{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T22:33:57Z","timestamp":1773700437081,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,5,1]],"date-time":"2000-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":957139200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nat Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,5]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/74955","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T08:34:58Z","timestamp":1027672498000},"page":"493-495","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":184,"title":["Not so Fas: Re-evaluating the mechanisms of immune privilege and tumor escape"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Nicholas P.","family":"Restifo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"BFnm0500_493_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1038\/6477","volume":"5","author":"J O'Connell","year":"1999","unstructured":"O'Connell, J., Bennett, M.W., O'Sullivan, G.C., Collins, J.K. & Shanahan, F. Fas counter-attack\u2014the best form of tumor defense? Nature Med. 5, 267\u2013268 (1999).","journal-title":"Nature Med."},{"key":"BFnm0500_493_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1038\/377576a0","volume":"377","author":"DL Vaux","year":"1995","unstructured":"Vaux, D.L. Immunology. Ways around rejection. Nature 377, 576\u2013577 (1995); retraction: 394, 133 (1998).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnm0500_493_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1038\/377630a0","volume":"377","author":"D Bellgrau","year":"1995","unstructured":"Bellgrau, D., Gold, D., Selawry, H., Moore, J., Franzusoff, A. & Duke, R.C. A role for CD95 ligand in preventing graft rejection. Nature 377, 630\u2013632 (1995); erratum: 394, 133 (1998).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnm0500_493_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1126\/science.273.5271.109","volume":"273","author":"HT Lau","year":"1996","unstructured":"Lau, H.T., Yu, M., Fontana, A. & Stoeckert, C.J.J. Prevention of islet allograft rejection with engineered myoblasts expressing FasL in mice. Science 273, 109\u2013112 (1996).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFnm0500_493_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1126\/science.270.5239.1189","volume":"270","author":"TS Griffith","year":"1995","unstructured":"Griffith, T.S., Brunner, T., Fletcher, S.M., Green, D.R. & Ferguson, T.A. Fas ligand-induced apoptosis as a mechanism of immune privilege. Science 270, 1189\u20131192 (1995).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFnm0500_493_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1038\/379682a0","volume":"379","author":"H Yagita","year":"1996","unstructured":"Yagita, H., Seino, K., Kayagaki, N. & Okumura, K. CD95 ligand in graft rejection. Nature 379, 682(1996).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnm0500_493_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1363","DOI":"10.1126\/science.274.5291.1363","volume":"274","author":"M Hahne","year":"1996","unstructured":"Hahne, M., Rimoldi, D., Schroter, M., et al. Melanoma cell expression of Fas(Apo-1\/CD95) ligand: implications for tumor immune escape. Science 274, 1363\u20131366 (1996).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFnm0500_493_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3943","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.8.3943","volume":"94","author":"J Allison","year":"1997","unstructured":"Allison, J., Georgiou, H.M., Strasser, A. & Vaux, D.L. Transgenic expression of CD95 ligand on islet beta cells induces a granulocytic infiltration but does not confer immune privilege upon islet allografts. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci USA 94, 3943\u20133947 (1997).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci USA"},{"key":"BFnm0500_493_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0797-738","volume":"3","author":"SM Kang","year":"1997","unstructured":"Kang, S.M. et al. Fas ligand expression in islets of Langerhans does not confer immune privilege and instead targets them for rapid destruction. Nature Med. 3, 738\u2013743 (1997).","journal-title":"Nature Med."},{"key":"BFnm0500_493_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-1345(97)01396-1","volume":"30","author":"SM Kang","year":"1998","unstructured":"Kang, S.M., Lin, Z., Ascher, N.L. & Stock, P.G. Fas ligand expression on islets as well as multiple cell lines results in accelerated neutrophilic rejection. Transplant. Proc. 30, 538 (1998).","journal-title":"Transplant. Proc."},{"key":"BFnm0500_493_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1322","DOI":"10.1126\/science.278.5341.1322","volume":"278","author":"SM Kang","year":"1997","unstructured":"Kang, S.M., Hoffmann, A., Le, D., Springer, M.L., Stock, P.G. & Blau, H.M. Immune response and myoblasts that express Fas ligand. Science 278, 1322\u20131324 (1997).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFnm0500_493_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1942","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-1345(99)00219-5","volume":"31","author":"K Seino","year":"1999","unstructured":"Seino, K. et al. Attempts to reveal the mechanism of CD95-ligand-mediated inflammation. Transplant. Proc. 31, 1942\u20131943 (1999).","journal-title":"Transplant. Proc."},{"key":"BFnm0500_493_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4484","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.161.9.4484","volume":"161","author":"K Seino","year":"1998","unstructured":"Seino, K. et al. Chemotactic activity of soluble Fas ligand against phagocytes. J.Immunol. 161, 4484\u20134488 (1998).","journal-title":"J.Immunol."},{"key":"BFnm0500_493_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-1345(96)00421-6","volume":"29","author":"K Seino","year":"1997","unstructured":"Seino, K., Kayagaki, N., Fukao, K., Okumura, K. & Yagita, H. Rejection of Fas ligand-expressing grafts. Transplant. Proc. 29, 1092\u20131093 (1997).","journal-title":"Transplant. Proc."},{"key":"BFnm0500_493_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/8.9.1347","volume":"8","author":"K Seino","year":"1996","unstructured":"Seino, K., Kayagaki, N., Bashuda, H., Okumura, K. & Yagita, H. Contribution of Fas ligand to cardiac allograft rejection. Int. Immunol. 8, 1347\u20131354 (1996).","journal-title":"Int. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnm0500_493_CR16","first-page":"59","volume":"59","author":"DB Chappell","year":"1999","unstructured":"Chappell, D.B., Zaks, T.Z., Rosenberg, S.A. & Restifo, N.P. Human melanoma cells do not express Fas (Apo-1\/CD95) ligand. Cancer Res. 59, 59\u201362 (1999).","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"BFnm0500_493_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13862","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.25.13862","volume":"94","author":"H Arai","year":"1997","unstructured":"Arai, H., Gordon, D., Nabel, E.G. & Nabel, G.J. Gene transfer of Fas ligand induces tumor regression in vivo. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94, 13862\u201313867 (1997).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"BFnm0500_493_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.191.7.1209","volume":"191","author":"AM Hohlbaum","year":"2000","unstructured":"Hohlbaum, A.M., Moe, S. & Rothstein, A.M. Opposing Effects of Transmembrane and Soluble Fas Ligand Expression on Inflammation and Tumor Cell Survival. J. Exp. Med. 191, 1209\u20131220 (2000).","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"BFnm0500_493_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81266-0","volume":"85","author":"M Muzio","year":"1996","unstructured":"Muzio, M. et al. FLICE, a novel FADD-homologous ICE\/CED-3-like protease, is recruited to the CD95 (Fas\/APO-1) death\u2014inducing signaling complex. Cell 85, 817\u2013827 (1996).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"BFnm0500_493_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(95)90490-5","volume":"80","author":"P Li","year":"1995","unstructured":"Li, P. et al. Mice deficient in IL-1\u03b2-converting enzyme are defective in production of mature IL-1\u03b2 and resistant to endotoxic shock. Cell 80, 401\u2013411 (1995).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"BFnm0500_493_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(92)90223-Y","volume":"69","author":"CA Ray","year":"1992","unstructured":"Ray, C.A. et al. Viral inhibition of inflammation: cowpox virus encodes an inhibitor of the interleukin-1\u03b2 converting enzyme. Cell 69, 597\u2013604 (1992).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"BFnm0500_493_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4159","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.160.9.4159","volume":"160","author":"D Smith","year":"1998","unstructured":"Smith, D., Sieg, S. & Kaplan, D. Technical note: Aberrant detection of cell surface Fas ligand with anti-peptide antibodies. J. Immunol. 160, 4159\u20134160 (1998).","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnm0500_493_CR23","first-page":"5356","volume":"59","author":"BR Gastman","year":"1999","unstructured":"Gastman, B.R. et al. Fas ligand is expressed on human squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck, and it promotes apoptosis of T lymphocytes. Cancer Res. 59, 5356\u20135364 (1999).","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"BFnm0500_493_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI118418","volume":"97","author":"R De Maria","year":"1996","unstructured":"De Maria, R. et al. Functional expression of Fas and Fas ligand on human gut lamina propria T lymphocytes. A potential role for the acidic sphingomyelinase pathway in normal immunoregulation. J. Clin. Invest. 97, 316\u2013322 (1996).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"BFnm0500_493_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2015a","DOI":"10.1126\/science.279.5359.2015a","volume":"279","author":"P Fiedler","year":"1998","unstructured":"Fiedler, P., Schaetzlein, C.E. & Eibel, H. Constitutive expression of FasL in thyrocytes. Science 279, 2015a(1998).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFnm0500_493_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1097\/00008390-199906000-00008","volume":"9","author":"S Ekmekcioglu","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ekmekcioglu, S. et al. Differential increase of Fas ligand expression on metastatic and thin or thick primary melanoma cells compared with interleukin-10. Melanoma Res. 9, 261\u2013272 (1999).","journal-title":"Melanoma Res."},{"key":"BFnm0500_493_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1006\/smim.1997.0063","volume":"9","author":"PA Henkart","year":"1997","unstructured":"Henkart, P.A., Williams, M.S., Zacharchuk, C.M. & Sarin, A. Do CTL kill target cells by inducing apoptosis? Semin. Immunol. 9, 135\u2013144 (1997).","journal-title":"Semin. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnm0500_493_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.17.1.221","volume":"17","author":"M Lenardo","year":"1999","unstructured":"Lenardo, M. et al. Mature T lymphocyte apoptosis\u2014immune regulation in a dynamic and unpredictable antigenic environment. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 17, 221\u2013253 (1999).","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnm0500_493_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3273","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.162.6.3273","volume":"162","author":"TZ Zaks","year":"1999","unstructured":"Zaks, T.Z., Chappell, D.B., Rosenberg, S.A. & Restifo, N.P. Fas-mediated suicide of tumor-reactive T cells following activation by specific tumor: selective rescue by caspase inhibition. J. Immunol. 162, 3273\u20133279 (1999).","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnm0500_493_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1007\/s002620050505","volume":"47","author":"DB Chappell","year":"1998","unstructured":"Chappell, D.B. & Restifo, N.P. T cell-tumor cell: a fatal interaction? Cancer Immunol. Immunother. 47, 65\u201371 (1998).","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol. Immunother."}],"container-title":["Nature Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nm0500_493.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nm0500_493","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nm0500_493.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,18]],"date-time":"2023-05-18T22:23:08Z","timestamp":1684448588000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nm0500_493"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,5]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,5]]}},"alternative-id":["BFnm0500_493"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/74955","relation":{},"ISSN":["1078-8956","1546-170X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1078-8956","type":"print"},{"value":"1546-170X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,5]]}}}