{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T02:12:54Z","timestamp":1777083174313,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,12]],"date-time":"2011-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1307836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nat Cell Biol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,7]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/ncb2269","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,12]],"date-time":"2011-06-12T14:13:39Z","timestamp":1307888019000},"page":"771-778","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":339,"title":["External forces control mitotic spindle positioning"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Jenny","family":"Fink","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Carpi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Timo","family":"Betz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angelique","family":"B\u00e9tard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meriem","family":"Chebah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ammar","family":"Azioune","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Bornens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cecile","family":"Sykes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luc","family":"Fetler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Damien","family":"Cuvelier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthieu","family":"Piel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFncb2269_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm2388","volume":"9","author":"P G\u00f6nczy","year":"2008","unstructured":"G\u00f6nczy, P. Mechanisms of asymmetric cell division: flies and worms pave the way. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 9, 355\u2013366 (2008).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"BFncb2269_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/S0955-0674(02)00018-2","volume":"15","author":"J Ahringer","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ahringer, J. Control of cell polarity and mitotic spindle positioning in animal cells. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 15, 73\u201381 (2003).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Cell Biol."},{"key":"BFncb2269_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03922","volume":"437","author":"T Lechler","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lechler, T. & Fuchs, E. Asymmetric cell divisions promote stratification and differentiation of mammalian skin. Nature 437, 275\u2013280 (2005).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFncb2269_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1038\/35054077","volume":"409","author":"B Lu","year":"2001","unstructured":"Lu, B., Roegiers, F., Jan, L. Y. & Jan, Y. N. Adherens junctions inhibit asymmetric division in the Drosophila epithelium. Nature 409, 522\u2013525 (2001).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFncb2269_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2007.02.052","volume":"17","author":"A Fernandez-Minan","year":"2007","unstructured":"Fernandez-Minan, A., Martin-Bermudo, M. D. & Gonzalez-Reyes, A. Integrin signaling regulates spindle orientation in Drosophila to preserve the follicular-epithelium monolayer. Curr. Biol. 17, 683\u2013688 (2007).","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"BFncb2269_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.emboj.7601599","volume":"26","author":"F Toyoshima","year":"2007","unstructured":"Toyoshima, F. & Nishida, E. Integrin-mediated adhesion orients the spindle parallel to the substratum in an EB1- and myosin X-dependent manner. EMBO J. 26, 1487\u20131498 (2007).","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"BFncb2269_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb1307","volume":"7","author":"M Thery","year":"2005","unstructured":"Thery, M. et al. The extracellular matrix guides the orientation of the cell division axis. Nat. Cell Biol. 7, 947\u2013953 (2005).","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."},{"key":"BFncb2269_CR8","first-page":"265","volume":"7","author":"V Vogel","year":"2006","unstructured":"Vogel, V. & Sheetz, M. Local force and geometry sensing regulate cell functions. Nat.\u00a0Rev.\u00a0Mol.\u00a0Cell\u00a0Biol. 7, 265\u2013275 (2006).","journal-title":"Nat.\u00a0Rev.\u00a0Mol.\u00a0Cell\u00a0Biol."},{"key":"BFncb2269_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1748","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2008.09.047","volume":"18","author":"CR Terenna","year":"2008","unstructured":"Terenna, C. R. et al. Physical mechanisms redirecting cell polarity and cell shape in fission yeast. Curr. Biol. 18, 1748\u20131753 (2008).","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"BFncb2269_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2095","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2007.11.049","volume":"17","author":"R Farhadifar","year":"2007","unstructured":"Farhadifar, R., Roper, J. C., Aigouy, B., Eaton, S. & Julicher, F. The influence of cell mechanics, cell\u2013cell interactions, and proliferation on epithelial packing. Curr. Biol. 17, 2095\u20132104 (2007).","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"BFncb2269_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1401","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb1798","volume":"10","author":"M Rauzi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Rauzi, M., Verant, P., Lecuit, T. & Lenne, P. F. Nature and anisotropy of cortical forces\u00a0orienting Drosophila tissue morphogenesis. Nat. Cell Biol. 10, 1401\u20131410 (2008).","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."},{"key":"BFncb2269_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm2592","volume":"10","author":"MA Wozniak","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wozniak, M. A. & Chen, C. S. Mechanotransduction in development: a growing role for contractility. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 10, 34\u201343 (2009).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"BFncb2269_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05786","volume":"447","author":"M Thery","year":"2007","unstructured":"Thery, M., Jimenez-Dalmaroni, A., Racine, V., Bornens, M. & Julicher, F. Experimental and theoretical study of mitotic spindle orientation. Nature 447, 493\u2013496 (2007).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFncb2269_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.131.1.179","volume":"131","author":"LP Cramer","year":"1995","unstructured":"Cramer, L. P. & Mitchison, T. J. Myosin is involved in postmitotic cell spreading. J.\u00a0Cell\u00a0Biol. 131, 179\u2013189 (1995).","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Cell\u00a0Biol."},{"key":"BFncb2269_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1640","DOI":"10.1039\/b821581m","volume":"9","author":"A Azioune","year":"2009","unstructured":"Azioune, A., Storch, M., Bornens, M., Thery, M. & Piel, M. Simple and rapid process for single cell micro-patterning. Lab. on a chip 9, 1640\u20131642 (2009).","journal-title":"Lab. on a chip"},{"key":"BFncb2269_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1038\/385450a0","volume":"385","author":"K Burton","year":"1997","unstructured":"Burton, K. & Taylor, D. L. Traction forces of cytokinesis measured with optically modified elastic substrata. Nature 385, 450\u2013454 (1997).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFncb2269_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(01)75740-2","volume":"81","author":"J Guck","year":"2001","unstructured":"Guck, J. et al. The optical stretcher: a novel laser tool to micromanipulate cells. Biophys. J. 81, 767\u2013784 (2001).","journal-title":"Biophys. J."},{"key":"BFncb2269_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1002\/cm.970180104","volume":"18","author":"L Chartier","year":"1991","unstructured":"Chartier, L. et al. Calyculin-A increases the level of protein phosphorylation and changes the shape of 3T3 fibroblasts. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 18, 26\u201340 (1991).","journal-title":"Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton"},{"key":"BFncb2269_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09642","volume":"469","author":"MP Stewart","year":"2011","unstructured":"Stewart, M. P. et al. Hydrostatic pressure and the actomyosin cortex drive mitotic cell rounding. Nature 469, 226\u2013230 (2011).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFncb2269_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3470","DOI":"10.1529\/biophysj.107.128611","volume":"95","author":"S Jungbauer","year":"2008","unstructured":"Jungbauer, S., Gao, H., Spatz, J. P. & Kemkemer, R. Two characteristic regimes in frequency-dependent dynamic reorientation of fibroblasts on cyclically stretched substrates. Biophys. J. 95, 3470\u20133478 (2008).","journal-title":"Biophys. J."},{"key":"BFncb2269_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1765","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.11.5.1765","volume":"11","author":"CB O\u2019Connell","year":"2000","unstructured":"O\u2019Connell, C. B. & Wang, Y. L. Mammalian spindle orientation and position respond to changes in cell shape in a dynein-dependent fashion. Mol. Biol. Cell 11, 1765\u20131774 (2000).","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Cell"},{"key":"BFncb2269_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1962","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2006.08.027","volume":"16","author":"JC Effler","year":"2006","unstructured":"Effler, J. C. et al. Mitosis-specific mechanosensing and contractile-protein redistribution control cell shape. Curr. Biol. 16, 1962\u20131967 (2006).","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"BFncb2269_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.1220","volume":"5","author":"J Riedl","year":"2008","unstructured":"Riedl, J. et al. Lifeact: a versatile marker to visualize F-actin. Nat. Methods 5, 605\u2013607 (2008).","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"BFncb2269_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1002\/cm.20226","volume":"64","author":"BM Burkel","year":"2007","unstructured":"Burkel, B. M., von Dassow, G. & Bement, W. M. Versatile fluorescent probes for actin filaments based on the actin-binding domain of utrophin. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 64, 822\u2013832 (2007).","journal-title":"Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton"},{"key":"BFncb2269_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201007136","volume":"191","author":"M Mitsushima","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mitsushima, M. et al. Revolving movement of a dynamic cluster of actin filaments during mitosis. J. Cell Biol. 191, 453\u2013462 (2010).","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"BFncb2269_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-169X.1986.00143.x","volume":"28","author":"MS Hamaguchi","year":"1986","unstructured":"Hamaguchi, M. S. & Hiramoto, Y. Analysis of the role of astral rays in pronuclear migration in sand dollar eggs by the colcemid-UV method. Dev. Growth Differ. 28, 143\u2013156 (1986).","journal-title":"Dev. Growth Differ."},{"key":"BFncb2269_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.01.016","volume":"144","author":"N Minc","year":"2011","unstructured":"Minc, N., Burgess, D. & Chang, F. Influence of cell geometry on division-plane positioning. Cell 144, 414\u2013426 (2011).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"BFncb2269_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2040","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2010.10.024","volume":"20","author":"M Wuhr","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wuhr, M., Tan, E. S., Parker, S. K., Detrich, H. W. 3rd & Mitchison, T. J. A model for cleavage plane determination in early amphibian and fish embryos. Curr. Biol. 20, 2040\u20132045 (2010).","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"BFncb2269_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1514","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2008.08.044","volume":"18","author":"J Azoury","year":"2008","unstructured":"Azoury, J. et al. Spindle positioning in mouse oocytes relies on a dynamic meshwork of actin filaments. Curr. Biol. 18, 1514\u20131519 (2008).","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"BFncb2269_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1986","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2008.11.022","volume":"18","author":"M Schuh","year":"2008","unstructured":"Schuh, M. & Ellenberg, J. A new model for asymmetric spindle positioning in mouse oocytes. Curr. Biol. 18, 1986\u20131992 (2008).","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"BFncb2269_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200804062","volume":"182","author":"S Woolner","year":"2008","unstructured":"Woolner, S., O\u2019Brien, L. L., Wiese, C. & Bement, W. M. Myosin-10 and actin\u00a0filaments are essential for mitotic spindle function. J. Cell Biol. 182, 77\u201388 (2008).","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"BFncb2269_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200505018","volume":"171","author":"M Yoshigi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Yoshigi, M., Hoffman, L. M., Jensen, C. C., Yost, H. J. & Beckerle, M. C. Mechanical force mobilizes zyxin from focal adhesions to actin filaments and regulates cytoskeletal reinforcement. J. Cell Biol. 171, 209\u2013215 (2005).","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"BFncb2269_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3519","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.00394-10","volume":"30","author":"GE Woodard","year":"2010","unstructured":"Woodard, G. E. et al. Ric-8A and Gi alpha recruit LGN, NuMA, and dynein to the\u00a0cell\u00a0cortex to help orient the mitotic spindle. Mol. Cell Biol. 30, 3519\u20133530 (2010).","journal-title":"Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"BFncb2269_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1650","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1165594","volume":"322","author":"O Hamant","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hamant, O. et al. Developmental patterning by mechanical signals in Arabidopsis. Science 322, 1650\u20131655 (2008).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFncb2269_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20863","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1011086107","volume":"107","author":"J Ranft","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ranft, J. et al. Fluidization of tissues by cell division and apoptosis. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 107, 20863\u201320868 (2010).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"BFncb2269_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-679X(10)97008-8","volume":"97","author":"A Azioune","year":"2010","unstructured":"Azioune, A., Carpi, N., Tseng, Q., Thery, M. & Piel, M. Protein micropatterns: a direct printing protocol using deep UVs. Methods Cell Biol. 97, 133\u2013146 (2010).","journal-title":"Methods Cell Biol."},{"key":"BFncb2269_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103101","DOI":"10.1063\/1.2356852","volume":"77","author":"SF Tolic-Norrelykke","year":"2006","unstructured":"Tolic-Norrelykke, S. F. & Schaffer, E. Calibration of optical tweezers with positional detection in the back focal plane. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 77, 103101\u2013103111 (2006).","journal-title":"Rev. Sci. Instrum."},{"key":"BFncb2269_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.3.849","volume":"94","author":"AJ Maniotis","year":"1997","unstructured":"Maniotis, A. J., Chen, C. S. & Ingber, D. E. Demonstration of mechanical connections between integrins, cytoskeletal filaments, and nucleoplasm that stabilize nuclear structure. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 94, 849\u2013854 (1997).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"BFncb2269_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02976796","volume":"42","author":"O Hertwig","year":"1893","unstructured":"Hertwig, O. Ueber den Werth der ersten Furchungszellen f\u00fcr die Organbildung des Embryo. Experimentelle Studien am Frosch-und Tritonei. Arch. Mikrosk. Anat. 42, 662\u2013807 (1893).","journal-title":"Arch. Mikrosk. Anat."},{"key":"BFncb2269_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2009.2033991","volume":"29","author":"J Boulanger","year":"2010","unstructured":"Boulanger, J. et al. Patch-based nonlocal functional for denoising fluorescence microscopy image sequences. IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging 29, 442\u2013454 (2010).","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging"}],"container-title":["Nature Cell Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/ncb2269.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/ncb2269","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/ncb2269.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,18]],"date-time":"2023-05-18T15:35:30Z","timestamp":1684424130000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/ncb2269"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,12]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,7]]}},"alternative-id":["BFncb2269"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ncb2269","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.13100956.14423054","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1465-7392","1476-4679"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1465-7392","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-4679","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,12]]}}}