{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T12:39:58Z","timestamp":1775738398669,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6880","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,3,13]],"date-time":"2002-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1015977600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nature"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,4]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/nature729","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T04:31:14Z","timestamp":1027657874000},"page":"545-548","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1161,"title":["Changing potency by spontaneous fusion"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"416","author":[{"given":"Qi-Long","family":"Ying","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Nichols","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Edward P.","family":"Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Austin G.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,3,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFnature729_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1775","DOI":"10.1126\/science.290.5497.1775","volume":"290","author":"TR Brazelton","year":"2000","unstructured":"Brazelton, T. R., Rossi, F. M., Keshet, G. I. & Blau, H. M. From marrow to brain: expression of neuronal phenotypes in adult mice. Science 290, 1775\u20131779 (2000)","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFnature729_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1779","DOI":"10.1126\/science.290.5497.1779","volume":"290","author":"E Mezey","year":"2000","unstructured":"Mezey, E., Chandross, K. J., Harta, G., Maki, R. A. & McKercher, S. R. Turning blood into brain: cells bearing neuronal antigens generated in vivo from bone marrow. Science 290, 1779\u20131782 (2000)","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFnature729_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(01)00328-2","volume":"105","author":"DS Krause","year":"2001","unstructured":"Krause, D. S. et al. Multi-organ, multi-lineage engraftment by a single bone marrow-derived stem cell. Cell 105, 369\u2013377 (2001)","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"BFnature729_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1038\/81326","volume":"6","author":"E Lagasse","year":"2000","unstructured":"Lagasse, E. et al. Purified hematopoietic stem cells can differentiate into hepatocytes in vivo. Nature Med. 6, 1229\u20131234 (2000)","journal-title":"Nature Med."},{"key":"BFnature729_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1660","DOI":"10.1126\/science.288.5471.1660","volume":"288","author":"DL Clarke","year":"2000","unstructured":"Clarke, D. L. et al. Generalized potential of adult neural stem cells. Science 288, 1660\u20131663 (2000)","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFnature729_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1126\/science.283.5401.534","volume":"283","author":"CR Bjornson","year":"1999","unstructured":"Bjornson, C. R., Rietze, R. L., Reynolds, B. A., Magli, M. C. & Vescovi, A. L. Turning brain into blood: a hematopoietic fate adopted by adult neural stem cells in vivo. Science 283, 534\u2013537 (1999)","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFnature729_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1528","DOI":"10.1126\/science.279.5356.1528","volume":"279","author":"G Ferrari","year":"1998","unstructured":"Ferrari, G. et al. Muscle regeneration by bone marrow-derived myogenic progenitors. Science 279, 1528\u20131530 (1998)","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFnature729_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1038\/35070587","volume":"410","author":"D Orlic","year":"2001","unstructured":"Orlic, D. et al. Bone marrow cells regenerate infarcted myocardium. Nature 410, 701\u2013705 (2001)","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnature729_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(01)00409-3","volume":"105","author":"HM Blau","year":"2001","unstructured":"Blau, H. M., Brazelton, T. R. & Weimann, J. M. The evolving concept of a stem cell: entity or function? Cell 105, 829\u2013841 (2001)","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"BFnature729_CR10","volume-title":"Hybridization of Somatic Cells","author":"B Ephrussi","year":"1972","unstructured":"Ephrussi, B. Hybridization of Somatic Cells (Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton, 1972)"},{"key":"BFnature729_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.1988.Supplement_10.2","volume":"10","author":"RL Gardner","year":"1988","unstructured":"Gardner, R. L. & Beddington, R. S. Multi-lineage \u2018stem\u2019 cells in the mammalian embryo. J. Cell Sci. 10 (Suppl.), 11\u201327 (1988)","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"BFnature729_CR12","first-page":"205","volume-title":"Stem Cell Biology","author":"A Smith","year":"2001","unstructured":"Smith, A. in Stem Cell Biology (ed. Marshak, D. R.Gardner, R. L.Gottlieb, D.) 205\u2013230 (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, New York, 2001)"},{"key":"BFnature729_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1038\/79924","volume":"3","author":"R Galli","year":"2000","unstructured":"Galli, R. et al. Skeletal myogenic potential of human and mouse neural stem cells. Nature Neurosci. 3, 986\u2013991 (2000)","journal-title":"Nature Neurosci."},{"key":"BFnature729_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-9525(00)89040-X","volume":"11","author":"P Mountford","year":"1995","unstructured":"Mountford, P. & Smith, A. G. Internal ribosome entry sites and dicistronic RNAs in mammalian transgenesis. Trends Genet. 11, 179\u2013184 (1995)","journal-title":"Trends Genet."},{"key":"BFnature729_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.122.3.881","volume":"122","author":"YI Yeom","year":"1996","unstructured":"Yeom, Y. I. et al. Germline regulatory element of Oct-4 specific for the totipotent cycle of embryonal cells. Development 122, 881\u2013894 (1996)","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"BFnature729_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3374","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.11.6.3374","volume":"11","author":"SD Lupton","year":"1991","unstructured":"Lupton, S. D., Brunton, L. L., Kalberg, V. A. & Overell, R. W. Dominant positive and negative selection using a hygromycin phosphotransferase\u2013thymidine kinase fusion gene. Mol. Cell. Biol. 11, 3374\u20133378 (1991)","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biol."},{"key":"BFnature729_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4303","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.10.4303","volume":"91","author":"P Mountford","year":"1994","unstructured":"Mountford, P. et al. Dicistronic targeting constructs: reporters and modifiers of mammalian gene expression. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 91, 4303\u20134307 (1994)","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"BFnature729_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1038\/74199","volume":"24","author":"H Niwa","year":"2000","unstructured":"Niwa, H., Miyazaki, J. & Smith, A. G. Quantitative expression of Oct-3\/4 defines differentiation, dedifferentiation or self-renewal of ES cells. Nature Genet. 24, 372\u2013376 (2000)","journal-title":"Nature Genet."},{"key":"BFnature729_CR19","first-page":"1506","volume-title":"Genetic Variants and Strains of the Laboratory Mouse","author":"EC Akeson","year":"1996","unstructured":"Akeson, E. C. & Davisson, M. T. in Genetic Variants and Strains of the Laboratory Mouse (eds Lyon, M., Rastan, S. & Brown, S.) 1506\u20131509 (Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford, 1996)"},{"key":"BFnature729_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81769-9","volume":"95","author":"J Nichols","year":"1998","unstructured":"Nichols, J. et al. Formation of pluripotent stem cells in the mammalian embryo depends on the POU transcription factor Oct-4. Cell 95, 379\u2013391 (1998)","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"BFnature729_CR21","first-page":"27","volume":"87","author":"TC Doetschman","year":"1985","unstructured":"Doetschman, T. C., Eistetter, H., Katz, M., Schmidt, W. & Kemler, R. The in vitro development of blastocyst-derived embryonic stem cell lines: formation of visceral yolk sac, blood islands and myocardium. J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol. 87, 27\u201345 (1985)","journal-title":"J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol."},{"key":"BFnature729_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.1995.1085","volume":"168","author":"G Bain","year":"1995","unstructured":"Bain, G., Kitchens, D., Yao, M., Huettner, J. E. & Gottlieb, D. I. Embryonic stem cells express neuronal properties in vitro. Dev. Biol. 168, 342\u2013357 (1995)","journal-title":"Dev. Biol."},{"key":"BFnature729_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1553","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-9822(01)00459-6","volume":"11","author":"M Tada","year":"2001","unstructured":"Tada, M., Takahama, Y., Abe, K., Nakatsuji, N. & Tada, T. Nuclear reprogramming of somatic cells by in vitro hybridization with ES cells. Curr. Biol. 11, 1553\u20131558 (2001)","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"BFnature729_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.110.3.815","volume":"110","author":"A Nagy","year":"1991","unstructured":"Nagy, A. et al. Embryonic stem cells alone are able to support fetal development in the mouse. Development 110, 815\u2013821 (1991)","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"BFnature729_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.2000.9935","volume":"228","author":"T Pratt","year":"2000","unstructured":"Pratt, T., Sharp, L., Nichols, J., Price, D. J. & Mason, J. O. Embryonic stem cells and transgenic mice ubiquitously expressing a tau-tagged green fluorescent protein. Dev. Biol. 228, 19\u201328 (2000)","journal-title":"Dev. Biol."},{"key":"BFnature729_CR26","first-page":"1269","volume":"26","author":"G Barski","year":"1961","unstructured":"Barski, G., Sorieul, S. & Cornefert, F. \u201cHybrid\u201d type cells in combined cultures of two different mammalian cell strains. J. Natl Cancer Inst. 26, 1269\u20131291 (1961)","journal-title":"J. Natl Cancer Inst."},{"key":"BFnature729_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1038\/190653b0","volume":"190","author":"S Sorieul","year":"1961","unstructured":"Sorieul, S. & Ephrussi, B. Karyological demonstration of hybridization of mammalian cells in vitro. Nature 190, 653\u2013654 (1961)","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnature729_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01666137","volume":"13","author":"AG Smith","year":"1991","unstructured":"Smith, A. G. Culture and differentiation of embryonic stem cells. J. Tissue Culture Methods 13, 89\u201394 (1991)","journal-title":"J. Tissue Culture Methods"},{"key":"BFnature729_CR29","volume-title":"Teratocarcinoma and Embryo-derived Stem Cells: A Practical Approach","author":"EJ Robertson","year":"1987","unstructured":"Robertson, E. J. Teratocarcinoma and Embryo-derived Stem Cells: A Practical Approach (IRL, Oxford, 1987)"}],"container-title":["Nature"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nature729.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nature729","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nature729.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,18]],"date-time":"2023-05-18T14:15:01Z","timestamp":1684419301000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nature729"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,3,13]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6880","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,4]]}},"alternative-id":["BFnature729"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature729","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1005760.69057","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0028-0836","1476-4687"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0028-0836","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-4687","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,3,13]]}}}