{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,10]],"date-time":"2026-01-10T01:11:02Z","timestamp":1768007462277,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1999,1,1]],"date-time":"1999-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":915148800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nat Neurosci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,1]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/4576","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T08:45:45Z","timestamp":1027673145000},"page":"74-78","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":252,"title":["Associative learning modifies neural representations of odors in the insect brain"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Till","family":"Faber","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jasdan","family":"Joerges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Randolf","family":"Menzel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"BFnn0199_74_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1038\/377155a0","volume":"377","author":"A Karni","year":"1995","unstructured":"Karni, A. et al. Functional MRI evidence for adult motor cortex plasticity during motor skill learning. Nature 377, 155\u2013 158 (1995).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnn0199_74_CR2","first-page":"1031","volume":"67","author":"GH Recanzone","year":"1992","unstructured":"Recanzone, G. H. et al. Topographic reorganization of the hand representation in cortical area 3b of owl monkeys trained in a frequency\u2013discrimination task. J. Neurosci. 67, 1031\u2013 1056 (1992).","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFnn0199_74_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1126\/science.277.5327.821","volume":"277","author":"R Shadmehr","year":"1997","unstructured":"Shadmehr, R. & Holcomb, H. H. Neural correlates of motor memory consolidation. Science 277, 821\u2013 825 (1997).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFnn0199_74_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(98)00182-1","volume":"3","author":"PA Brennan","year":"1998","unstructured":"Brennan, P. A. et al. Changes in neurotransmitter release in the main olfactory bulb following an olfactory conditioning procedure in mice. Neuroscience 3, 583\u2013590 ( 1998).","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"BFnn0199_74_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8351520","volume":"261","author":"MA Wilson","year":"1993","unstructured":"Wilson, M. A. & McNaughton, B. L. Dynamics of the hippocampal ensemble code for space. Science 261, 1055 \u20131058 (1993).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFnn0199_74_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1038\/37601","volume":"390","author":"TR Rogan","year":"1997","unstructured":"Rogan, T. R., St\u00e4ubli, U. V. & LeDoux, J. E. Fear conditioning induces associative long\u2013term potentiation in the amygdala. Nature 390, 604\u2013610 (1997).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnn0199_74_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1995.74.2.733","volume":"74","author":"G Schoenbaum","year":"1995","unstructured":"Schoenbaum, G. & Eichenbaum, H. Information coding in the rodent prefrontal cortex. I. single\u2013neuron activity in orbitofrontal cortex compared with that in pyriform cortex. J. Neurophysiol. 74, 733\u2013750 (1995).","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"BFnn0199_74_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6294833","volume":"219","author":"RD Hawkins","year":"1983","unstructured":"Hawkins, R. D., Abrams, T. W., Carew, T. J. & Kandel, E. R. A cellular mechanism of classical conditioning in Aplysia: activity\u2013dependent amplification of presynaptic facilitation. Science 219, 400\u2013405 (1983).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFnn0199_74_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1993.69.2.609","volume":"69","author":"J Mauelshagen","year":"1993","unstructured":"Mauelshagen, J. Neural correlates of olfactory learning paradigms in an identified neuron in the honeybee brain. J. Neurophysiol. 69, 609\u2013625 (1993).","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"BFnn0199_74_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1038\/366059a0","volume":"366","author":"M Hammer","year":"1993","unstructured":"Hammer, M. An identified neuron mediates the unconditioned stimulus in associative olfactory learning in honeybees. Nature 366, 59\u2013 63 (1993).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnn0199_74_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1038\/387285a0","volume":"387","author":"J Joerges","year":"1997","unstructured":"Joerges, J., K\u00fcttner, A., Galizia, G. & Menzel, R. Representations of odours and odour mixtures visualized in the honeybee brain. Nature 387, 285\u2013288 (1997).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnn0199_74_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.20.1.595","volume":"20","author":"JG Hildebrand","year":"1997","unstructured":"Hildebrand, J. G. & Shepherd, G. M. Mechanisms of olfactory discrimination: converging evidence for common principles across phyla. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 20, 595\u2013 631 (1997).","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFnn0199_74_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2964","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.1998.00303.x","volume":"10","author":"CG Galizia","year":"1998","unstructured":"Galizia, C. G., N\u00e4gler, K., H\u00f6lldobler, B. & Menzel, R. Odour coding is billaterally symmetrical in the antennal lobes of honeybees (Apis mellifera). Eur. J. Neurosci. 10, 2964\u20132974 (1998).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFnn0199_74_CR14","first-page":"107","volume":"97","author":"ME Bitterman","year":"1983","unstructured":"Bitterman, M. E., Menzel, R., Fietz, A. & Sch\u00e4fer, S. Classical conditioning of proboscis extension in the honeybees (Apis mellifera). J. Comp. Physiol. 97, 107\u2013 119 (1983).","journal-title":"J. Comp. Physiol."},{"key":"BFnn0199_74_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ne.19.030196.002115","volume":"19","author":"R Menzel","year":"1996","unstructured":"Menzel, R. & M\u00fcller, U. Learning and memory in honeybees: From behavior to neural substrates. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 19, 379\u2013404 (1996).","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFnn0199_74_CR16","unstructured":"Galizia, G., McIlwrath, S. L. & Menzel, R. A digital 3D atlas of the honeybee antennal lobe based on optical sections acquired using confocal microscopy. Cell Tissue Res. (in press)."},{"key":"BFnn0199_74_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-1047(05)80019-6","volume":"62","author":"M Hammer","year":"1994","unstructured":"Hammer, M., Braun, G. & Mauelshagen, J. Food induced arousal and nonassociative learning in honeybees: dependence of sensitization on the application site and duration of food stimulation. Behav. Neural Biol. 62, 210\u2013223 (1994).","journal-title":"Behav. Neural Biol."},{"key":"BFnn0199_74_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1910(87)90115-6","volume":"33","author":"V Rehder","year":"1987","unstructured":"Rehder, V. Quantification of the honeybee's proboscis reflex by electromyographic recordings. J. Insect Physiol. 33, 501\u2013 507 (1987).","journal-title":"J. Insect Physiol."},{"key":"BFnn0199_74_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.161.1.367","volume":"161","author":"B Smith","year":"1991","unstructured":"Smith, B. The olfactory memory in the honeybee apis mellifera I. odorant modulation of short\u2013 and intermediate\u2013term memory after single\u2013trial conditioning. J. Exp. Biol. 161, 367\u2013 382 (1991).","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"BFnn0199_74_CR20","first-page":"64","volume-title":"Classical conditioning II Theory and Research","author":"RA Rescorla","year":"1972","unstructured":"Rescorla, R. A. & Wagner, A. R. in Classical conditioning II Theory and Research (eds Black, A. H. & Prolcasy, W. F.) 64\u201399 (Appleton\u2013Century\u2013Crafts, New York, 1972)."},{"key":"BFnn0199_74_CR21","first-page":"237","volume-title":"Neurobiology of Comparative Cognition","author":"R Menzel","year":"1990","unstructured":"Menzel, R. in Neurobiology of Comparative Cognition (eds Kesner, R. P. & Olton, D. S.) 237\u2013292 (Lawrence Erlbaum, Hillsdale, New Jersey, 1990)."},{"key":"BFnn0199_74_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1617","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.15-03-01617.1995","volume":"15","author":"M Hammer","year":"1995","unstructured":"Hammer, M. & Menzel, R. Learning and memory in the honeybee. J. Neurosci. 15, 1617\u2013 1630 (1995).","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFnn0199_74_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-7322(89)90023-8","volume":"18","author":"D Flanagan","year":"1989","unstructured":"Flanagan, D. & Mercer, A. R. An atlas and 3\u2013D reconstruction of the antennal lobes in the worker honey bee. Int. J. Insect Morphol. Embryol. 18, 145\u2013159 ( 1989).","journal-title":"Int. J. Insect Morphol. Embryol."},{"key":"BFnn0199_74_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ne.16.030193.003205","volume":"16","author":"RD Hawkins","year":"1993","unstructured":"Hawkins, R. D., Kandel, E. R. & Siegelbaum, S. A. Learning to modulate transmitter release: themes and variations in synaptic plasticity. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 16, 626\u2013665 (1993).","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFnn0199_74_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1038\/375682a0","volume":"375","author":"R Yuste","year":"1995","unstructured":"Yuste, R. & Denk, W. Dendritic spines as basic functional units of neuronal integration. Nature 375, 682\u2013684 (1995).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnn0199_74_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-4328(97)83331-1","volume":"84","author":"C Linster","year":"1997","unstructured":"Linster, C. & Hasselmo, M. Modulation of inhibition in a model of olfactory bulb reduces overlap in the neural representation of olfactory stimuli. Behav. Brain Res. 84, 117\u2013 127 (1997).","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"BFnn0199_74_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1872","DOI":"10.1126\/science.265.5180.1872","volume":"265","author":"G Laurent","year":"1994","unstructured":"Laurent, G. & Davidowitz, H. Encoding of olfactory information with oscillating neural assemblies. Science 265, 1872\u20131875 (1994).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFnn0199_74_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3837","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.16-12-03837.1996","volume":"16","author":"G Laurent","year":"1996","unstructured":"Laurent, G., Wehr, M. & Davidowitz, H. Temporal representations of odors in an olfactory network. J. Neurosci. 16, 3837\u2013 3847 (1996).","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFnn0199_74_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1038\/36335","volume":"390","author":"M Stopfer","year":"1997","unstructured":"Stopfer, M., Bhagavan, S., Smith, B. H. & Laurent, G. Impaired odour discrimination on desynchronization of odour\u2013encoding neural assemblies. Nature 390, 70\u2013 74 (1997).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnn0199_74_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(93)90266-T","volume":"11","author":"RL Davis","year":"1993","unstructured":"Davis, R. L. Mushroom bodies and drosophila learning. Neuron 11, 1\u201314 (1993).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"BFnn0199_74_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8303280","volume":"263","author":"JS de Belle","year":"1994","unstructured":"de Belle, J. S. & Heisenberg, M. Associative odor learning in Drosophila abolished by chemical ablation of mushroom bodies. Science 263, 692\u2013 695 (1994).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFnn0199_74_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3109\/01677068509100140","volume":"2","author":"M Heisenberg","year":"1985","unstructured":"Heisenberg, M., Borst, A., Wagner, S. & Byers, D. Drosophila mushroom body mutants are deficient in olfactory learning. J. Neurogenet. 2, 1\u201330 (1985 ).","journal-title":"J. Neurogenet."},{"key":"BFnn0199_74_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2104","DOI":"10.1126\/science.274.5295.2104","volume":"275","author":"JB Connolly","year":"1996","unstructured":"Connolly, J. B. et al. Associative learning disrupted by impaired Gs signaling in Drosophila mushroom bodies. Science 275, 2104\u20132107 (1996).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFnn0199_74_CR34","first-page":"81","volume":"39","author":"R Menzel","year":"1994","unstructured":"Menzel, R. et al. The mushroom bodies in the honeybee: From molecules to behavior. Fortschritte Zoologie 39, 81\u2013 102 (1994).","journal-title":"Fortschritte Zoologie"},{"key":"BFnn0199_74_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1101\/lm.5.1.146","volume":"5","author":"M Hammer","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hammer, M. & Menzel, R. Multiple sites of associative odor learning as revealed by local brain microinjections of octopamin in honeybees. Learn. Mem. 5, 146\u2013156 (1998).","journal-title":"Learn. Mem."},{"key":"BFnn0199_74_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0270(97)00080-0","volume":"76","author":"GC Galizia","year":"1997","unstructured":"Galizia, G. C. et al. A semi\u2013in\u2013vivo preparation for optical recording of the insect brain. J. Neurosci. Methods 76, 61\u201369 (1997).","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Methods"}],"container-title":["Nature Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nn0199_74.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nn0199_74","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nn0199_74.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,19]],"date-time":"2023-05-19T00:25:34Z","timestamp":1684455934000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nn0199_74"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,1]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,1]]}},"alternative-id":["BFnn0199_74"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/4576","relation":{},"ISSN":["1097-6256","1546-1726"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1097-6256","type":"print"},{"value":"1546-1726","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,1]]}}}