{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T18:01:29Z","timestamp":1774893689266,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":128,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"S4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,1]],"date-time":"2005-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1112313600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nat Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,4]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/nm1226","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,6]],"date-time":"2005-04-06T09:21:32Z","timestamp":1112779292000},"page":"S69-S76","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":256,"title":["Peptide-based therapeutic vaccines for allergic and autoimmune diseases"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Mark","family":"Larch\u00e9","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"David C","family":"Wraith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFnm1226_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-065X.2002.19015.x","volume":"190","author":"W Cookson","year":"2002","unstructured":"Cookson, W. Genetics and genomics of asthma and allergic diseases. Immunol. Rev. 190, 195\u2013206 (2002).","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1016\/0952-7915(95)80049-2","volume":"7","author":"TR Merriman","year":"1995","unstructured":"Merriman, T.R. & Todd, J.A. Genetics of autoimmune disease. Curr. Opin. Immunol. 7, 786\u2013792 (1995).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1038\/ng0896-464","volume":"13","author":"S Sawcer","year":"1996","unstructured":"Sawcer, S. et al. A genome screen in multiple sclerosis reveals susceptibility loci on chromosome 6p21 and 17q22. Nat. Genet. 13, 464\u2013468 (1996).","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.gene.6363635","volume":"1","author":"D Bali","year":"1999","unstructured":"Bali, D. et al. Genetic analysis of multiplex rheumatoid arthritis families. Genes Immun. 1, 28\u201336 (1999).","journal-title":"Genes Immun."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.299.6710.1259","volume":"299","author":"DP Strachan","year":"1989","unstructured":"Strachan, D.P. Hay fever, hygiene, and household size. Br. Med. J. 299, 1259\u20131260 (1989).","journal-title":"Br. Med. J."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-002-0801-1","volume":"45","author":"EA Gale","year":"2002","unstructured":"Gale, E.A. A missing link in the hygiene hypothesis? Diabetologia 45, 588\u2013594 (2002).","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)17704-6","volume":"365","author":"T Heaton","year":"2005","unstructured":"Heaton, T. et al. An immunoepidemiological approach to asthma: identification of in vitro T-cell response patterns associated with different wheezing phenotypes in children. Lancet 365, 142\u2013149 (2005).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI5155","volume":"103","author":"G Hansen","year":"1999","unstructured":"Hansen, G., Berry, G., DeKruyff, R.H. & Umetsu, D. T. Allergen-specific Th1 cells fail to counterbalance Th2 cell-induced airway hyperreactivity but cause severe airway inflammation. J. Clin. Invest. 103, 175\u2013183 (1999).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.186.2.307","volume":"186","author":"JJ Lafaille","year":"1997","unstructured":"Lafaille, J.J. et al. Myelin basic protein-specific T helper 2 (Th2) cells cause experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in immunodeficient hosts rather than protect them from the disease. J. Exp. Med. 186, 307\u2013312 (1997).","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20021387","volume":"197","author":"T Barthlott","year":"2003","unstructured":"Barthlott, T., Kassiotis, G. & Stockinger, B. T cell regulation as a side effect of homeostasis and competition. J. Exp. Med. 197, 451\u2013460 (2003).","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra020100","volume":"347","author":"JF Bach","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bach, J.F. The effect of infections on susceptibility to autoimmune and allergic diseases. N. Engl. J. Med. 347, 911\u2013920 (2002).","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2004.09.015","volume":"16","author":"DC Wraith","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wraith, D.C., Nicolson, K.S. & Whitley, N.T. Regulatory CD4(+) T cells and the control of autoimmune disease. Curr. Opin. Immunol. 16, 695\u2013701 (2004).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)15592-X","volume":"363","author":"EM Ling","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ling, E.M. et al. Relation of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T-cell suppression of allergen-driven T-cell activation to atopic status and expression of allergic disease. Lancet 363, 608\u2013615 (2004).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5760","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.171.11.5760","volume":"171","author":"A Cavani","year":"2003","unstructured":"Cavani, A. et al. Human CD25+ regulatory T cells maintain immune tolerance to nickel in healthy, nonallergic individuals. J. Immunol. 171, 5760\u20135768 (2003).","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1679","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20032121","volume":"199","author":"MR Karlsson","year":"2004","unstructured":"Karlsson, M.R., Rugtveit, J. & Brandtzaeg, P. Allergen-responsive CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in children who have outgrown cow's milk allergy. J. Exp. Med. 199, 1679\u20131688 (2004).","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2004.01.772","volume":"113","author":"LS Ou","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ou, L.S., Goleva, E., Hall, C. & Leung, D.Y. T regulatory cells in atopic dermatitis and subversion of their activity by superantigens. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 113, 756\u2013763 (2004).","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2003-11-3900","volume":"105","author":"A Balandina","year":"2005","unstructured":"Balandina, A., Lecart, S., Dartevelle, P., Saoudi, A. & Berrih-Aknin, S. Functional defect of regulatory CD4(+)CD25+ T cells in the thymus of patients with autoimmune myasthenia gravis. Blood 105, 735\u2013741 (2005).","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6435","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.10.6435","volume":"172","author":"IM de Kleer","year":"2004","unstructured":"de Kleer, I.M. et al. CD4+CD25bright regulatory T cells actively regulate inflammation in the joints of patients with the remitting form of juvenile idiopathic arthritis. J. Immunol. 172, 6435\u20136443 (2004).","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI19585","volume":"113","author":"S Arif","year":"2004","unstructured":"Arif, S. et al. Autoreactive T cell responses show proinflammatory polarization in diabetes but a regulatory phenotype in health. J. Clin. Invest. 113, 451\u2013463 (2004).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20031579","volume":"199","author":"V Viglietta","year":"2004","unstructured":"Viglietta, V., Baecher-Allan, C., Weiner, H.L. & Hafler, D.A. Loss of functional suppression by CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in patients with multiple sclerosis. J. Exp. Med. 199, 971\u2013979 (2004).","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199906)42:6<1219::AID-ANR19>3.0.CO;2-G","volume":"42","author":"JH Barrett","year":"1999","unstructured":"Barrett, J.H., Brennan, P., Fiddler, M. & Silman, A.J. Does rheumatoid arthritis remit during pregnancy and relapse postpartum? Results from a nationwide study in the United Kingdom performed prospectively from late pregnancy. Arthritis Rheum. 42, 1219\u20131227 (1999).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)04168-4","volume":"357","author":"T Platts-Mills","year":"2001","unstructured":"Platts-Mills, T., Vaughan, J., Squillace, S., Woodfolk, J. & Sporik, R. Sensitisation, asthma, and a modified Th2 response in children exposed to cat allergen: a population-based cross-sectional study. Lancet 357, 752\u2013756 (2001).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199908123410702","volume":"341","author":"SR Durham","year":"1999","unstructured":"Durham, S.R. et al. Long-term clinical efficacy of grass-pollen immunotherapy. N. Engl. J. Med. 341, 468\u2013475 (1999).","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/S1081-1206(10)63136-5","volume":"81","author":"J Bousquet","year":"1998","unstructured":"Bousquet, J. et al. Allergen immunotherapy: therapeutic vaccines for allergic diseases. World Health Organization. American academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology. Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. 81, 401\u2013405 (1998).","journal-title":"Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1572","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)78276-6","volume":"i","author":"L Noon","year":"1911","unstructured":"Noon, L. Prophylactic innoculation against hay fever. Lancet i, 1572\u20131573 (1911).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.1997.tb01252.x","volume":"27","author":"C Ebner","year":"1997","unstructured":"Ebner, C. et al. Immunological changes during specific immunotherapy of grass pollen allergy: reduced lymphoproliferative responses to allergen and shift from TH2 to TH1 in T-cell clones specific for Phl p 1, a major grass pollen allergen. Clin. Exp. Allergy 27, 1007\u20131015 (1997).","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Allergy"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2123","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.178.6.2123","volume":"178","author":"H Secrist","year":"1993","unstructured":"Secrist, H., Chelen, C.J., Wen, Y., Marshall, J.D. & Umetsu, D.T. Allergen immunotherapy decreases interleukin 4 production in CD4+ T cells from allergic individuals. J. Exp. Med. 178, 2123\u20132130 (1993).","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI116633","volume":"92","author":"VA Varney","year":"1993","unstructured":"Varney, V.A. et al. Influence of grass pollen immunotherapy on cellular infiltration and cytokine mRNA expression during allergen-induced late-phase cutaneous responses. J. Clin. Invest. 92, 644\u2013651 (1993).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2567.2002.01338.x","volume":"105","author":"PA Wachholz","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wachholz, P.A. et al. Grass pollen immunotherapy for hayfever is associated with increases in local nasal but not peripheral Th1:Th2 cytokine ratios. Immunology 105, 56\u201362 (2002).","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR30","first-page":"1255","volume":"111","author":"JN Francis","year":"2003","unstructured":"Francis, J.N., Till, S.J. & Durham, S.R. Induction of IL-10+CD4+CD25+ T cells by grass pollen immunotherapy. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 111, 1255\u20131261 (2003).","journal-title":"Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1205","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200322919","volume":"33","author":"M Jutel","year":"2003","unstructured":"Jutel, M. et al. IL-10 and TGF-beta cooperate in the regulatory T cell response to mucosal allergens in normal immunity and specific immunotherapy. Eur. J. Immunol. 33, 1205\u20131214 (2003).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3252","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.5.3252","volume":"172","author":"KT Nouri-Aria","year":"2004","unstructured":"Nouri-Aria, K.T. et al. Grass pollen immunotherapy induces mucosal and peripheral IL-10 responses and blocking IgG activity. J. Immunol. 172, 3252\u20133259 (2004).","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3704","DOI":"10.1002\/1521-4141(200112)31:12<3704::AID-IMMU3704>3.0.CO;2-3","volume":"31","author":"SM Nasser","year":"2001","unstructured":"Nasser, S.M., Ying, S., Meng, Q., Kay, A.B. & Ewan, P.W. Interleukin-10 levels increase in cutaneous biopsies of patients undergoing wasp venom immunotherapy. Eur. J. Immunol. 31, 3704\u20133713 (2001).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1625","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/11.10.1625","volume":"11","author":"C Burkhart","year":"1999","unstructured":"Burkhart, C., Liu, G.Y., Anderton, S.M., Metzler, B. & Wraith, D.C. Peptide-induced T cell regulation of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis: a role for IL-10. Int. Immunol. 11, 1625\u20131634 (1999).","journal-title":"Int. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1240","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.170.3.1240","volume":"170","author":"A Sundstedt","year":"2003","unstructured":"Sundstedt, A., O'Neill, E. J., Nicolson, K. S. & Wraith, D. C. Role for IL-10 in suppression mediated by peptide-induced regulatory T cells in vivo. J. Immunol. 170, 1240\u20131248 (2003).","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20011629","volume":"195","author":"FJ Barrat","year":"2002","unstructured":"Barrat, F.J. et al. In vitro generation of interleukin 10-producing regulatory CD4(+) T cells is induced by immunosuppressive drugs and inhibited by T helper type 1 (Th1)- and Th2-inducing cytokines. J. Exp. Med. 195, 603\u2013616 (2002).","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.186.1.159","volume":"186","author":"PM Mathisen","year":"1997","unstructured":"Mathisen, P.M., Yu, M., Johnson, J.M., Drazba, J.A. & Tuohy, V.K. Treatment of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis with genetically modified memory T cells. J. Exp. Med. 186, 159\u2013164 (1997).","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1676","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI118963","volume":"98","author":"CA Akdis","year":"1996","unstructured":"Akdis, C.A. et al. Epitope-specific T cell tolerance to phospholipase A2 in bee venom immunotherapy and recovery by IL-2 and IL-15 in vitro. J. Clin. Invest. 98, 1676\u20131683 (1996).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI2250","volume":"102","author":"CA Akdis","year":"1998","unstructured":"Akdis, C.A., Blesken, T., Akdis, M., Wuthrich, B. & Blaser, K. Role of interleukin 10 in specific immunotherapy. J. Clin. Invest 102, 98\u2013106 (1998).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3555","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.160.7.3555","volume":"160","author":"P Jeannin","year":"1998","unstructured":"Jeannin, P., Lecoanet, S., Delneste, Y., Gauchat, J.F. & Bonnefoy, J.Y. IgE versus IgG4 production can be differentially regulated by IL-10. J. Immunol. 160, 3555\u20133561 (1998).","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1158","volume":"6","author":"SJ Galli","year":"2005","unstructured":"Galli, S.J., Nakae, S. & Tsai, M. Mast cells in the development of adaptive immune responses. Nat. Immunol. 6, 135\u2013142 (2005).","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1016\/S1471-4906(03)00233-3","volume":"24","author":"R Pedotti","year":"2003","unstructured":"Pedotti, R., De Voss, J.J., Steinman, L. & Galli, S.J. Involvement of both 'allergic' and 'autoimmune' mechanisms in EAE, MS and other autoimmune diseases. Trends Immunol. 24, 479\u2013484 (2003).","journal-title":"Trends Immunol."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5699(95)80068-9","volume":"16","author":"RS Liblau","year":"1995","unstructured":"Liblau, R.S., Singer, S.M. & McDevitt, H.O. Th1 and Th2 CD4+ T cells in the pathogenesis of organ-specific autoimmune diseases. Immunol. Today 16, 34\u201338 (1995).","journal-title":"Immunol. Today"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI8970","volume":"105","author":"PW Duda","year":"2000","unstructured":"Duda, P.W., Schmied, M.C., Cook, S.L., Krieger, J.I. & Hafler, D.A. Glatiramer acetate (Copaxone) induces degenerate, Th2-polarized immune responses in patients with multiple sclerosis. J. Clin. Invest. 105, 967\u2013976 (2000).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Munari, L., Lovati, R. & Boiko, A. Therapy with glatiramer acetate for multiple sclerosis. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. CD004678 (2004).","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004678"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1191\/1352458503ms961oa","volume":"9","author":"KP Johnson","year":"2003","unstructured":"Johnson, K.P. et al. Glatiramer acetate (Copaxone): comparison of continuous versus delayed therapy in a six-year organized multiple sclerosis trial. Mult. Scler. 9, 585\u2013591 (2003).","journal-title":"Mult. Scler."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.2004.00351.x","volume":"111","author":"KP Johnson","year":"2005","unstructured":"Johnson, K.P., Ford, C.C., Lisak, R.P. & Wolinsky, J.S. Neurologic consequence of delaying glatiramer acetate therapy for multiple sclerosis: 8-year data. Acta Neurol. Scand. 111, 42\u201347 (2005).","journal-title":"Acta Neurol. Scand."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11743","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0403832101","volume":"101","author":"JN Stern","year":"2004","unstructured":"Stern, J.N. et al. Amelioration of proteolipid protein 139-151-induced encephalomyelitis in SJL mice by modified amino acid copolymers and their mechanisms. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101, 11743\u201311748 (2004).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1620","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0409022102","volume":"102","author":"JN Stern","year":"2005","unstructured":"Stern, J.N. et al. Peptide 15-mers of defined sequence that substitute for random amino acid copolymers in amelioration of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102, 1620\u20131625 (2005).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2776(08)60787-7","volume":"73","author":"AM Faria","year":"1999","unstructured":"Faria, A.M. & Weiner, H.L. Oral tolerance: mechanisms and therapeutic applications. Adv. Immunol. 73, 153\u2013264 (1999).","journal-title":"Adv. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-182905000-00010","volume":"4","author":"R Dakin","year":"1829","unstructured":"Dakin, R. Remarks on a cutaneous affection produced by certain poisonous vegetables. Am. J. Med. Sci. 4, 98\u2013100 (1829).","journal-title":"Am. J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5699(97)01053-0","volume":"18","author":"HL Weiner","year":"1997","unstructured":"Weiner, H.L. Oral tolerance: immune mechanisms and treatment of autoimmune diseases. Immunol. Today 18, 335\u2013343 (1997).","journal-title":"Immunol. Today"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)71070-0","volume":"123","author":"RB Nussenblatt","year":"1997","unstructured":"Nussenblatt, R.B. et al. Treatment of uveitis by oral administration of retinal antigens: results of a phase I\/II randomized masked trial. Am. J. Ophthalmol. 123, 583\u2013592 (1997).","journal-title":"Am. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7196","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.14.7196","volume":"93","author":"JB Sun","year":"1996","unstructured":"Sun, J.B., Rask, C., Olsson, T., Holmgren, J. & Czerkinsky, C. Treatment of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by feeding myelin basic protein conjugated to cholera toxin B subunit. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93, 7196\u20137201 (1996).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5699(98)01397-8","volume":"20","author":"NA Williams","year":"1999","unstructured":"Williams, N.A., Hirst, T.R., & Nashar, T.O. Immune modulation by the cholera-like enterotoxins: from adjuvant to therapeutic. Immunol. Today 20, 95\u2013101 (1999).","journal-title":"Immunol. Today"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7520605","volume":"265","author":"Y Chen","year":"1994","unstructured":"Chen, Y., Kuchroo, V.K., Inobe, J., Hafler, D.A., & Weiner, H.L. Regulatory T cell clones induced by oral tolerance: suppression of autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Science 265, 1237\u20131240 (1994).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1006\/jaut.1999.0278","volume":"12","author":"R Maron","year":"1999","unstructured":"Maron, R., Melican, N.S., & Weiner, H.L. Regulatory Th2-type T cell lines against insulin and GAD peptides derived from orally- and nasally-treated NOD mice suppress diabetes. J. Autoimmun. 12, 251\u2013258 (1999).","journal-title":"J. Autoimmun."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1006\/cimm.1996.0180","volume":"171","author":"A al Sabbagh","year":"1996","unstructured":"al Sabbagh, A., Nelson, P.A., Akselband, Y., Sobel, R.A., & Weiner, H.L. Antigen-driven peripheral immune tolerance: suppression of experimental autoimmmune encephalomyelitis and collagen-induced arthritis by aerosol administration of myelin basic protein or type II collagen. Cell. Immunol. 171, 111\u2013119 (1996).","journal-title":"Cell. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR59","first-page":"120","volume":"215","author":"SM Anderton","year":"1998","unstructured":"Anderton, S.M., Burkhart, C., Liu, G.Y., Metzler, B. & Wraith, D. C. Antigen-specific tolerance induction and the immunotherapy of experimental autoimmune disease. Novartis Found. Symp. 215, 120\u2013131 (1998).","journal-title":"Novartis Found. Symp."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1077","volume":"5","author":"O Alpan","year":"2004","unstructured":"Alpan, O., Bachelder, E., Isil, E., Arnheiter, H. & Matzinger, P. 'Educated' dendritic cells act as messengers from memory to naive T helper cells. Nat. Immunol 5, 615\u2013622 (2004).","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1038\/358155a0","volume":"358","author":"PV Lehmann","year":"1992","unstructured":"Lehmann, P.V., Forsthuber, T., Miller, A. & Sercarz, E.E. Spreading of T-cell autoimmunity to cryptic determinants of an autoantigen. Nature 358, 155\u2013157 (1992).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2054","DOI":"10.1126\/science.274.5295.2054","volume":"274","author":"CP Genain","year":"1996","unstructured":"Genain, C. P. et al. Late complications of immune deviation therapy in a nonhuman primate. Science 274, 2054\u20132057 (1996).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1707","DOI":"10.1126\/science.274.5293.1707","volume":"274","author":"E Blanas","year":"1996","unstructured":"Blanas, E., Carbone, F.R., Allison, J., Miller, J.F. & Heath, W.R. Induction of autoimmune diabetes by oral administration of autoantigen. Science 274, 1707\u20131709 (1996).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.50.4.771","volume":"50","author":"A Hanninen","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hanninen, A., Braakhuis, A., Heath, W. R., & Harrison, L. C. Mucosal antigen primes diabetogenic cytotoxic T-lymphocytes regardless of dose or delivery route. Diabetes 50, 771\u2013775 (2001).","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-6749(81)90200-1","volume":"68","author":"PS Norman","year":"1981","unstructured":"Norman, P.S., Lichtenstein, L.M., & Marsh, D.G. Studies on allergoids from naturally occurring allergens. IV. Efficacy and safety of long-term allergoid treatment of ragweed hay fever. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 68, 460\u2013470 (1981).","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"BFnm1226_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14677","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0404735101","volume":"101","author":"V Niederberger","year":"2004","unstructured":"Niederberger, V. et al. Vaccination with genetically engineered allergens prevents progression of allergic disease. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101 Suppl 2, 14677\u201314682 (2004).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1515\/BC.1999.101","volume":"380","author":"R Valenta","year":"1999","unstructured":"Valenta, R. et al. Genetically engineered and synthetic allergen derivatives: candidates for vaccination against type I allergy. Biol. Chem. 380, 815\u2013824 (1999).","journal-title":"Biol. Chem."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1783","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.178.5.1783","volume":"178","author":"GF Hoyne","year":"1993","unstructured":"Hoyne, G.F., O'Hehir, R.E., Wraith, D.C., Thomas, W.R., & Lamb, J.R. Inhibition of T cell and antibody responses to house dust mite allergen by inhalation of the dominant T cell epitope in naive and sensitized mice. J. Exp. Med. 178, 1783\u20131788 (1993).","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7608","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.16.7608","volume":"90","author":"TJ Briner","year":"1993","unstructured":"Briner, T. J., Kuo, M. C., Keating, K. M., Rogers, B. L. & Greenstein, J. L. Peripheral T-cell tolerance induced in naive and primed mice by subcutaneous injection of peptides from the major cat allergen Fel d I. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90, 7608\u20137612 (1993).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1623","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.154.6.8970345","volume":"154","author":"PS Norman","year":"1996","unstructured":"Norman, P.S. et al. Treatment of cat allergy with T-cell reactive peptides. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 154, 1623\u20131628 (1996).","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1006\/clim.1999.4795","volume":"93","author":"P Maguire","year":"1999","unstructured":"Maguire, P., Nicodemus, C., Robinson, D., Aaronson, D. & Umetsu, D.T. The safety and efficacy of ALLERVAX CAT in cat allergic patients. Clin. Immunol. 93, 222\u2013231 (1999).","journal-title":"Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1937","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/8.12.1937","volume":"8","author":"FE Simons","year":"1996","unstructured":"Simons, F.E., Imada, M., Li, Y., Watson, W.T., & HayGlass, K.T. Fel d 1 peptides: effect on skin tests and cytokine synthesis in cat-allergic human subjects. Int. Immunol. 8, 1937\u20131945 (1996).","journal-title":"Int. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-6749(98)70294-5","volume":"102","author":"J Pene","year":"1998","unstructured":"Pene, J. et al. Immunotherapy with Fel d 1 peptides decreases IL-4 release by peripheral blood T cells of patients allergic to cats. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 102, 571\u2013578 (1998).","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-6749(98)70402-6","volume":"101","author":"U Muller","year":"1998","unstructured":"Muller, U. et al. Successful immunotherapy with T-cell epitope peptides of bee venom phospholipase A2 induces specific T-cell anergy in patients allergic to bee venom. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 101, 747\u2013754 (1998).","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2003.1337","volume":"111","author":"JM Fellrath","year":"2003","unstructured":"Fellrath, J.M. et al. Allergen-specific T-cell tolerance induction with allergen-derived long synthetic peptides: results of a phase I trial. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 111, 854\u2013861 (2003).","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1734","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.167.3.1734","volume":"167","author":"WL Oldfield","year":"2001","unstructured":"Oldfield, W.L., Kay, A.B. & Larche, M. Allergen-derived T cell peptide-induced late asthmatic reactions precede the induction of antigen-specific hyporesponsiveness in atopic allergic asthmatic subjects. J. Immunol. 167, 1734\u20131739 (2001).","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)09332-7","volume":"360","author":"WL Oldfield","year":"2002","unstructured":"Oldfield, W.L., Larche, M. & Kay, A.B. Effect of T-cell peptides derived from Fel d 1 on allergic reactions and cytokine production in patients sensitive to cats: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 360, 47\u201353 (2002).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR78","unstructured":"Alexander, C., Tarzi, M., Larche, M. & Kay, A. B. The effect of Fel d 1-derived T cell peptides on upper and lower airway outcome measurements in cat-allergic subjects. Allergy, in the press."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2005.02143.x","volume":"35","author":"C Alexander","year":"2005","unstructured":"Alexander, C., Ying, S., Kay, B. & Larche, M. Fel d 1-derived T cell peptide therapy induces recruitment of CD4CD25; CD4 interferon-gamma T helper type 1 cells to sites of allergen-induced late-phase skin reactions in cat-allergic subjects. Clin. Exp. Allergy 35, 52\u201358 (2005).","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Allergy"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/5.9.1159","volume":"5","author":"B Metzler","year":"1993","unstructured":"Metzler, B. & Wraith, D.C. Inhibition of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by inhalation but not oral administration of the encephalitogenic peptide: influence of MHC binding affinity. Int. Immunol 5, 1159\u20131165 (1993).","journal-title":"Int. Immunol"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1521-4141(199804)28:04<1251::AID-IMMU1251>3.0.CO;2-O","volume":"28","author":"SM Anderton","year":"1998","unstructured":"Anderton, S.M. & Wraith, D.C. Hierarchy in the ability of T cell epitopes to induce peripheral tolerance to antigens from myelin. Eur. J. Immunol 28, 1251\u20131261 (1998).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/10.8.1139","volume":"10","author":"JQ Liu","year":"1998","unstructured":"Liu, J.Q. et al. Inhibition of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in Lewis rats by nasal administration of encephalitogenic MBP peptides: synergistic effects of MBP 68-86 and 87-99. Int. Immunol. 10, 1139\u20131148 (1998).","journal-title":"Int. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.1996.tb08289.x","volume":"103","author":"NA Staines","year":"1996","unstructured":"Staines, N.A. et al. Mucosal tolerance and suppression of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) induced by nasal inhalation of synthetic peptide 184-198 of bovine type II collagen (CII) expressing a dominant T cell epitope. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 103, 368\u2013375 (1996).","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1006\/jaut.1998.0255","volume":"12","author":"CQ Chu","year":"1999","unstructured":"Chu, C.Q. & Londei, M. Differential activities of immunogenic collagen type II peptides in the induction of nasal tolerance to collagen-induced arthritis. J. Autoimmun. 12, 35\u201342 (1999).","journal-title":"J. Autoimmun."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3284","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.7.3284","volume":"94","author":"BJ Prakken","year":"1997","unstructured":"Prakken, B.J. et al. Peptide-induced nasal tolerance for a mycobacterial heat shock protein 60 T cell epitope in rats suppresses both adjuvant arthritis and nonmicrobially induced experimental arthritis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94, 3284\u20133289 (1997).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1561","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.183.4.1561","volume":"183","author":"J Tian","year":"1996","unstructured":"Tian, J. et al. Nasal administration of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65) peptides induces Th2 responses and prevents murine insulin-dependent diabetes. J. Exp. Med. 183, 1561\u20131567 (1996).","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"956","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.2.956","volume":"93","author":"D Daniel","year":"1996","unstructured":"Daniel, D. & Wegmann, D. R. Protection of nonobese diabetic mice from diabetes by intranasal or subcutaneous administration of insulin peptide B-(9-23). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93, 956\u2013960 (1996).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.46.5.758","volume":"46","author":"D Elias","year":"1997","unstructured":"Elias, D. et al. Hsp60 peptide therapy of NOD mouse diabetes induces a Th2 cytokine burst and downregulates autoimmunity to various beta-cell antigens. Diabetes 46, 758\u2013764 (1997).","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-8411(91)90162-6","volume":"4","author":"SR Thurau","year":"1991","unstructured":"Thurau, S.R., Chan, C.C., Suh, E. & Nussenblatt, R.B. Induction of oral tolerance to S-antigen induced experimental autoimmune uveitis by a uveitogenic 20mer peptide. J. Autoimmun. 4, 507\u2013516 (1991).","journal-title":"J. Autoimmun."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3027","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI119857","volume":"100","author":"PI Karachunski","year":"1997","unstructured":"Karachunski, P.I., Ostlie, N.S., Okita, D.K. & Conti-Fine, B.M. Prevention of experimental myasthenia gravis by nasal administration of synthetic acetylcholine receptor T epitope sequences. J. Clin. Invest 100, 3027\u20133035 (1997).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2168","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.040554597","volume":"97","author":"M Paas-Rozner","year":"2000","unstructured":"Paas-Rozner, M. et al. Oral administration of a dual analog of two myasthenogenic T cell epitopes down-regulates experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis in mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97, 2168\u20132173 (2000).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5728(98)00232-X","volume":"94","author":"LP Zou","year":"1999","unstructured":"Zou, L.P. et al. Antigen-specific immunosuppression: nasal tolerance to P0 protein peptides for the prevention and treatment of experimental autoimmune neuritis in Lewis rats. J. Neuroimmunol. 94, 109\u2013121 (1999).","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1749","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)06801-5","volume":"358","author":"I Raz","year":"2001","unstructured":"Raz, I. et al. Beta-cell function in new-onset type 1 diabetes and immunomodulation with a heat-shock protein peptide (DiaPep277): a randomised, double-blind, phase II trial. Lancet 358, 1749\u20131753 (2001).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4228","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0400061101","volume":"101","author":"BJ Prakken","year":"2004","unstructured":"Prakken, B.J. et al. Epitope-specific immunotherapy induces immune deviation of proinflammatory T cells in rheumatoid arthritis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101, 4228\u20134233 (2004).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.14.1.1","volume":"14","author":"J Sloan-Lancaster","year":"1996","unstructured":"Sloan-Lancaster, J. & Allen, P. M. Altered peptide ligand-induced partial T cell activation: molecular mechanisms and role in T cell biology. Annu.Rev.Immunol 14, 1\u201327 (1996).","journal-title":"Annu.Rev.Immunol"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830240424","volume":"24","author":"A Franco","year":"1994","unstructured":"Franco, A. et al. T cell receptor antagonist peptides are highly effective inhibitors of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. Eur. J. Immunol. 24, 940\u2013946 (1994).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2227","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.180.6.2227","volume":"180","author":"N Karin","year":"1994","unstructured":"Karin, N., Mitchell, D.J., Brocke, S., Ling, N. & Steinman, L. Reversal of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by a soluble peptide variant of a myelin basic protein epitope: T cell receptor antagonism and reduction of interferon gamma and tumor necrosis factor alpha production. J. Exp. Med. 180, 2227\u20132237 (1994).","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3326","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.153.7.3326","volume":"153","author":"VK Kuchroo","year":"1994","unstructured":"Kuchroo, V.K. et al. A single TCR antagonist peptide inhibits experimental allergic encephalomyelitis mediated by a diverse T cell repertoire. J. Immunol. 153, 3326\u20133336 (1994).","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9279","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.17.9279","volume":"94","author":"LB Nicholson","year":"1997","unstructured":"Nicholson, L.B., Murtaza, A., Hafler, B.P., Sette, A. & Kuchroo, V.K. A T cell receptor antagonist peptide induces T cells that mediate bystander suppression and prevent autoimmune encephalomyelitis induced with multiple myelin antigens. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94, 9279\u20139284 (1997).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1176","DOI":"10.1038\/80525","volume":"6","author":"L Kappos","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kappos, L. et al. Induction of a non-encephalitogenic type 2 T helper-cell autoimmune response in multiple sclerosis after administration of an altered peptide ligand in a placebo-controlled, randomized phase II trial. The Altered Peptide Ligand in relapsing MS Study Group. Nat. Med. 6, 1176\u20131182 (2000).","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.1038\/80516","volume":"6","author":"B Bielekova","year":"2000","unstructured":"Bielekova, B. et al. Encephalitogenic potential of the myelin basic protein peptide (amino acids 83-99) in multiple sclerosis: results of a phase II clinical trial with an altered peptide ligand. Nat. Med. 6, 1167\u20131175 (2000).","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1042\/bst0250659","volume":"25","author":"SM Anderton","year":"1997","unstructured":"Anderton, S.M., Manickasingham, S.P. & Wraith, D.C. Fine specificity of myelin basic protein reactive T-cells: implications for T-cell receptor antagonism. Biochem. Soc. Trans. 25, 659\u2013661 (1997).","journal-title":"Biochem. Soc. Trans."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3951","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2003-11-3763","volume":"103","author":"JG Chai","year":"2004","unstructured":"Chai, J.G., James, E., Dewchand, H., Simpson, E. & Scott, D. Transplantation tolerance induced by intranasal administration of HY peptides. Blood 103, 3951\u20133959 (2004).","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/1074-7613(94)90084-1","volume":"1","author":"ER Kearney","year":"1994","unstructured":"Kearney, E.R., Pape, K.A., Loh, D.Y. & Jenkins, M.K. Visualization of peptide-specific T cell immunity and peripheral tolerance induction in vivo. Immunity 1, 327\u2013339 (1994).","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7509084","volume":"263","author":"JM Critchfield","year":"1994","unstructured":"Critchfield, J. M. et al. T cell deletion in high antigen dose therapy of autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Science 263, 1139\u20131143 (1994).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12642","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.221456798","volume":"98","author":"M Paas-Rozner","year":"2001","unstructured":"Paas-Rozner, M., Sela, M., & Mozes, E. The nature of the active suppression of responses associated with experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis by a dual altered peptide ligand administered by different routes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98, 12642\u201312647 (2001).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1401","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20040249","volume":"199","author":"I Apostolou","year":"2004","unstructured":"Apostolou, I. & Von Boehmer, H. In vivo instruction of suppressor commitment in naive T cells. J. Exp. Med. 199, 1401\u20131408 (2004).","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR108","unstructured":"Verhoef, A., Alexander, C., Kay, A.B. & Larche, M. T Cell epitope immunotherapy induces a CD4+ T cell population with regulatory activity. PLoS Med., in the press."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1885","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.189.12.1885","volume":"189","author":"BM Haselden","year":"1999","unstructured":"Haselden, B.M., Kay, A.B., & Larche, M. Immunoglobulin E-independent major histocompatibility complex-restricted T cell peptide epitope-induced late asthmatic reactions. J. Exp. Med. 189, 1885\u20131894 (1999).","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5627","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.12.5627","volume":"91","author":"L Vidard","year":"1994","unstructured":"Vidard, L., Colarusso, L.J., & Benacerraf, B. Specific T-cell tolerance may be preceded by a primary response. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91, 5627\u20135631 (1994).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(90)90420-J","volume":"63","author":"S Webb","year":"1990","unstructured":"Webb, S., Morris, C. & Sprent, J. Extrathymic tolerance of mature T cells: clonal elimination as a consequence of immunity. Cell 63, 1249\u20131256 (1990).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/8.3.335","volume":"8","author":"GF Hoyne","year":"1996","unstructured":"Hoyne, G.F., Askonas, B.A., Hetzel, C., Thomas, W.R., & Lamb, J.R. Regulation of house dust mite responses by intranasally administered peptide: transient activation of CD4+ T cells precedes the development of tolerance in vivo. Int. Immunol. 8, 335\u2013342 (1996).","journal-title":"Int. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200305-690OC","volume":"169","author":"FR Ali","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ali, F.R., Oldfield, W.L., Higashi, N., Larche, M. & Kay, A. B. Late asthmatic reactions induced by inhalation of allergen-derived T cell peptides. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 169, 20\u201326 (2004).","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.3109\/08820130009105145","volume":"29","author":"B Metzler","year":"2000","unstructured":"Metzler, B., Anderton, S.M., Manickasingham, S.P., & Wraith, D.C. Kinetics of peptide uptake and tissue distribution following a single intranasal dose of peptide. Immunol. Invest. 29, 61\u201370 (2000).","journal-title":"Immunol. Invest."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.191.4.603","volume":"191","author":"H Arentz-Hansen","year":"2000","unstructured":"Arentz-Hansen, H. et al. The intestinal T cell response to alpha-gliadin in adult celiac disease is focused on a single deamidated glutamine targeted by tissue transglutaminase. J. Exp. Med. 191, 603\u2013612 (2000).","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.iy.10.040192.001101","volume":"10","author":"R Martin","year":"1992","unstructured":"Martin, R., McFarland, H.F. & McFarlin, D.E. Immunological aspects of demyelinating diseases. Annu. Rev. Immunol 10, 153\u2013187 (1992).","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Immunol"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3363","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.160.7.3363","volume":"160","author":"S Southwood","year":"1998","unstructured":"Southwood, S. et al. Several common HLA-DR types share largely overlapping peptide binding repertoires. J. Immunol. 160, 3363\u20133373 (1998).","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3177","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.164.6.3177","volume":"164","author":"C Texier","year":"2000","unstructured":"Texier, C. et al. HLA-DR restricted peptide candidates for bee venom immunotherapy. J. Immunol. 164, 3177\u20133184 (2000).","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1038\/ni756","volume":"3","author":"SM Anderton","year":"2002","unstructured":"Anderton, S.M., Viner, N.J., Matharu, P., Lowrey, P.A. & Wraith, D.C. Influence of a dominant cryptic epitope on autoimmune T cell tolerance. Nat. Immunol 3, 175\u2013181 (2002).","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3800","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2002-07-2125","volume":"102","author":"CR Shen","year":"2003","unstructured":"Shen, C.R. et al. Peptides containing a dominant T-cell epitope from red cell band 3 have in vivo immunomodulatory properties in NZB mice with autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Blood 102, 3800\u20133806 (2003).","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15050","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.26.15050","volume":"96","author":"L Santambrogio","year":"1999","unstructured":"Santambrogio, L., Sato, A.K., Fischer, F.R., Dorf, M.E. & Stern, L.J. Abundant empty class II MHC molecules on the surface of immature dendritic cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96, 15050\u201315055 (1999).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.192.9.1213","volume":"192","author":"H Jonuleit","year":"2000","unstructured":"Jonuleit, H., Schmitt, E., Schuler, G., Knop, J. & Enk, A. H. Induction of interleukin 10-producing, nonproliferating CD4(+) T cells with regulatory properties by repetitive stimulation with allogeneic immature human dendritic cells. J. Exp. Med. 192, 1213\u20131222 (2000).","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(03)00113-4","volume":"18","author":"A Wakkach","year":"2003","unstructured":"Wakkach, A. et al. Characterization of dendritic cells that induce tolerance and T regulatory 1 cell differentiation in vivo. Immunity 18, 605\u2013617 (2003).","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.193.2.233","volume":"193","author":"MV Dhodapkar","year":"2001","unstructured":"Dhodapkar, M.V., Steinman, R.M., Krasovsky, J., Munz, C. & Bhardwaj, N. Antigen-specific inhibition of effector T cell function in humans after injection of immature dendritic cells. J. Exp. Med. 193, 233\u2013238 (2001).","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20011341","volume":"195","author":"M Menges","year":"2002","unstructured":"Menges, M. et al. Repetitive injections of dendritic cells matured with tumor necrosis factor alpha induce antigen-specific protection of mice from autoimmunity. J. Exp. Med. 195, 15\u201321 (2002).","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1038\/324258a0","volume":"324","author":"SS Zamvil","year":"1986","unstructured":"Zamvil, S.S. et al. T-cell epitope of the autoantigen myelin basic protein that induces encephalomyelitis. Nature 324, 258\u2013260 (1986).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/7.8.1255","volume":"7","author":"GY Liu","year":"1995","unstructured":"Liu, G.Y. & Wraith, D.C. Affinity for class II MHC determines the extent to which soluble peptides tolerize autoreactive T cells in naive and primed adult mice\u2014implications for autoimmunity. Int. Immunol. 7, 1255\u20131263 (1995).","journal-title":"Int. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnm1226_CR128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2567.1999.00795.x","volume":"97","author":"B Metzler","year":"1999","unstructured":"Metzler, B. & Wraith, D.C. Inhibition of T-cell responsiveness by nasal peptide administration: influence of the thymus and differential recovery of T-cell-dependent functions. Immunology 97, 257\u2013263 (1999).","journal-title":"Immunology"}],"container-title":["Nature Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nm1226.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nm1226","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nm1226.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]],"date-time":"2024-01-24T11:24:18Z","timestamp":1706095458000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nm1226"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,4]]},"references-count":128,"journal-issue":{"issue":"S4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,4]]}},"alternative-id":["BFnm1226"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nm1226","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.717955692.793460705","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1078-8956","1546-170X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1078-8956","type":"print"},{"value":"1546-170X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,4]]}}}