{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T13:30:02Z","timestamp":1791293402458,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6884","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,5,1]],"date-time":"2002-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1020211200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nature"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,5]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/417091a","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T08:56:51Z","timestamp":1027673811000},"page":"91-94","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":288,"title":["Neutrophil elastase targets virulence factors of enterobacteria"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"417","author":[{"given":"Yvette","family":"Weinrauch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Doreen","family":"Drujan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven D.","family":"Shapiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jerrold","family":"Weiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arturo","family":"Zychlinsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"BF417091a_CR1","first-page":"651","volume":"77","author":"KL Kotloff","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kotloff, K. L. et al. Global burden of Shigella infections: implications for vaccine development and implementation of control strategies. Bull. World Health Org. 77, 651\u2013666 (1999).","journal-title":"Bull. World Health Org."},{"key":"BF417091a_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.180.4.1307","volume":"180","author":"OJ Perdomo","year":"1994","unstructured":"Perdomo, O. J. et al. Acute inflammation causes epithelial invasion and mucosal destruction in experimental shigellosis. J. Exp. Med. 180, 1307\u20131319 (1994).","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"BF417091a_CR3","first-page":"721","volume-title":"Inflammation: Basic Principles and Clinical Correlates","author":"SJ Klebanoff","year":"1999","unstructured":"Klebanoff, S. J. in Inflammation: Basic Principles and Clinical Correlates (eds Gallin, J. I. & Snyderman, R.) 721\u2013768 (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, 1999)."},{"key":"BF417091a_CR4","first-page":"801","volume-title":"Inflammation: Basic Principles and Clinical Correlates","author":"P Elsbach","year":"1999","unstructured":"Elsbach, P., Weiss, J. & Levy, O. in Inflammation: Basic Principles and Clinical Correlates (eds Gallin, J. J. & Snyderman, R.) 801\u2013817 (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, 1999)."},{"key":"BF417091a_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.65.1.110-115.1997","volume":"65","author":"I Mandic-Mulec","year":"1997","unstructured":"Mandic-Mulec, I., Weiss, J. & Zychlinsky, A. Shigella flexneri is trapped in polymorphnuclear leukocyte vacuoles and efficiently killed. Infect. Immun. 65, 110\u2013115 (1997).","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"BF417091a_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1128\/MR.55.2.206-224.1991","volume":"55","author":"TL Hale","year":"1991","unstructured":"Hale, T. L. Genetic basis of virulence in Shigella species. Microbiol. Rev. 55, 206\u2013224 (1991).","journal-title":"Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"BF417091a_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.micro.54.1.735","volume":"54","author":"GR Cornelis","year":"2000","unstructured":"Cornelis, G. R. & Van Gijsegem, F. Assembly and function of type III secretory systems. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 54, 735\u2013774 (2000).","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"BF417091a_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30874","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.52.30874","volume":"270","author":"T Suzuki","year":"1995","unstructured":"Suzuki, T., Lett, M. C. & Sasakawa, C. Extracellular transport of VirG protein in Shigella. J. Biol. Chem. 270, 30874\u201330880 (1995).","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"BF417091a_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4005","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.65.10.4005-4010.1997","volume":"65","author":"FK Bahrani","year":"1997","unstructured":"Bahrani, F. K., Sansonetti, P. J. & Parsot, C. Secretion of Ipa proteins by Shigella flexneri: inducer molecules and kinetics of activation. Infect. Immun. 65, 4005\u20134010 (1997).","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"BF417091a_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.65.2.137","volume":"65","author":"CA Owen","year":"1999","unstructured":"Owen, C. A. & Campbell, E. J. The cell biology of leukocyte-mediated proteolysis. J. Leukoc. Biol. 65, 137\u2013150 (1999).","journal-title":"J. Leukoc. Biol."},{"key":"BF417091a_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2961","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.143.9.2961","volume":"143","author":"EJ Campbell","year":"1989","unstructured":"Campbell, E. J., Silverman, E. K. & Campbell, M. A. Elastase and cathepsin G of human monocytes. Quantification of cellular content, release in response to stimuli, and heterogeneity in elastase-mediated proteolytic activity. J. Immunol. 143, 2961\u20132968 (1989).","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"BF417091a_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3173","DOI":"10.1021\/jm970250z","volume":"40","author":"CA Veale","year":"1997","unstructured":"Veale, C. A. et al. Orally active trifluoromethyl ketone inhibitors of human leukocyte elastase. J. Med. Chem. 40, 3173\u20133181 (1997).","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"BF417091a_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1998.0108","volume":"254","author":"CD Wright","year":"1999","unstructured":"Wright, C. D., Kennedy, J. A., Zitnik, R. J. & Kashem, M. A. Inhibition of murine neutrophil serine proteinases by human and murine secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 254, 614\u2013617 (1999).","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"BF417091a_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1126\/science.289.5482.1185","volume":"289","author":"A Belaaouaj","year":"2000","unstructured":"Belaaouaj, A., Kim, K. S. & Shapiro, S. D. Degradation of outer membrane protein A in Escherichia coli killing by neutrophil elastase. Science 289, 1185\u20131188 (2000).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BF417091a_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.65.3.978-985.1997","volume":"65","author":"A Panyutich","year":"1997","unstructured":"Panyutich, A., Shi, J., Boutz, P. L., Zhao, C. & Ganz, T. Porcine polymorphonuclear leukocytes generate extracellular microbicidal activity by elastase-mediated activation of secreted proprotegrins. Infect. Immun. 65, 978\u2013985 (1997).","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"BF417091a_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3876","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/19.15.3876","volume":"19","author":"K Tamano","year":"2000","unstructured":"Tamano, K. et al. Supramolecular structure of the Shigella type III secretion machinery: the needle part is changeable in length and essential for delivery of effectors. EMBO J. 19, 3876\u20133887 (2000).","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"BF417091a_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2001.02200.x","volume":"39","author":"A Blocker","year":"2001","unstructured":"Blocker, A. et al. Structure and composition of the Shigella flexneri \u2018needle complex\u2019, a part of its type III secreton. Mol. Microbiol. 39, 652\u2013663 (2001).","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"BF417091a_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1038\/35074106","volume":"410","author":"F Hayashi","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hayashi, F. et al. The innate immune response to bacterial flagellin is mediated by Toll-like receptor 5. Nature 410, 1099\u20131103 (2001).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BF417091a_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3556","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.60.9.3556-3565.1992","volume":"60","author":"PB Eisenhauer","year":"1992","unstructured":"Eisenhauer, P. B., Harwig, S. S. & Lehrer, R. I. Cryptdins: Antimicrobial defensins of the murine small intestine. Infect. Immun. 60, 3556\u20133565 (1992).","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"BF417091a_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.3.1289-1296.2000","volume":"68","author":"M Francois","year":"2000","unstructured":"Francois, M., Le Cabec, V., Dupont, M. A., Sansonetti, P. J. & Maridonneau-Parini, I. Induction of necrosis in human neutrophils by Shigella flexneri requires type III secretion, IpaB and IpaC invasins, and actin polymerization. Infect. Immun. 68, 1289\u20131296 (2000).","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"BF417091a_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.1997.4901850.x","volume":"25","author":"MJ Pallen","year":"1997","unstructured":"Pallen, M. J., Dougan, G. & Frankel, G. Coiled-coil domains in proteins secreted by type III secretion systems. Mol. Microbiol. 25, 423\u2013425 (1997).","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"BF417091a_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.1999.01651.x","volume":"34","author":"EA Miao","year":"1999","unstructured":"Miao, E. A. et al. leucine-rich repeat proteins are targeted to the SPI1 and SPI2 type III secretion systems. Mol. Microbiol. 34, 850\u2013864 (1999).","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"BF417091a_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5899","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.175.18.5899-5906.1993","volume":"175","author":"R Menard","year":"1993","unstructured":"Menard, R., Sansonetti, P. J. & Parsot, C. Nonpolar mutagenesis of the ipa genes defines IpaB, IpaC, and IpaD as effectors of Shigella flexneri entry into epithelial cells. J. Bacteriol. 175, 5899\u20135906 (1993).","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"BF417091a_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2664","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)40872-6","volume":"253","author":"J Weiss","year":"1978","unstructured":"Weiss, J., Elsbach, P., Olsson, I. & Odeberg, H. Purification and characterization of a potent bactericidal and membrane active protein from the granules of human polymorphonucelar leukocytes. J. Biol. Chem. 253, 2664\u20132672 (1978).","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"BF417091a_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1619","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.1999.01270.x","volume":"31","author":"VT Lee","year":"1999","unstructured":"Lee, V. T. & Schneewind, O. Type III machines of pathogenic Yersiniae secrete virulence factors into the extracellular milieu. Mol. Microbiol. 31, 1619\u20131629 (1999).","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"BF417091a_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.63.2.729-732.1995","volume":"63","author":"CC Ginocchio","year":"1995","unstructured":"Ginocchio, C. C. & Galan, J. E. Functional conservation among members of the Salmonella typhimurium InvA family of proteins. Infect. Immun. 63, 729\u2013732 (1995).","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"BF417091a_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.64.3.322","volume":"64","author":"YI Huang","year":"1998","unstructured":"Huang, Y. I. et al. Effect of trifluoromethyl ketone-based elastase inhibitors on neutrophil function in vitro. J. Leukoc. Biol. 64, 322\u2013330 (1998).","journal-title":"J. Leukoc. Biol."},{"key":"BF417091a_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI111947","volume":"76","author":"J Weiss","year":"1985","unstructured":"Weiss, J., Kao, L., Victor, M. & Elsbach, P. Oxygen-independent intracellular and oxygen-dependent extracellular killing of Escherichia coli S15 by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. J. Clin. Invest. 76, 206\u2013212 (1985).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"BF417091a_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1471","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.3.1471-1480.1999","volume":"67","author":"PJ Sansonetti","year":"1999","unstructured":"Sansonetti, P. J., Arondel, J., Huerre, M., Harada, A. & Matsushima, K. Interleukin-8 controls bacterial transepithelial translocation at the cost of epithelial destruction in experimental shigellosis. Infect. Immun. 67, 1471\u20131480 (1999).","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"BF417091a_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1687","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.61.5.1687-1693.1993","volume":"61","author":"A Gbarah","year":"1993","unstructured":"Gbarah, A. et al. Shigella flexneri transformants expressing type 1 (mannose-specific) fimbriae bind to, activate, and are killed by phagocytic cells. Infect. Immun. 61, 1687\u20131693 (1993).","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."}],"container-title":["Nature"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/417091a.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/417091a","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/417091a.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,18]],"date-time":"2023-05-18T00:31:00Z","timestamp":1684369860000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/417091a"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,5]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6884","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,5]]}},"alternative-id":["BF417091a"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/417091a","relation":{},"ISSN":["0028-0836","1476-4687"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0028-0836","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-4687","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,5]]}}}