{"key":"BF379225a0_CR8","first-page":"201","volume-title":"Advances in Pharmacology","author":"WM Huang","year":"1994","unstructured":"Huang, W. M. in Advances in Pharmacology (ed. Liu, L. F.) 201\u2013225 (Academic, San Diego, 1994)."},{"key":"BF379225a0_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1126\/science.227059","volume":"206","author":"PO Brown","year":"1979","unstructured":"Brown, P. O. & Cozzarelli, N. R. Science 206, 1081\u20131083 (1979).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BF379225a0_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(80)80046-8","volume":"19","author":"LF Liu","year":"1980","unstructured":"Liu, L. F., Liu, C. C. & Alberts, B. M. Cell 19, 697\u2013707 (1980).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"BF379225a0_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1101\/SQB.1981.045.01.053","volume":"45","author":"M Gellert","year":"1981","unstructured":"Gellert, M., Fisher, L. M., Ohmori, H., O'Dea, M. H. & Mizuuchi, K. Cold Spring Harb. Symp. quant. Biol. 45, 391\u2013398 (1981).","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Symp. quant. Biol."},{"key":"BF379225a0_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4838","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.75.10.4838","volume":"75","author":"A Sugino","year":"1978","unstructured":"Sugino, A., Higgins, N. P., Brown, P. O., Peebles, C. L. & Cozzarelli, N. R. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 75, 4838\u20134842 (1978).","journal-title":"Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"BF379225a0_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6389","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/12.16.6389","volume":"12","author":"T Adachi","year":"1984","unstructured":"Adachi, T., Mizuuchi, K., Menzel, R. & Gellert, M. Nucleic Acids Res. 12, 6389\u20136395 (1984).","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"BF379225a0_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6110","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.76.12.6110","volume":"76","author":"PO Brown","year":"1979","unstructured":"Brown, P. O., Peebles, C. L. & Cozzarelli, N. R. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 76, 6110\u20136114 (1979).","journal-title":"Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"BF379225a0_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6289","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.76.12.6289","volume":"76","author":"M Gellert","year":"1979","unstructured":"Gellert, M., Fisher, L. M. & O'Dea, M. H. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 76, 6289\u20136293 (1979).","journal-title":"Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"BF379225a0_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1038\/351624a0","volume":"351","author":"DB Wigley","year":"1991","unstructured":"Wigley, D. B., Davies, G. J., Dodson, E. J., Maxwell, A. & Dodson, G. Nature 351, 624\u2013629 (1991).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BF379225a0_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9801","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00030a018","volume":"34","author":"JA Ali","year":"1995","unstructured":"Ali, J. A., Orphanides, G. & Maxwell, A. Biochemistry 34, 9801\u20139808 (1995).","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"BF379225a0_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10485","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.23.10485","volume":"88","author":"JE Lindsley","year":"1991","unstructured":"Lindsley, J. E. & Wang, J. C. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 88, 10485\u201310489 (1991).","journal-title":"Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"BF379225a0_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9944","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)67607-0","volume":"261","author":"N Osheroff","year":"1986","unstructured":"Osheroff, N. J. biol. Chem. 261, 9944\u20139950 (1986).","journal-title":"J. biol. Chem."},{"key":"BF379225a0_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(92)90558-T","volume":"71","author":"JR Roca","year":"1992","unstructured":"Roca, J. R. & Wang, J. C. Cell 71, 833\u2013840 (1992).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"BF379225a0_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1038\/361749a0","volume":"361","author":"JE Linsdey","year":"1993","unstructured":"Linsdey, J. E. & Wang, J. C. Nature 361, 749\u2013750 (1993).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BF379225a0_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(94)90222-4","volume":"77","author":"J Roca","year":"1994","unstructured":"Roca, J. & Wang, J. C. Cell 77, 609\u2013616 (1994).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"BF379225a0_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1038\/367138a0","volume":"367","author":"CD Lima","year":"1994","unstructured":"Lima, C. D., Wang, J. C. & Mondrag\u00f3n, A. Nature 367, 138\u2013145 (1994).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BF379225a0_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1653449","volume":"253","author":"SC Schultz","year":"1991","unstructured":"Schultz, S. C., Shields, G. C. & Steitz, T. A. Science 253, 1001\u20131007 (1991).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BF379225a0_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1038\/362219a0","volume":"362","author":"V Ramakrishnan","year":"1993","unstructured":"Ramakrishnan, V., Finch, J. T., Graziano, V., Lee, P. L. & Sweet, R. M. Nature 362, 219\u2013223 (1993).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BF379225a0_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4412","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)83757-7","volume":"264","author":"ST Worland","year":"1989","unstructured":"Worland, S. T. & Wang, J. C. J. biol. Chem. 264, 4412\u20134416 (1989).","journal-title":"J. biol. Chem."},{"key":"BF379225a0_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/128.4.703","volume":"128","author":"W Thomas","year":"1991","unstructured":"Thomas, W., Spell, R. M., Ming, M. E. & Holm, C. Genetics 128, 703\u2013716 (1991).","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"BF379225a0_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2836(92)90629-X","volume":"226","author":"P Bernerd","year":"1992","unstructured":"Bernerd, P. & Couturier, M. J. molec. Biol. 226, 735\u2013745 (1992).","journal-title":"J. molec. Biol."},{"key":"BF379225a0_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.34.6.1271","volume":"34","author":"H Yoshida","year":"1990","unstructured":"Yoshida, H., Bogaki, M., Nakamura, M. & Nakamura, S. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 34, 1271\u20131272 (1990).","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"BF379225a0_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21779","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(20)88251-9","volume":"264","author":"MP Lee","year":"1989","unstructured":"Lee, M. P., Sauder, M. & Hsieh, T. J. biol. Chem. 264, 21779\u201321787 (1989).","journal-title":"J. biol. Chem."},{"key":"BF379225a0_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(85)80074-X","volume":"41","author":"T Kirchhausen","year":"1985","unstructured":"Kirchhausen, T., Wang, J. C. & Harrison, S. C. Cell 41, 933\u2013943 (1985).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"BF379225a0_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8421","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(20)82081-X","volume":"258","author":"M Sander","year":"1983","unstructured":"Sander, M. & Hsieh, T. J. biol. Chem. 258, 8421\u20138428 (1983).","journal-title":"J. biol. Chem."},{"key":"BF379225a0_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-440X(94)90114-7","volume":"4","author":"A Murzin","year":"1994","unstructured":"Murzin, A. Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol. 4, 441\u2013449 (1994).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol."},{"key":"BF379225a0_CR34","first-page":"556","volume-title":"Data Collection and Processing","author":"Z Otwinowski","year":"1993","unstructured":"Otwinowski, Z. & Minor, W. in Data Collection and Processing (eds Sawyer, L., Isaacs, N. & Bailey, S.) 556\u2013562 (SERC Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, 1993)."},{"key":"BF379225a0_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Collaborative Computational Project, No. 4 Acta crystallogr. D50, 760\u2013763 (1994).","DOI":"10.1107\/S0907444994003112"},{"key":"BF379225a0_CR36","volume-title":"A CCP4 Density Modification Package","author":"K Cowtan","year":"1994","unstructured":"Cowtan, K. A CCP4 Density Modification Package (The CCP4 Suite of Programs, 1994)."},{"key":"BF379225a0_CR37","volume-title":"XPLOR (Version 3.1): A System for X-ray Crystallography and NMR","author":"AT Br\u00fcnger","year":"1993","unstructured":"Br\u00fcnger, A. T. XPLOR (Version 3.1): A System for X-ray Crystallography and NMR (Yale Univ. Press, 1993)."},{"key":"BF379225a0_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1038\/355472a0","volume":"355","author":"AT Br\u00fcnger","year":"1992","unstructured":"Br\u00fcnger, A. T. Nature 355, 472\u2013475 (1992).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BF379225a0_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pc.42.100191.001213","volume":"42","author":"AT Br\u00fcnger","year":"1991","unstructured":"Br\u00fcnger, A. T. A. Rev. phys. Chem. 42, 197\u2013223 (1991).","journal-title":"A. Rev. phys. Chem."},{"key":"BF379225a0_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1107\/S0021889891004399","volume":"24","author":"P Kraulis","year":"1991","unstructured":"Kraulis, P. J. appl. Crystallogr. 24, 924\u2013950 (1991).","journal-title":"J. appl. Crystallogr."},{"key":"BF379225a0_CR41","first-page":"271","volume-title":"Advances in Pharmacology","author":"P Caron","year":"1994","unstructured":"Caron, P. & Wang, J. C. Advances in Pharmacology (ed. Liu, L. F.) 271\u2013297 (Academic, San Diego, 1994)."},{"key":"BF379225a0_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/0263-7855(87)80010-3","volume":"5","author":"M Carson","year":"1987","unstructured":"Carson, M. J. molec. Graphics 5, 103\u2013106 (1987).","journal-title":"J. molec. Graphics"},{"key":"BF379225a0_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1002\/prot.340110407","volume":"11","author":"A Nicholls","year":"1991","unstructured":"Nicholls, A., Sharp, K. A. & Honig, B. H. Proteins Struct. Funct. Genet. 11, 281\u2013296 (1991).","journal-title":"Proteins Struct. Funct. Genet."}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1038\/380179a0","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[1996,3,14]],"date-time":"1996-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":826761600000}}],"container-title":["Nature"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/379225a0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/379225a0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/379225a0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,17]],"date-time":"2023-05-17T02:24:21Z","timestamp":1684290261000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/379225a0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1996,1,18]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6562","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,1,18]]}},"alternative-id":["BF379225a0"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/379225a0","relation":{"correction":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1038\/380179a0","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0028-0836","1476-4687"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0028-0836","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-4687","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1996,1,18]]}}}