{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T03:40:30Z","timestamp":1791171630869,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1998,6,1]],"date-time":"1998-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":896659200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[1998,6,1]],"date-time":"1998-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":896659200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nat Genet"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,6]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/520","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T08:32:58Z","timestamp":1027672378000},"page":"162-166","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":766,"title":["Impaired stress response and reduced anxiety in mice lacking a functional corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 1"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Peter","family":"Timpl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rainer","family":"Spanagel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Inge","family":"Sillaber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adelheid","family":"Kresse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes M. H. M.","family":"Reul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G\u00fcnter K.","family":"Stalla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veronique","family":"Blanquet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Steckler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florian","family":"Holsboer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Wurst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"BFng0698_162_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1994.tb19819.x","volume":"739","author":"F Menzaghi","year":"1994","unstructured":"Menzaghi, F. et al. The role of corticotropin-releasing factor in the anxiogenic effects of ethanol withdrawal. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 739, 176 \u2013184 (1994).","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"BFng0698_162_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5439","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.15-08-05439.1995","volume":"15","author":"EM Pich","year":"1995","unstructured":"Pich, E.M. et al. Increase of extracellular corticotropin-releasing factor-like immunoreactivity levels in the amygdala of awake rats during restraint stress and ethanol withdrawal as measured by microdialysis. J. Neurosci. 15, 5439\u20135447 (1995).","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFng0698_162_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(93)80427-V","volume":"335","author":"N Vita","year":"1993","unstructured":"Vita, N. et al. Primary structure and functional expression of mouse pituitary and human brain corticotrophin releasing factor receptors. FEBS Lett. 335, 1\u20135 (1993).","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"BFng0698_162_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1108","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.4.1108","volume":"92","author":"T Kishimoto","year":"1995","unstructured":"Kishimoto, T Pearse, R.V. Lin C.R. Rosenfeld, M.G. A sauvagine\/corticotropin-releasing factor receptor expressed in heart and skeletal muscle. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92, 1108\u20131112 (1995","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"BFng0698_162_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6340","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.15-10-06340.1995","volume":"15","author":"DT Chalmers","year":"1995","unstructured":"Chalmers, D.T. Lovenberg, T.W. De Souza, E.B. Localization of novel corticotropin-releasing factor receptor (CRF2) mRNA expression to specific subcortical nuclei in rat brain: comparison with CRF1 receptor mRNA expression. J. Neurosci. 15, 6340\u20136350 (1995).","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFng0698_162_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4530(95)00011-9","volume":"20","author":"EB De Souza","year":"1995","unstructured":"De Souza, E.B. Corticotropin-releasing factor receptors: physiology, pharmacology, biochemistry and role in central nervous system and immune disorders. Psychoneuroendocrinol. 20, 789\u2013819 (1995).","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinol."},{"key":"BFng0698_162_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4899-2064-5_7","volume":"245","author":"G Aguilera","year":"1988","unstructured":"Aguilera, G. Abou-Samra, A.B. Harwood, J.P. Catt, K.J. Corticotropin releasing factor receptors: characterization and actions in the anterior pituitary gland. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 245, 83\u2013106 (1988).","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol"},{"key":"BFng0698_162_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-113-2-657","volume":"113","author":"LM Bilezikjian","year":"1983","unstructured":"Bilezikjian L.M. Vale, W.W. Glucocorticoids inhibit corticotropin-releasing factor-induced production of adenosine 3\u00b4,5\u00b4-monophosphate in cultured anterior pituitary cells. Endocrinol. 113, 657\u2013662 (1983).","journal-title":"Endocrinol."},{"key":"BFng0698_162_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1394","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6267699","volume":"213","author":"W Vale","year":"1981","unstructured":"Vale,W. Spiess, J. Rivier, C. Rivier, J. Characterization of a 41-residue ovine hypothalamic peptide that stimulates secretion of corticotropin and beta-endorphin. Science 213, 1394\u20131397 (1981).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFng0698_162_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(08)64586-0","volume":"93","author":"F Holsboer","year":"1992","unstructured":"Holsboer, F. Spengler, D. Heuser, I. The role of corticotropin-releasing hormone in the pathogenesis of Cushing's disease, anorexia nervosa, alcoholism, affective disorders and dementia. Prog. Brain Res. 93, 385\u2013416 (1992).","journal-title":"Prog. Brain Res."},{"key":"BFng0698_162_CR11","first-page":"425","volume":"43","author":"MJ Owens","year":"1991","unstructured":"Owens, M.J. Nemeroff, C.B. Physiology and pharmacology of corticotropin-releasing factor. Pharmacol. Rev. 43, 425\u2013473 (1991).","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Rev."},{"key":"BFng0698_162_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902850402","volume":"285","author":"LW Swanson","year":"1989","unstructured":"Swanson, L.W. Simmons, D.M. Differential steroid hormone and neural influences on peptide mRNA levels in CRH cells of the paraventricular nucleus: a hybridization histochemical study in the rat. J. Comp. Neurol.  285, 413\u2013435 ( 1989).","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"BFng0698_162_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1608","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.9.13.1608","volume":"9","author":"TJ Cole","year":"1995","unstructured":"Cole, T.J. et al. Targeted disruption of the glucocorticoid receptor gene blocks adrenergic chromaffin cell development and severely retards lung maturation. Genes Dev. 9, 1608\u20131621 (1995).","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"BFng0698_162_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1987.sp016683","volume":"390","author":"AV Edwards","year":"1987","unstructured":"Edwards, A.V. Jones, C.T. The effect of splanchnic nerve section on the sensitivity of the adrenal cortex to adrenocorticotrophin in the calf. J. Physiol. 390, 23\u201331 (1987).","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"BFng0698_162_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-127-2-900","volume":"127","author":"SR Bornstein","year":"1990","unstructured":"Bornstein, S.R. Ehrhart-Bornstein, M. Scherbaum, W.A. Pfeiffer, E.F. Holst, J.J. Effects of splanchnic nerve stimulation on the adrenal cortex may be mediated by chromaffin cells in a paracrine manner. Endocrinol. 127, 900\u2013906 (1990).","journal-title":"Endocrinol."},{"key":"BFng0698_162_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2579","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.14-05-02579.1994","volume":"14","author":"MP Stenzel-Poore","year":"1994","unstructured":"Stenzel-Poore, M.P. Heinrichs, S.C. Rivest, S. Koob, G.F. Vale, W.W. Overproduction of corticotropin-releasing factor in transgenic mice: a genetic model of anxiogenic behavior. J. Neurosci. 14, 2579\u20132584 (1994).","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFng0698_162_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-3057(94)90559-2","volume":"48","author":"LH Conti","year":"1994","unstructured":"Conti, L.H. et al. Mouse strain differences in the behavioral effects of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRH) and the CRH antagonist \u03b1-helical CRH9-41. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 48, 497\u2013503 (1994).","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav."},{"key":"BFng0698_162_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1697","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-199705060-00027","volume":"8","author":"JL Moreau","year":"1997","unstructured":"Moreau, J.L. Kilpatrick, G. Jenck, F. Urocortin, a novel neuropeptide with anxiogenic-like properties. Neuroreport 8, 1697\u20131701 (1997).","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"BFng0698_162_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-0115(95)00099-W","volume":"59","author":"G Liebsch","year":"1995","unstructured":"Liebsch, G. et al. Chronic infusion of a CRH1 receptor antisense oligodeoxynucleotide into the central nucleus of the amygdala reduced anxiety-related behavior in socially defeated rats. Regul. Pept. 59, 229\u2013239 (1995).","journal-title":"Regul. Pept."},{"key":"BFng0698_162_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80109-9","volume":"16","author":"GF Koob","year":"1996","unstructured":"Koob, G.F. Drug addiction: the yin and yang of hedonic homeostasis. Neuron 16, 893\u2013896 (1996).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"BFng0698_162_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(93)91352-S","volume":"605","author":"S Rassnick","year":"1993","unstructured":"Rassnick, S. Heinrichs, S.C. Britton, K.T. Koob, G.F. Microinjection of a corticotropin-releasing factor antagonist into the central nucleus of the amygdala reverses anxiogenic-like effects of ethanol withdrawal. Brain Res. 605, 25\u201332 (1993).","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"BFng0698_162_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80113-0","volume":"16","author":"B Tabakoff","year":"1996","unstructured":"Tabakoff, B. Hoffmann, P.L. Alcohol addiction: An enigma among us. Neuron 16, 909\u2013912 (1996).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"BFng0698_162_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1119(89)90088-7","volume":"79","author":"GA Evans","year":"1989","unstructured":"Evans, G.A. Lewis, K. Rothenberg, B.E. High efficiency vectors for cosmid microcloning and genomic analysis. Gene 79, 9\u201320 ( 1989).","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"BFng0698_162_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(91)90011-M","volume":"65","author":"VL Tybulewicz","year":"1991","unstructured":"Tybulewicz, V.L. Crawford, C.E. Jackson, P.K. Bronson, R.T Mulligan, R.C. Neonatal lethality and lymphopenia in mice with a homozygous disruption of the c-ab1 proto-oncogene. Cell 65,1153 \u20131163 ( 1991).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"BFng0698_162_CR25","first-page":"33","volume-title":"Gene Targeting, A Practical Approach","author":"W Wurst","year":"1993","unstructured":"Wurst, W. Joyner, A.L. Production of targeted embryonic stem cell clones.in Gene Targeting, A Practical Approach (ed. Joyner, A.L.) 33\u201361 (IRL Press, Oxford, 1993)."},{"key":"BFng0698_162_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-122-2-618","volume":"122","author":"GK Stalla","year":"1988","unstructured":"Stalla, G.K. et al.Ketoconazole inhibts corticotropic cell function in vitro. Endocrinol.  122, 618\u2013623 ( 1988).","journal-title":"Endocrinol."},{"key":"BFng0698_162_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3476","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.138.8.5331","volume":"138","author":"S Karanth","year":"1997","unstructured":"Karanth, S. et al. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis changes in a transgenic mouse with impaired glucocorticoid receptor function. Endocrinol. 138, 3476\u20133485 (1997).","journal-title":"Endocrinol."},{"key":"BFng0698_162_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/0361-9230(94)00201-B","volume":"36","author":"A Kresse","year":"1995","unstructured":"Kresse, A. Jacobowitz, D.M. Skofitsch, G. Detailed mapping of CGRP mRNA expression in the rat central nervous system: Comparison with previous immunocytochemical findings. Brain Res. Bull. 36, 261\u2013274 ( 1995).","journal-title":"Brain Res. Bull."},{"key":"BFng0698_162_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(96)00175-6","volume":"305","author":"R Spanagel","year":"1996","unstructured":"Spanagel, R. Putzke, J. Stefferl, A. Sch\u00f6,B. Zieglg\u00e4ngsberger, W. Acamprosate and alcohol: II. Effects on alcohol withdrawal in the rat. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 305, 45\u201350 (1996).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"BFng0698_162_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1038\/ng0996-98","volume":"14","author":"JC Crabbe","year":"1996","unstructured":"Crabbe, J.C. et al. Elevated alcohol consumption in null mutant mice lacking 5-HT1B serotonin receptors. Nature Genet. 14, 98\u2013101 (1996).","journal-title":"Nature Genet."}],"container-title":["Nature Genetics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/ng0698_162","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/ng0698_162.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/ng0698_162.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,18]],"date-time":"2023-05-18T20:42:02Z","timestamp":1684442522000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/ng0698_162"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1998,6]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,6]]}},"alternative-id":["BFng0698_162"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/520","relation":{},"ISSN":["1061-4036","1546-1718"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1061-4036","type":"print"},{"value":"1546-1718","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1998,6]]}}}