{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T16:48:30Z","timestamp":1777135710382,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6636","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1997,6,26]],"date-time":"1997-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":867283200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[1997,6,26]],"date-time":"1997-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":867283200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nature"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,6,26]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/43174","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T08:35:11Z","timestamp":1027672511000},"page":"897-900","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":536,"title":["Effects of sea-ice extent and krill or salp dominance on the Antarctic food web"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"387","author":[{"given":"V.","family":"Loeb","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Siegel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"O.","family":"Holm-Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Hewitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W.","family":"Fraser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W.","family":"Trivelpiece","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Trivelpiece","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"BF43174_CR1","first-page":"33","volume":"32","author":"JWS Marr","year":"1962","unstructured":"Marr, J. W. S. The natural history and geography of the Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba Dana). Discovery Rep. 32, 33\u2013464 (1962).","journal-title":"Discovery Rep."},{"key":"BF43174_CR2","first-page":"95","volume":"36","author":"NA Mackintosh","year":"1973","unstructured":"Mackintosh, N. A. Distribution of post-larval krill in the Antarctic. Discovery Rep. 36, 95\u2013156 (1973).","journal-title":"Discovery Rep."},{"key":"BF43174_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1093\/icb\/31.1.49","volume":"31","author":"LB Quetin","year":"1991","unstructured":"Quetin, L. B. & Ross, R. M. Behavioral and physiological characteristics of the Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba. Am. Zool. 31, 49\u201363 (1991).","journal-title":"Am. Zool."},{"key":"BF43174_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-78711-9_11","volume-title":"Antarctic Science: Global Concerns","author":"S Nicol","year":"1994","unstructured":"Nicol, S. in Antarctic Science: Global Concerns (ed. Hempel, G.) 144\u2013166 (Springer, Berlin, (1994))."},{"key":"BF43174_CR5","first-page":"287","volume-title":"Southern Ocean Ecology: The BIOMASS Perspective","author":"K-H Kock","year":"1994","unstructured":"Kock, K.-H. & Shimadzu, Y. in Southern Ocean Ecology: The BIOMASS Perspective (ed. El-Sayed, S. Z.) 287\u2013312 (Cambridge Univ. Press, (1994))."},{"key":"BF43174_CR6","first-page":"267","volume-title":"Southern Ocean Ecology: The BIOMASS Perspective","author":"HJ Marchant","year":"1994","unstructured":"Marchant, H. J. & Murphy, E. J. in Southern Ocean Ecology: The BIOMASS Perspective (ed. El-Sayed, S. Z.) 267\u2013285 (Cambridge Univ. Press, (1994))."},{"key":"BF43174_CR7","first-page":"1","volume":"34","author":"P Foxton","year":"1966","unstructured":"Foxton, P. The distribution and life-history of Salpa thompsoni Foxton with observations on a related species, Salpa gerlachei Foxton. Discovery Rep. 34, 1\u2013116 (1966).","journal-title":"Discovery Rep."},{"key":"BF43174_CR8","first-page":"221","volume":"40","author":"BE Casareto","year":"1986","unstructured":"Casareto, B. E. & Nemoto, T. Salps of the Southern Ocean (Australian sector) during the 1983\u201384 summer, with special reference ot the species Salpa thompsoni, Foxton 1961. Mem. Natl Inst. Polar Res. (Spec. issue) 40, 221\u2013239 (1986).","journal-title":"Mem. Natl Inst. Polar Res. (Spec. issue)"},{"key":"BF43174_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00236121","volume":"15","author":"J Nishikawa","year":"1995","unstructured":"Nishikawa, J. et al. Distribution of salps near the South Shetland Islands during austral summer, 1990\u20131991 with special reference to krill distribution. Polar Biol. 15, 31\u201339 (1995).","journal-title":"Polar Biol."},{"key":"BF43174_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5962\/bhl.title.141868","volume-title":"Fishes of the Southern Ocean","author":"O Gon","year":"1990","unstructured":"Gon, O. & Heemstra, C. Fishes of the Southern Ocean (J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, (1990))."},{"key":"BF43174_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.3354\/meps123045","volume":"123","author":"V Siegel","year":"1995","unstructured":"Siegel, V. & Loeb, V. Recruitment of Antarctic krill Euphausia superba and possible causes for its variability. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 123, 45\u201356 (1995).","journal-title":"Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser."},{"key":"BF43174_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00237945","volume":"11","author":"WR Fraser","year":"1992","unstructured":"Fraser, W. R., Trivelpiece, W. Z., Ainely, D. G. & Trivelpiece, S. G. Increases in Antarctic penguin populations: reduced competition with whales or a loss of sea ice due to global warming? Polar Biol. 11, 525\u2013531 (1992).","journal-title":"Polar Biol."},{"key":"BF43174_CR13","first-page":"257","volume-title":"(eds Ross, R. M., Hofmann, E. E. & Quetin, L. B.).","author":"WR Fraser","year":"1996","unstructured":"Fraser, W. R. & Trivelpiece, W. Z. in Foundations for Ecological Research West of the Antarctic Peninsula (eds Ross, R. M., Hofmann, E. E. & Quetin, L. B.). American Geophysical Union Research Series 70, 257\u2013272 (1996)."},{"key":"BF43174_CR14","unstructured":"Siegel, V., de la Mare, W. & Loeb, V. Longterm monitoring of krill recruitment and abundance indices in the Elephant Island Area (Antarctic Peninsula). CCAMLR Science (in the press)."},{"key":"BF43174_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00397966","volume":"96","author":"V Siegel","year":"1987","unstructured":"Siegel, V. Age and growth of Antarctic euphausiacea (Crustacea) under natural conditions. Mar. Biol. 96, 483\u2013495 (1987).","journal-title":"Mar. Biol."},{"key":"BF43174_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1093\/plankt\/16.7.809","volume":"16","author":"L Fortier","year":"1994","unstructured":"Fortier, L., L\u00e8 Fevre, J. & Legendre, L. Export of biogenic carbon to fish and to the deep ocean: the role of large planktonic microphages. J. Plankton Res. 16, 809\u2013839 (1994).","journal-title":"J. Plankton Res."},{"key":"BF43174_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-84074-6_10","volume-title":"Antarctic Ecosystems: Ecological Change and Conservation","author":"V Smetacek","year":"1990","unstructured":"Smetacek, V., Scharek, R. & N\u00f6thig, E.-M. in Antarctic Ecosystems: Ecological Change and Conservation (eds Kerry, K. R. & Hempel. G.) 103\u2013114 (Springer, Berlin, (1990))."},{"key":"BF43174_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00238291","volume":"10","author":"ME Huntley","year":"1989","unstructured":"Huntley, M. E., Sykes, P. F. & Marin, V. Biometry and trophodynamics of Salpa thompsoni Foxton (Tunicata: Thaliacea) near the Antarctic Peninsula in austral summer, 1983\u20131984. Polar Biol. 10, 59\u201370 (1989).","journal-title":"Polar Biol."},{"key":"BF43174_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1093\/plankt\/9.5.973","volume":"9","author":"LH Weber","year":"1987","unstructured":"Weber, L. H. & El-Sayed, S. Z. Contributions of the net, nano- and picoplankton to the phytoplankton standing crop and primary productivity in the Southern Ocean. J. Plankton Res. 9, 973\u2013994 (1987).","journal-title":"J. Plankton Res."},{"key":"BF43174_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1002\/joc.3370140402","volume":"14","author":"JC King","year":"1994","unstructured":"King, J. C. Recent climate variability in the vicinity of the antarctic peninsula. Int. J. Climatol. 14, 357\u2013369 (1994).","journal-title":"Int. J. Climatol."},{"key":"BF43174_CR21","first-page":"105","volume-title":"(eds Ross, R. M., Hofmann, E. E. & Quetin, L. B.)","author":"RC Smith","year":"1996","unstructured":"Smith, R. C., Stammerjohn, S. E. & Baker, K. S. in Foundations for Ecological Research West of the Antarctic Peninsula (eds Ross, R. M., Hofmann, E. E. & Quetin, L. B.) AGU Res. Ser. 70, 105\u2013122 (1996)."},{"key":"BF43174_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1477-8696.1994.tb06016.x","volume":"49","author":"P Stark","year":"1994","unstructured":"Stark, P. Climatic warming in the central Antarctic Peninsula area. Weather 49, 215\u2013220 (1994).","journal-title":"Weather"},{"key":"BF43174_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-73724-4_19","volume-title":"Antarctic Ocean and Resources Variability","author":"V Siegel","year":"1988","unstructured":"Siegel, V. in Antarctic Ocean and Resources Variability (ed. Sahrhage, D.) 219\u2013230 (Springer, Berlin, (1988))."},{"key":"BF43174_CR24","unstructured":"Trivelpiece, W. Z. & Trivelpiece, S. G. The impact of global warming on Antarctica's krill-dependent predator populations. Ecology (submitted)."},{"key":"BF43174_CR25","first-page":"81","volume-title":"(eds Ross, R. M., Hofmann, E. E. & Quetin, L. B.)","author":"SE Stammerjohn","year":"1996","unstructured":"Stammerjohn, S. E. & Smith, R. C. in Foundations for Ecological Research West of the Antarctic Peninsula (eds Ross, R. M., Hofmann, E. E. & Quetin, L. B.) AGU Res. Ser. 70, 81\u2013104 (1996)."},{"key":"BF43174_CR26","unstructured":"CCAMLR Report of the Fifteenth Meeting of the Scientific Committee. SC-CCAMLR-XV (Commiss. Conserv. Antarc. Mar. Living Resources, Hobar, Tasmania, Hobar(1996))."},{"key":"BF43174_CR27","first-page":"55","volume":"1","author":"WK de la Mare","year":"1994","unstructured":"de la Mare, W. K. Estimating krill recruitment and its variability. CCAMLR Sci. 1, 55\u201369 (1994).","journal-title":"CCAMLR Sci."},{"key":"BF43174_CR28","first-page":"1","volume":"3","author":"U Kils","year":"1981","unstructured":"Kils, U. Swimming behaviour, swimming performance, and energy balance of Antarctic krill Euphausia superba. BIOMASS Sci. Ser. 3, 1\u2013233 (1981).","journal-title":"BIOMASS Sci. Ser."},{"key":"BF43174_CR29","unstructured":"National Snow and Ice Data Center, University of Colorado at Boulder (nsidc@kryos.colorado.edu)."},{"key":"BF43174_CR30","unstructured":"Hewitt, R. P. Areal and seasonal extent of sea ice cover off the northwestern side of the Antarctic Peninsula: 1979 through 1996. CCAMLR Sci. (in the press)."}],"container-title":["Nature"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/43174.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/43174","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/doifinder\/10.1038\/43174","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/43174.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,26]],"date-time":"2024-02-26T18:14:08Z","timestamp":1708971248000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/43174"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1997,6,26]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6636","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,6,26]]}},"alternative-id":["BF43174"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/43174","relation":{},"ISSN":["0028-0836","1476-4687"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0028-0836","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-4687","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1997,6,26]]}}}