{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T16:17:14Z","timestamp":1762100234622},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1996,4,1]],"date-time":"1996-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":828316800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nat Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,4]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/nm0496-381","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,19]],"date-time":"2004-08-19T01:30:47Z","timestamp":1092879047000},"page":"381-385","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":99,"title":["Tamoxifen: Teaching an old drug new tricks?"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"David J.","family":"Grainger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"James C.","family":"Metcalfe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"BFnm0496381_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.151.2.1116","volume":"151","author":"L Santambrogio","year":"1993","unstructured":"Santambrogio, L. et al. Studies on the mechanisms by which transforming growth factor-\u03b2 protects against allergic encephalomyelitis \u2014 antagonism between TGF-\u03b2 and tumour necrosis factor. J. Immunol. 151, 116\u20131127 (1993).","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnm0496381_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-6009(08)80220-6","volume":"22","author":"RL Ward","year":"1993","unstructured":"Ward, R.L., Morgan, G.;., Dalley, D. & Kelly, P.J. Tamoxifen reduces bone turnover and prevents lumbar spine and proximal femoral bone loss in early postmenopausal women. Bone Miner. 22, 87\u201394 (1993).","journal-title":"Bone Miner."},{"key":"BFnm0496381_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1095-1067","volume":"1","author":"DJ Grainger","year":"1995","unstructured":"Grainger, D.J., Witchell, C.M. & Metcalfe, J.C. Tamoxifen elevates transforming growth factor-\u03b2 and suppresses diet-induced formation of lipid lesions in mouse aorta. Nature Med. 1, 1067\u20131072 (1995).","journal-title":"Nature Med."},{"key":"BFnm0496381_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(94)92692-1","volume":"343","author":"FE van Leeuwen","year":"1994","unstructured":"van Leeuwen, F.E. et al. Risk of endometrial cancer after tamoxifen treatment of breast cancer. Lancet 343, 448\u2013452 (1994).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BFnm0496381_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/87.9.645","volume":"87","author":"LE Rutquist","year":"1995","unstructured":"Rutquist, L.E. et al. Adjuvant tamoxifen therapy for early-stage breast cancer and second primary malignancies. J. Natl Cancer Inst. 87, 645\u2013651 (1995).","journal-title":"J. Natl Cancer Inst."},{"key":"BFnm0496381_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/15.3.439","volume":"15","author":"GA Potter","year":"1994","unstructured":"Potter, G.A., McCague, R. & Jarman, M. A mechanistic hypothesis for DNA adduct formation by tamoxifen following hepatic oxidative metabolism. Carcinogenesis 15, 439\u2013442 (1994).","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"key":"BFnm0496381_CR7","first-page":"349","volume":"54","author":"PS Karnik","year":"1994","unstructured":"Karnik, P.S., Kulkarni, S., Liu, X.P., Budd, G.T. & Bukowski, R.M. Estrogen-receptor mutations in tamoxifen resistant breast cancer. Cancer Res. 54, 349\u2013353 (1994).","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"BFnm0496381_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1990.307","volume":"62","author":"AA Colletta","year":"1990","unstructured":"Colletta, A.A. et al. Anti-oestrogens induce the secretion of active transforming growth factor \u03b2 from human fetal fibroblasts. Br. J. Cancer 62, 405\u2013409 (1990).","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"key":"BFnm0496381_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/0303-7207(93)90217-8","volume":"92","author":"MH Jeng","year":"1993","unstructured":"Jeng, M.H., Tendijke, P., Iwata, K.K. & Jordan, V.C. Regulation of the levels of three transforming growth factor-\u03b2 mRNAs by estrogen and their effects on the proliferation of human breast cancer cells. Mol Cell. Endocrinol. 92, 115\u2013123 (1993).","journal-title":"Mol Cell. Endocrinol."},{"key":"BFnm0496381_CR10","first-page":"4261","volume":"52","author":"A Butta","year":"1992","unstructured":"Butta, A. et al. Induction of transforming growth factor \u03b21 in human breast cancer in vivo following tamoxifen treatment. Cancer Res. 52, 4261\u20134264 (1992).","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"BFnm0496381_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1336","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7761852","volume":"268","author":"S Markowitz","year":"1995","unstructured":"Markowitz, S. et al. Inactivation of the type II TGF-\u03b2 receptor in colon cancer cells with micro-satellite instability. Science 268, 1336\u20131338 (1995).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFnm0496381_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4254","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.10.4254","volume":"92","author":"DF Pierce","year":"1995","unstructured":"Pierce, D.F. et al. Mammary tumour suppression by transforming growth factor \u03b21 transgene expression. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92, 4254\u20134258 (1995).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"BFnm0496381_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1486","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.87.4.1486","volume":"87","author":"G Torre-Amione","year":"1990","unstructured":"Torre-Amione, G. et al. A highly immunogenic tumour transfected with a murine transforming growth factor type \u03b21 cDNA escapes immune surveillance. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87, 1486\u20131490 (1990).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"BFnm0496381_CR14","first-page":"abstract 185","volume":"10","author":"BL Langdahl","year":"1995","unstructured":"Langdahl, B.L., Brixen, K., Jensen, H.K., Gregersen, N. & Eriksen, E.F. Mutations in the TGF-beta-1 gene are correlated to low bone mass and increased bone turnover. J. Bone Mineral Res. 10, abstract 185 (1995).","journal-title":"J. Bone Mineral Res."},{"key":"BFnm0496381_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.303.6800.435","volume":"303","author":"CC MacDonald","year":"1991","unstructured":"MacDonald, C.C. & Stewart, H.J. Fatal myocar-dial infarction in the Scottish adjuvant tamoxifen trial. Br. Med. J. 303, 435\u2013437 (1991).","journal-title":"Br. Med. J."},{"key":"BFnm0496381_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.311.7011.977","volume":"311","author":"CC MacDonald","year":"1995","unstructured":"MacDonald, C.C., Alexander, F.E., Whyte, B.W., Forrest, A.P. & Stewart, H.J. Cardiac and vascular morbidity in women receiving adjuvant tamoxifen for breast cancer in a randomised trial. Brit. Med.J. 311, 977\u2013980 (1995).","journal-title":"Brit. Med.J."},{"key":"BFnm0496381_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-185X.1995.tb01652.x","volume":"70","author":"DJ Grainger","year":"1995","unstructured":"Grainger, D.J. Metcalfe, J.C. DJ Metcalfe, J.C. A pivotal role for TGF-\u03b2 in atherogenesis? Biol. Rev. Camb. Philos. Soc. 70, 571\u2013596 (1995).","journal-title":"Biol. Rev. Camb. Philos. Soc."},{"key":"BFnm0496381_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1038\/370460a0","volume":"370","author":"DJ Grainger","year":"1994","unstructured":"Grainger, D.J., Kemp, P.R., Liu, A.C., Lawn, R.M. & Metcalfe, J.C. Activation of transforming growth factor \u03b2 is inhibited in transgenic apolipopro-tein(a) mice. Nature 370, 460\u2013462 (1994).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnm0496381_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4971","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.15.9.4971","volume":"15","author":"B Stein","year":"1995","unstructured":"Stein, B. & Yang, M.X. Repression of the interleukin-6 promoter by estrogen receptor is mediated by NFKB and C\/EBP\u03b2. Mol. Cell. Biol. 15, 4971\u20134979 (1995).","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biol."},{"key":"BFnm0496381_CR20","first-page":"401","volume":"9","author":"E Caldenhoven","year":"1995","unstructured":"Caldenhoven, E. et al. Negative cross-talk between RelA and the glucocorticoid receptor: A possible mechanism for the anti-inflammatory action of glucocorticoids. Mol. Endocrinol. 9, 401\u2013412 (1995).","journal-title":"Mol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"BFnm0496381_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1016\/0960-9822(93)90216-B","volume":"3","author":"A Mauviel","year":"1993","unstructured":"Mauviel, A., Chen, Y.Q., Dong, W., Evans, C.H. & Ditto, J. Transcriptional interactions of TGF-p with pro-inflammatory cytokines. Curr. Biol. 3, 822\u2013831 (1993).","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"BFnm0496381_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1095-1000","volume":"1","author":"WA Border","year":"1995","unstructured":"Border, W.A. & Noble, N.A., TGF-\u03b2 for treatment of disease. Nature Med. 1, 1000\u20131001 (1995).","journal-title":"Nature Med."},{"key":"BFnm0496381_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867301666220210212635","volume":"1","author":"RA Magarian","year":"1994","unstructured":"Magarian, R.A., Overacre, L.B., Singh, S. & Meyer, K.L. The medicinal chemistry of non-steroidal antiestrogens: A review. Curr. Med. Chem. 1, 61\u2013104 (1994).","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Chem."}],"container-title":["Nature Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nm0496-381","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nm0496-381.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nm0496-381.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,18]],"date-time":"2023-05-18T22:19:53Z","timestamp":1684448393000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nm0496-381"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1996,4]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,4]]}},"alternative-id":["BFnm0496381"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nm0496-381","relation":{},"ISSN":["1078-8956","1546-170X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1078-8956","type":"print"},{"value":"1546-170X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1996,4]]}}}