{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T20:09:12Z","timestamp":1772136552233,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,10]],"date-time":"2018-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1544400000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,10]],"date-time":"2018-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1544400000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"DH | National Institute for Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PSTRC-2016-004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PSTRC-2016-004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"DH | National Institute for Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IS-BRC-1215-20013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IS-BRC-1215-20013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"DH | National Institute for Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IS-BRC-1215-20013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IS-BRC-1215-20013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"DH | National Institute for Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IS-BRC-1215-20013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IS-BRC-1215-20013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"DH | National Institute for Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PSTRC-2016-004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PSTRC-2016-004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000266","name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EP\/N014529\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EP\/N014529\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000266","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["npj Digital Med"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Effective sharing of clinical information between care providers is a critical component of a safe, efficient health system. National data-sharing systems may be costly, politically contentious and do not reflect local patterns of care delivery. This study examines hospital attendances in England from 2013 to 2015 to identify instances of patient sharing between hospitals. Of 19.6 million patients receiving care from 155 hospital care providers, 130 million presentations were identified. On 14.7 million occasions (12%), patients attended a different hospital to the one they attended on their previous interaction. A network of hospitals was constructed based on the frequency of patient sharing between hospitals which was partitioned using the Louvain algorithm into ten distinct data-sharing communities, improving the continuity of data sharing in such instances from 0 to 65\u201395%. Locally implemented data-sharing communities of hospitals may achieve effective accessibility of clinical information without a large-scale national interoperable information system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-018-0072-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,4]],"date-time":"2018-12-04T09:25:04Z","timestamp":1543915504000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Guiding interoperable electronic health records through patient-sharing networks"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"Jonathan M.","family":"Clarke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leigh R.","family":"Warren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sonal","family":"Arora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1089-5675","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mauricio","family":"Barahona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ara W.","family":"Darzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"72_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Woo, Y. L. et al. Centralisation of services for gynaecological cancer. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. (2009). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD007945","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD007945"},{"key":"72_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.12968\/bjhc.2012.18.9.468","volume":"18","author":"AD Beggs","year":"2012","unstructured":"Beggs, A. D., Mcglone, E.-R. & Thomas, P. R. S. Impact of centralisation on vascular surgical services. Br. J. Healthc. Manag. 18, 468\u2013473 (2012).","journal-title":"Br. J. Healthc. Manag."},{"key":"72_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2012.05.012","volume":"10","author":"AP Boddy","year":"2012","unstructured":"Boddy, A. P., Williamson, J. M. L. & Vipond, M. N. The effect of centralisation on the outcomes of oesophagogastric surgery - A fifteen year audit. Int. J. Surg. 10, 360\u2013363 (2012).","journal-title":"Int. J. Surg."},{"key":"72_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.18.3.193","volume":"18","author":"AN Simpson","year":"2001","unstructured":"Simpson, A. N. The Sheffield experiment: the effects of centralising accident and emergency services in a large urban setting. Emerg. Med. J. 18, 193\u2013197 (2001).","journal-title":"Emerg. Med. J."},{"key":"72_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1532-5415.2003.51185.x","volume":"51","author":"EA Coleman","year":"2003","unstructured":"Coleman, E. A. Falling through the cracks: challenges and opportunities for improving transitional care for persons with continuous complex care needs. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 51, 549\u2013555 (2003).","journal-title":"J. Am. Geriatr. Soc."},{"key":"72_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1177\/152715440100200312","volume":"2","author":"A Wolfe","year":"2001","unstructured":"Wolfe, A. Institute of Medicine Report: Crossing the Quality Chasm: A New Health Care System for the 21st Century. Policy Polit. Nurs. Pract. 2, 233\u2013235 (2001).","journal-title":"Policy Polit. Nurs. Pract."},{"key":"72_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.297.8.831","volume":"297","author":"S Kripalani","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kripalani, S. et al. Deficits in communication and information transfer between hospital-based and primary care physicians: implications for patient safety and continuity of care. JAMA 297, 831\u2013841 (2007).","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"72_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1177\/0163278710375695","volume":"33","author":"JS Burgers","year":"2010","unstructured":"Burgers, J. S., Voerman, G. E., Grol, R., Faber, M. J. & Schneider, E. C. Quality and coordination of care for patients with multiple conditions: results from an international survey of patient experience. Eval. Health Prof. 33, 343\u2013364 (2010).","journal-title":"Eval. Health Prof."},{"key":"72_CR9","unstructured":"WHO Collaborating Centre for Patient Safety Solutions. Communication During Patient Handovers. (2007)."},{"key":"72_CR10","first-page":"265","volume":"308","author":"BE Landon","year":"2012","unstructured":"Landon, B. E. et al. Variation in Patient-Sharing Networks of Physicians Across the United States. JAMA 308, 265\u2013273 (2012).","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"72_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1820","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2017.0546","volume":"36","author":"AJ Holmgren","year":"2017","unstructured":"Holmgren, A. J., Patel, V. & Adler-Milstein, J. Progress In Interoperability: Measuring US Hospitals\u2019 Engagement in Sharing Patient Data. Health Aff. 36, 1820\u20131827 (2017).","journal-title":"Health Aff."},{"issue":"6","key":"72_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1177\/0272989X06295361","volume":"26","author":"Andrew J. Vickers","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kelsey, T. & Cavendish, W. Personalised health and care 2020: using data and technology to transform outcomes for patients and citizens. A framework for action. Natl. Inf. Board (2014). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0272989X06295361.","journal-title":"Medical Decision Making"},{"key":"72_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lrh2.10008","volume":"1","author":"D Kalra","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kalra, D. et al. The European Institute for Innovation through Health Data. Learn. Heal. Syst. 1, e10008 (2017).","journal-title":"Learn. Heal. Syst."},{"key":"72_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2174","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2015.0992","volume":"34","author":"J Adler-Milstein","year":"2015","unstructured":"Adler-Milstein, J. et al. Electronic health record adoption in us hospitals: progress continues, but challenges persist. Health Aff. 34, 2174\u20132180 (2015).","journal-title":"Health Aff."},{"key":"72_CR15","unstructured":"Adler-Milstein, J. Moving past the EHR interoperability blame game - NEJM catalyst. NEJM Catalyst (2017). https:\/\/catalyst.nejm.org\/ehr-interoperability-blame-game\/. (Accessed 6 July 2018)."},{"issue":"1","key":"72_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1000089","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000089","volume":"7","author":"Julio Frenk","year":"2010","unstructured":"Frenk, J. The global health system: Strengthening national health systems as the next step for global progress. PLoS Med. 7, (2010).","journal-title":"PLoS Medicine"},{"key":"72_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1017\/nws.2014.6","volume":"2","author":"MT Schaub","year":"2014","unstructured":"Schaub, M. T., Lehmann, J., Yaliraki, S. N. & Barahona, M. Structure of complex networks: quantifying edge-to-edge relations by failure-induced flow redistribution. Netw. Sci. 2, 1\u201324 (2014).","journal-title":"Netw. Sci."},{"key":"72_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0156794","volume":"11","author":"I Barnett","year":"2016","unstructured":"Barnett, I., Khanna, T. & Onnela, J. P. Social and spatial clustering of people at humanity\u2019s largest gathering. PLoS ONE 11, 1\u201312 (2016).","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"72_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10856","volume":"484","author":"F Simini","year":"2012","unstructured":"Simini, F., Gonz\u00e1lez, M. C., Maritan, A. & Barab\u00e1si, A.-L. A universal model for mobility and migration patterns. Nature 484, 96\u2013100 (2012).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"72_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0b013e31822dcef7","volume":"50","author":"ML Barnett","year":"2012","unstructured":"Barnett, M. L. et al. Physician patient-sharing networks and the cost and intensity of care in US hospitals. Med. Care 50, 152\u2013160 (2012).","journal-title":"Med. Care"},{"key":"72_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1592","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-6773.2011.01262.x","volume":"46","author":"ML Barnett","year":"2011","unstructured":"Barnett, M. L., Landon, B. E., O\u2019Malley, A. J., Keating, N. L. & Christakis, N. A. Mapping physician networks with self-reported and administrative data. Health Serv. Res. 46, 1592\u20131609 (2011).","journal-title":"Health Serv. Res."},{"key":"72_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2010.202754","volume":"101","author":"BY Lee","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lee, B. Y. et al. Social network analysis of patient sharing among hospitals in Orange County, California. Am. J. Public Health 101, 707\u2013713 (2011).","journal-title":"Am. J. Public Health"},{"key":"72_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0b013e3182977991","volume":"51","author":"BE Landon","year":"2013","unstructured":"Landon, B. E. et al. Using administrative data to identify naturally occurring networks of physicians. Med. Care 51, 715\u2013721 (2013).","journal-title":"Med. Care"},{"key":"72_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0b013e318197b1f5","volume":"47","author":"TJ Iwashyna","year":"2009","unstructured":"Iwashyna, T. J., Christie, J. D., Moody, J., Kahn, J. M. & Asch, D. A. The structure of critical care transfer networks. Med. Care 47, 787\u2013793 (2009).","journal-title":"Med. Care"},{"key":"72_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-015-0748-9","volume":"15","author":"D Mascia","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mascia, D., Di Vincenzo, F., Iacopino, V., Fantini, M. P. & Cicchetti, A. Unfolding similarity in interphysician networks: the impact of institutional and professional homophily. BMC Health Serv. Res. 15, 92 (2015).","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv. Res."},{"key":"72_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2015.03.029","volume":"132","author":"D Mascia","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mascia, D., Angeli, F. & Di Vincenzo, F. Effect of hospital referral networks on patient readmissions. Soc. Sci. Med. 132, 113\u2013121 (2015).","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"key":"72_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.297.8.831","volume":"297","author":"S Kripalani","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kripalani, S. et al. Deficits in communication and information transfer between hospital-based and primary care physicians: implications for patient safety and continuity of care. JAMA 297, 831\u2013841 (2007).","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"72_CR28","unstructured":"NHS England. NHS England\u202f\u00bb TheNHS Five Year Forward View \u2013 executive summary. NHS England (2014). http:\/\/www.england.nhs.uk\/ourwork\/futurenhs\/5yfv-exec-sum\/."},{"key":"72_CR29","first-page":"1","volume":"32","author":"Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations. Joint commission center for transforming healthcare releases targeted solutions tool for hand-off communications. Jt. Comm. Perspect. 32, 1\u20133 (2012).","journal-title":"Jt. Comm. Perspect."},{"key":"72_CR30","unstructured":"Department of Health. NHS Constitution for England. NHS Const. Establ. Princ. Values NHS Engl. 1 (2015). 26 March 2013."},{"key":"72_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1177\/0951484816662492","volume":"30","author":"T Justinia","year":"2017","unstructured":"Justinia, T. The UK\u2019s National Programme for IT: why was it dismantled? Heal. Serv. Manag. Res 30, 2\u20139 (2017).","journal-title":"Heal. Serv. Manag. Res"},{"key":"72_CR32","unstructured":"NHS Digital. Summary Care Records. (2017). https:\/\/digital.nhs.uk\/summary-care-records. (Accessed 6 October 2017)."},{"key":"72_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1667","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.12337","volume":"316","author":"J Perlin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Perlin, J. Health information technology interoperability and use for better care and evidence. JAMA 316, 1667\u20131668 (2016).","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"72_CR34","unstructured":"BBC News. The Changing NHS. (2013)."},{"key":"72_CR35","unstructured":"NHS Commissioning Board. NHS Commissioning Board: Local Area Teams. (2012)."},{"key":"72_CR36","unstructured":"NHS. Lower Layer Super Output Area. (2017). http:\/\/www.datadictionary.nhs.uk\/data_dictionary\/nhs_business_definitions\/l\/lower_layer_super_output_area_de.asp?shownav=1. (Accessed 21 January 2017)."},{"key":"72_CR37","first-page":"1","volume":"1770","author":"R Lambiotte","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lambiotte, R., Delvenne, J.-C. & Barahona, M. Survey-Laplacian dynamics and multiscale modular structure in networks. arXiv Prepr. arXiv0812 1770, 1\u201329 (2008).","journal-title":"arXiv Prepr. arXiv0812"},{"key":"72_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8577","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0601602103","volume":"103","author":"MEJ Newman","year":"2006","unstructured":"Newman, M. E. J. Modularity and community structure in networks. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. 103, 8577\u20138582 (2006).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci."}],"container-title":["npj Digital Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41746-018-0072-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41746-018-0072-y","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41746-018-0072-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,21]],"date-time":"2022-12-21T07:44:47Z","timestamp":1671608687000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41746-018-0072-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,10]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]}},"alternative-id":["72"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41746-018-0072-y","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/473272","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2398-6352"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2398-6352","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 August 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 November 2018","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 December 2018","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"65"}}