{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,4]],"date-time":"2026-04-04T03:52:37Z","timestamp":1775274757894,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1996,8,1]],"date-time":"1996-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":838857600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nat Genet"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,8]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/ng0896-464","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,18]],"date-time":"2004-08-18T20:19:22Z","timestamp":1092860362000},"page":"464-468","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":476,"title":["A genome screen in multiple sclerosis reveals susceptibility loci on chromosome 6p21 and 17q22"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Stephen","family":"Sawcer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hywel B.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Feakes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Gray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Niki","family":"Smaldon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeremy","family":"Chataway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Neil","family":"Robertson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Clayton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter N.","family":"Goodfellow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alastair","family":"Compston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"BFng0896464_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.58.1.2","volume":"58","author":"NP Robertson","year":"1995","unstructured":"Robertson, N.P. & Compston, D.A.S. Surveying multiple sclerosis in the United Kingdom. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psych. 58, 2\u20136 (1995).","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psych."},{"key":"BFng0896464_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1320290310","volume":"29","author":"AD Sadovnick","year":"1988","unstructured":"Sadovnick, A.D., Baird, P.A. & Ward, R.H. Multiple sclerosis; updated risks for relatives. Am. J. Med. Genet. 29, 533\u2013541 (1988).","journal-title":"Am. J. Med. Genet."},{"key":"BFng0896464_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/119.2.449","volume":"119","author":"NP Robertson","year":"1996","unstructured":"Robertson, N.P., Fraser, M., Deans, J., Clayton, D. & Compston, D.A.S. Age adjusted recurrence risks for relatives of patients with multiple sclerosis. Brain 119, 449\u2013455 (1996).","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"BFng0896464_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1638","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198612253152603","volume":"315","author":"GC Ebers","year":"1986","unstructured":"Ebers, G.C., Bulman, D.E. & Sadovnick, A.D. A population based study of multiple sclerosis in twins. N. Eng. J. Med. 315, 1638\u20131642 (1986).","journal-title":"N. Eng. J. Med."},{"key":"BFng0896464_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410330309","volume":"33","author":"AD Sadovnick","year":"1993","unstructured":"Sadovnick, A.D., Armstrong, H. & Rice, G.P.A. A poulation based study of multiple sclerosis in twins: updated. Ann. Neurol. 33, 281\u2013285 (1993).","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"BFng0896464_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.44.1.11","volume":"44","author":"CJ Mumford","year":"1994","unstructured":"Mumford, C.J. et al. The British Isles survey of multiple sclerosis in twins. Neurology 44, 11\u201315 (1994).","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"BFng0896464_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1038\/377150a0","volume":"377","author":"GC Ebers","year":"1995","unstructured":"Ebers, G.C., Sadovnick, A.D., Risch, N.J. & the Canadian Collaborative Study Group. A genetic basis for familial aggregation in multiple sclerosis. Nature 377, 150\u2013151 (1995).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFng0896464_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"814","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(75)80033-X","volume":"ii","author":"RJ Winchester","year":"1975","unstructured":"Winchester, R.J. et al. B-cell alloantigen Ag7a in multiple sclerosis. Lancet ii, 814 (1975).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BFng0896464_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(76)92027-4","volume":"ii","author":"DAS Compston","year":"1976","unstructured":"Compston, D.A.S., Batchelor, J.R. & McDonald, W.I. B lymphocyte alloantigens associated with multiple sclerosis. Lancet ii, 1261\u20131265 (1976).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BFng0896464_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(82)91702-0","volume":"ii","author":"GC Ebers","year":"1982","unstructured":"Ebers, G.C. et al. HLA typing and sibling pairs with multiple sclerosis. Lancet ii, 88\u201390 (1982).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BFng0896464_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-5728(95)00015-T","volume":"58","author":"H Kellar Wood","year":"1995","unstructured":"Kellar Wood, H. et al. Multiple sclerosis and the HLA-D region: linkage and association studies. J. Neuroimmunol. 58, 183\u2013190 (1995).","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"key":"BFng0896464_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1266","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI115128","volume":"87","author":"MA Walter","year":"1991","unstructured":"Walter, M.A., Gibson, W.T., Ebers, G.C. & Cox, D.W. Susceptibility to multiple sclerosis is associated with the proximal immunoglobulin heavy chain region. J. Clin. Invest. 87, 1266\u20131273 (1991).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"BFng0896464_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-5728(93)90270-9","volume":"44","author":"L Hashimoto","year":"1993","unstructured":"Hashimoto, L., Walter, M., Cox, D. & Ebers, G.C. Immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region polymorphisms in multiple sclerosis susceptibility. J. Neuroimmunol. 44, 77\u201383 (1993).","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"key":"BFng0896464_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00866919","volume":"242","author":"N Wood","year":"1995","unstructured":"Wood, N. et al. Susceptibility to multiple sclerosis and the immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region. J. Neurol. 242, 677\u2013682 (1995).","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"key":"BFng0896464_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(89)90046-9","volume":"57","author":"E Seboun","year":"1989","unstructured":"Seboun, E. et al. A susceptibility locus for multiple sclerosis is linked to the T cell receptor beta chain complex. Cell 57, 1095\u20131100 (1989).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"BFng0896464_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-5728(93)90163-S","volume":"45","author":"SS Beall","year":"1993","unstructured":"Beall, S.S., Biddison, W.E., McFarlin, D.E., McFarland, H., & Hood, L.E., Susceptibility for multiple sclerosis is determined, in part, by inheritance of a 175-kb region of the TCR V beta locus and the HIA class II genes. J. Neuroimmunol. 45, 53\u201360 (1993).","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"key":"BFng0896464_CR17","first-page":"A199","volume":"55","author":"MA Pericak-Vance","year":"1994","unstructured":"Pericak-Vance, M.A. et al. Segregation with markers on chromosome 19q suggest a susceptibility locus for multiple sclerosis (MS). Am. J. Hum. Genet. 55, A199 (1994).","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"BFng0896464_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-5728(93)90069-B","volume":"43","author":"J Hillert","year":"1993","unstructured":"Hillert, J. Immunoglobulin constant region gene polymorphisms in multiple sclerosis. J. Neuroimmunol. 43, 9\u201314 (1993).","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"key":"BFng0896464_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1859","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.45.10.1859","volume":"45","author":"NW Wood","year":"1995","unstructured":"Wood, N.W., Sawcer, S.J., Robertson, N., Clayton, D. & Compston, D.A.S., T-cell receptor beta locus and susceptibility to multiple sclerosis. Neurology 45, 1859\u20131863 (1995).","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"BFng0896464_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)93007-A","volume":"340","author":"P Tienari","year":"1993","unstructured":"Tienari, P., Wikstrom, J., Sajantila, A., Palo, J. & Peltonen, L. Genetic susceptibility to multiple sclerosis linked to the myelin basic protein gene. Lancet 340, 987\u2013991 (1993).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BFng0896464_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(93)91003-5","volume":"341","author":"J Rose","year":"1993","unstructured":"Rose, J. et al. Genetic susceptibility in familial multiple sclerosis not linked to myelin basic protein gene. Lancet 341, 1179\u20131181 (1993).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BFng0896464_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.57.10.1191","volume":"57","author":"NW Wood","year":"1994","unstructured":"Wood, N.W., Holmans, P., Clayton, D., Robertson, N. & Compston, D.A.S. No linkage or association between multiple sclerosis and the myelin basic protein gene in affected sibling pairs. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psych. 57, 1191\u20131194 (1994).","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psych."},{"key":"BFng0896464_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1038\/ng0794-390","volume":"7","author":"PW Reed","year":"1994","unstructured":"Reed, P.W. et al. Chromosome-specific microsatellite sets for fluorescence-based, semiautomated genome mapping. Nature Genet. 7, 390\u2013395 (1994).","journal-title":"Nature Genet."},{"key":"BFng0896464_CR24","first-page":"222","volume":"46","author":"N Risch","year":"1990","unstructured":"Risch, N. Linkage strategies for genetically complex traits. I. Muttilocus models. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 46, 222\u2013228 (1990).","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"BFng0896464_CR25","volume-title":"Analysis of human genetic linkage.","author":"J Ott","year":"1991","unstructured":"Ott, J. Analysis of human genetic linkage. (The John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, 1991)."},{"key":"BFng0896464_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1195-241","volume":"11","author":"E Lander","year":"1995","unstructured":"Lander, E. & Kruglyak, L. Genetic dissection of complex traits: guidelines for interpreting and reporting linkage results. Nature Genet. 11, 241\u2013247 (1995).","journal-title":"Nature Genet."},{"key":"BFng0896464_CR27","volume-title":"Genetic Approaches to Mental Disorders","author":"BK Suarez","year":"1994","unstructured":"Suarez, B.K., Hampe, C.L. & Van-Eerdewegh, P., Genetic Approaches to Mental Disorders. (American Psychiatric Press, Washington DC, 1994)."},{"key":"BFng0896464_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410130302","volume":"13","author":"CM Poser","year":"1983","unstructured":"Poser, C.M. et al. New diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: guidelines for research protocols. Ann. Neurol. 13, 227\u2013231 (1983).","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"BFng0896464_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4008","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/19.14.4008","volume":"19","author":"RH Don","year":"1991","unstructured":"Don, R.H., Cox, P.T., Wainwright, B.J., Baker, K. & Mattick, J.S. \u2018Touchdown\u2019 PCR to circumvent spurious priming during gene amplification. Nucl. Acids. Res. 19, 4008 (1991).","journal-title":"Nucl. Acids. Res."},{"key":"BFng0896464_CR30","first-page":"439","volume":"57","author":"L Kruglyak","year":"1995","unstructured":"Kruglyak, L. & Lander, E.S. Complete multipoint sib-pair analysis of qualitative and quantitative traits. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 57, 439\u2013454 (1995).","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"BFng0896464_CR31","first-page":"1221","volume":"57","author":"P Holmans","year":"1995","unstructured":"Holmans, P. & Clayton, D. Efficiency of typing unaffected relatives in an affected sib-pair linkage study. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 57, 1221\u20131232 (1995).","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"BFng0896464_CR32","first-page":"362","volume":"52","author":"P Holmans","year":"1993","unstructured":"Holmans, P. Asymptotic properties of affected-sib-pair linkage analysis. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 52, 362\u2013374 (1993).","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"BFng0896464_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1038\/ng0694supp-246","volume":"7","author":"G Gyapay","year":"1994","unstructured":"Gyapay, G. et al. The 1993-94 Genethon human genetic linkage map. Nature Genet. 7, 246\u2013339 (1994).","journal-title":"Nature Genet."},{"key":"BFng0896464_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1038\/371130a0","volume":"371","author":"JL Davies","year":"1994","unstructured":"Davies, J.L. et al. A genome-wide search for human type 1 diabetes susceptibility genes. Nature 371, 130\u2013136 (1994).","journal-title":"Nature"}],"container-title":["Nature Genetics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/ng0896-464","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/ng0896-464.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/ng0896-464.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,18]],"date-time":"2023-05-18T20:54:09Z","timestamp":1684443249000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/ng0896-464"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1996,8]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,8]]}},"alternative-id":["BFng0896464"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ng0896-464","relation":{},"ISSN":["1061-4036","1546-1718"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1061-4036","type":"print"},{"value":"1546-1718","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1996,8]]}}}