{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T16:41:22Z","timestamp":1776184882079,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6897","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,8,1]],"date-time":"2002-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1028160000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nature"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,8]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/nature00945","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,9,17]],"date-time":"2002-09-17T20:15:48Z","timestamp":1032293748000},"page":"539-544","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":244,"title":["A re-examination of proximodistal patterning during vertebrate limb development"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"418","author":[{"given":"Andrew T.","family":"Dudley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda A.","family":"Ros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clifford J.","family":"Tabin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"BFnature00945_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1038\/244492a0","volume":"244","author":"D Summerbell","year":"1973","unstructured":"Summerbell, D., Lewis, J. H. & Wolpert, L. Positional information in chick limb morphogenesis. Nature 244, 492\u2013496 (1973)","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnature00945_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/0012-1606(72)90129-7","volume":"28","author":"L Rubin","year":"1972","unstructured":"Rubin, L. & Saunders, J. W. Ectodermal-mesoderal interactions in the growth of limb buds in the chick embryo: constancy and temporal limits of ectodermal induction. Dev. Biol. 28, 94\u2013112 (1972)","journal-title":"Dev. Biol."},{"key":"BFnature00945_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1002\/jez.1401080304","volume":"108","author":"JW Saunders","year":"1948","unstructured":"Saunders, J. W. The proximo-distal sequence of origin of the parts of the chick wing and the role of the ectoderm. J. Exp. Zool. 108, 363\u2013403 (1948)","journal-title":"J. Exp. Zool."},{"key":"BFnature00945_CR4","first-page":"651","volume":"32","author":"D Summerbell","year":"1974","unstructured":"Summerbell, D. A quantitative analysis of the effect of excision of the AER from the chick limb-bud. J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol. 32, 651\u2013660 (1974)","journal-title":"J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol."},{"key":"BFnature00945_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/0012-1606(82)90241-X","volume":"93","author":"DA Rowe","year":"1982","unstructured":"Rowe, D. A., Cairns, J. M. & Fallon, J. F. Spatial and temporal patterns of cell death in limb bud mesoderm after apical ectodermal ridge removal. Dev. Biol. 93, 83\u201391 (1982)","journal-title":"Dev. Biol."},{"key":"BFnature00945_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Niswander, L., Tickle, C., Vogel, A., Booth, I. & Martin, G. R. FGF-4 replaces the apical ectodermal ridge and directs outgrowth and patterning of the limb. Cell (1993)","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(93)90391-3"},{"key":"BFnature00945_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7908145","volume":"264","author":"JF Fallon","year":"1994","unstructured":"Fallon, J. F. et al. FGF-2: apical ectodermal ridge growth signal for chick limb development. Science 264, 104\u2013107 (1994)","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFnature00945_CR8","first-page":"419","volume":"33","author":"JH Lewis","year":"1975","unstructured":"Lewis, J. H. Fate maps and the pattern of cell division: a calculation for the chick wing bud. J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol. 33, 419\u2013434 (1975)","journal-title":"J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol."},{"key":"BFnature00945_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1038\/nature00902","volume":"418","author":"X Sun","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sun, X., Mariani, F. V. & Martin, G. R. Functions of FGF signalling from the apical ectodermal ridge in limb development. Nature 418, 501\u2013509 (2002)","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnature00945_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1909","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.124.10.1909","volume":"124","author":"N Vargesson","year":"1997","unstructured":"Vargesson, N., Clarke, J. D. W., Coles, V. K., Wolpert, L. & Tickle, C. Cell fate in the chick limb bud and relationship to gene expression. Development 124, 1909\u20131918 (1997)","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"BFnature00945_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/0925-4773(96)00514-X","volume":"56","author":"JJ Gibson-Brown","year":"1996","unstructured":"Gibson-Brown, J. J. et al. Evidence of a role for T-box genes in the evolution of limb morphogenesis and the specification of forelimb\/hindlimb identity. Mech. Dev. 56, 93\u2013101 (1996)","journal-title":"Mech. Dev."},{"key":"BFnature00945_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0177(199608)206:4<379::AID-AJA4>3.0.CO;2-F","volume":"206","author":"DL Chapman","year":"1996","unstructured":"Chapman, D. L. et al. Expression of the T-box family genes, Tbx1-Tbx5, during early mouse development. Dev. Dyn. 206, 379\u2013390 (1996)","journal-title":"Dev. Dyn."},{"key":"BFnature00945_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2509","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.9.20.2509","volume":"9","author":"Y Yokouchi","year":"1995","unstructured":"Yokouchi, Y. et al. Misexpression of Hoxa-13 induces cartilage homeotic transformation and changes cell adhesiveness in chick limb buds. Genes Dev. 9, 2509\u20132522 (1995)","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"BFnature00945_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.1994.1296","volume":"166","author":"MA Ros","year":"1994","unstructured":"Ros, M. A., Lyons, G. E., Mackem, S. & Fallon, J. F. Recombinant limbs as a model to study homeobox gene regulation during limb development. Dev. Biol. 166, 59\u201372 (1994)","journal-title":"Dev. Biol."},{"key":"BFnature00945_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-169X.1993.00421.x","volume":"35","author":"N Wada","year":"1998","unstructured":"Wada, N., Ohsugi, K., Yokouchi, Y., Kuroiwa, A. & Ide, H. Cell sorting and chondrogenesis aggregate formation in limb bud recombinants and in culture. Dev. Growth Diff. 35, 421\u2013430 (1998)","journal-title":"Dev. Growth Diff."},{"key":"BFnature00945_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4329","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.121.12.4329","volume":"121","author":"A Hardy","year":"1995","unstructured":"Hardy, A. et al. Gene expression, polarising activity and skeletal patterning in reaggregated hind limb mesenchyme. Development 121, 4329\u20134337 (1995)","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"BFnature00945_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/0012-1606(75)90084-6","volume":"46","author":"GM Crosby","year":"1975","unstructured":"Crosby, G. M. & Fallon, J. F. Inhibitory effect on limb morphogenesis by cells of the polarizing zone coaggregated with pre- or postaxial wing bud mesoderm. Dev. Biol. 46, 28\u201339 (1975)","journal-title":"Dev. Biol."},{"key":"BFnature00945_CR18","first-page":"13","volume":"67","author":"JM Frederick","year":"1982","unstructured":"Frederick, J. M. & Fallon, J. F. The proportion and distribution of polarizing zone cells causing morphogenetic inhibition when coaggregated with anterior half wing mesoderm in recombinant limbs. J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol. 67, 13\u201325 (1982)","journal-title":"J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol."},{"key":"BFnature00945_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-4773(99)00247-6","volume":"90","author":"ME Piedra","year":"2000","unstructured":"Piedra, M. E., Rivero, F. B., Fernandez-Teran, M. & Ros, M. A. Pattern formation and regulation of gene expressions in chick recombinant limbs. Mech. Dev. 90, 167\u2013179 (2000)","journal-title":"Mech. Dev."},{"key":"BFnature00945_CR20","first-page":"175","volume":"50","author":"L Wolpert","year":"1979","unstructured":"Wolpert, L., Tickle, C. & Sampford, M. The effect of cell killing by X-irradiation on pattern formation in the chick limb. J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol. 50, 175\u2013198 (1979)","journal-title":"J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol."},{"key":"BFnature00945_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1038\/226764a0","volume":"226","author":"A Hornbruch","year":"1970","unstructured":"Hornbruch, A. & Wolpert, L. Cell division in the early growth and morphogenesis of the chick limb. Nature 226, 764\u2013766 (1970)","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnature00945_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.1998.0595","volume":"14","author":"M Logan","year":"1998","unstructured":"Logan, M. & Tabin, C. Targeted gene misexpression in chick limb buds using avian replication-competent retroviruses. Methods 14, 407\u2013420 (1998)","journal-title":"Methods"},{"key":"BFnature00945_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.1050880104","volume":"88","author":"V Hamburger","year":"1951","unstructured":"Hamburger, V. & Hamilton, H. L. A series of normal stages in the development of the chick embryo. J. Morphol. 88, 49\u201392 (1951)","journal-title":"J. Morphol."},{"key":"BFnature00945_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00867319","volume":"183","author":"M Kieny","year":"1977","unstructured":"Kieny, M. & Pautou, M.-P. Proximo-distal pattern regulation in deficient avian limb buds. Wilhelm Roux Arch. 183, 177\u2013191 (1977)","journal-title":"Wilhelm Roux Arch."},{"key":"BFnature00945_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.119.3.493","volume":"119","author":"Y Gavrieli","year":"1992","unstructured":"Gavrieli, Y., Sherman, Y. & Ben-Sasson, S. A. Identification of programmed cell death in situ via specific labeling of nuclear DNA fragmentation. J. Cell Biol. 119, 493\u2013501 (1992)","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."}],"container-title":["Nature"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nature00945.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nature00945","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nature00945.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,18]],"date-time":"2023-05-18T14:08:54Z","timestamp":1684418934000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nature00945"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,8]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6897","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,8]]}},"alternative-id":["BFnature00945"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature00945","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1008386.113709","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1008386.106861","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1008386.111563","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1008386.106060","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0028-0836","1476-4687"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0028-0836","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-4687","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,8]]}}}