{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,17]],"date-time":"2026-01-17T21:41:56Z","timestamp":1768686116986,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,12]],"date-time":"2019-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1576108800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,12]],"date-time":"2019-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1576108800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["npj Digit. Med."],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-019-0203-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,12]],"date-time":"2019-12-12T15:11:38Z","timestamp":1576163498000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":67,"title":["Digital clinical trials: creating a vision for the future"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"2","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9256-7914","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Steven R.","family":"Steinhubl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3280-9771","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dana L.","family":"Wolff-Hughes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Wendy","family":"Nilsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Erin","family":"Iturriaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Robert M.","family":"Califf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"203_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2018.2969","volume":"1","author":"A Anderson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Anderson, A., Borfitz, D. & Getz, K. Global public attitudes about clinical research and patient experiences with clinical trials. JAMA Netw. Open 1, e182969 (2018).","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open"},{"key":"203_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2720","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.291.22.2720","volume":"291","author":"VH Murthy","year":"2004","unstructured":"Murthy, V. H., Krumholz, H. M. & Gross, C. P. Participation in cancer clinical trials: race-, sex-, and age-based disparities. JAMA 291, 2720\u20132726 (2004).","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"203_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001918","volume":"12","author":"SS Oh","year":"2015","unstructured":"Oh, S. S. et al. Diversity in clinical and biomedical research: a promise yet to be fulfilled. PLoS Med. 12, e1001918 (2015).","journal-title":"PLoS Med."},{"key":"203_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.1122","volume":"321","author":"AC Fanaroff","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fanaroff, A. C., Califf, R. M., Windecker, S., Smith, S. C. Jr. & Lopes, R. D. Levels of evidence supporting american college of cardiology\/american heart association and european society of cardiology guidelines, 2008\u20132018. JAMA 321, 1069\u20131080 (2019).","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"203_CR5","unstructured":"Getz K. The Cost of Clinical Trial Delays. https:\/\/www.ctti-clinicaltrials.org\/files\/pgct-session5.1-getz.pdf (2015). Accessed on 19 May 2019."},{"key":"203_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1451","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2018.3931","volume":"178","author":"TJ Moore","year":"2018","unstructured":"Moore, T. J., Zhang, H., Anderson, G. & Alexander, G. C. Estimated costs of pivotal trials for novel therapeutic agents approved by the US Food and Drug Administration, 2015\u20132016. JAMA Intern. Med. 178, 1451\u20131457 (2018).","journal-title":"JAMA Intern. Med."},{"key":"203_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2004.04.049","volume":"149","author":"EL Eisenstein","year":"2005","unstructured":"Eisenstein, E. L. et al. Reducing the costs of phase III cardiovascular clinical trials. Am. Heart J. 149, 482\u2013488 (2005).","journal-title":"Am. Heart J."},{"key":"203_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.2005143","volume":"16","author":"H Hall","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hall, H. et al. Glucotypes reveal new patterns of glucose dysregulation. PLoS Biol. 16, e2005143 (2018).","journal-title":"PLoS Biol."},{"key":"203_CR9","unstructured":"Mobile Fact Sheet. Pew Research Center. https:\/\/www.pewinternet.org\/fact-sheet\/mobile\/ (2018). Accessed 23 May 2019."},{"key":"203_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1177\/1932296818808307","volume":"13","author":"D Lewis","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lewis, D. History and perspective on DIY closed looping. J. Diabetes Sci. Technol. 13, 790\u2013793 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Diabetes Sci. Technol."},{"key":"203_CR11","first-page":"l920","volume":"364","author":"Q Grundy","year":"2019","unstructured":"Grundy, Q. et al. Data sharing practices of medicines related apps and the mobile ecosystem: traffic, content, and network analysis. BMJ Clin. Res. 364, l920 (2019).","journal-title":"BMJ Clin. Res."},{"key":"203_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-08874-y","volume":"10","author":"DR Wong","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wong, D. R., Bhattacharya, S. & Butte, A. J. Prototype of running clinical trials in an untrustworthy environment using blockchain. Nat. Commun. 10, 917 (2019).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"203_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1038\/492034a","volume":"492","author":"JM Nicholson","year":"2012","unstructured":"Nicholson, J. M. & Ioannidis, J. P. Research grants: Conform and be funded. Nature 492, 34\u201336 (2012).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"203_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1097\/PPO.0000000000000383","volume":"25","author":"A Mittra","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mittra, A. & Moscow, J. Future approaches to precisiononcology\u2013based clinical trials. Cancer J. 25, 300\u2013304 (2019).","journal-title":"Cancer J."}],"container-title":["npj Digital Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41746-019-0203-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41746-019-0203-0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41746-019-0203-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,17]],"date-time":"2022-12-17T18:35:56Z","timestamp":1671302156000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41746-019-0203-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,12]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}},"alternative-id":["203"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41746-019-0203-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["2398-6352"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2398-6352","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"19 October 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 November 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 December 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Dr. Steinhubl has received receiving grants from Janssen, Qualcomm Foundation, and the National Institutes of Health (NIH)\/National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (grant UL1TR001114) and served as a medical advisor for Janssen, Livongo, DynoSense, EasyG, and Spry Health. Drs. Wolf-Hughes, Nilson and Iturriaga have no conflicts to declare. Dr Califf reports employment with Verily Life Sciences and board membership at Cytokinetics; personal fees from Merck, Lilly, Genentech, Boehringer Ingelheim, and Biogen during the conduct of the study; and status of former commissioner of the US Food and Drug Administration.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"126"}}