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Med."],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    We leveraged the largely untapped resource of electronic health record data to address critical clinical and epidemiological questions about Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). To do this, we formed an international consortium (4CE) of 96 hospitals across five countries (\n                    <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.covidclinical.net\">www.covidclinical.net<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    ). Contributors utilized the Informatics for Integrating Biology and the Bedside (i2b2) or Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) platforms to map to a common data model. The group focused on temporal changes in key laboratory test values. Harmonized data were analyzed locally and converted to a shared aggregate form for rapid analysis and visualization of regional differences and global commonalities. Data covered 27,584 COVID-19 cases with 187,802 laboratory tests. Case counts and laboratory trajectories were concordant with existing literature. Laboratory tests at the time of diagnosis showed hospital-level differences equivalent to country-level variation across the consortium partners. Despite the limitations of decentralized data generation, we established a framework to capture the trajectory of COVID-19 disease in patients and their response to interventions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-020-00308-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,19]],"date-time":"2020-08-19T06:03:35Z","timestamp":1597817015000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":138,"title":["International electronic health record-derived COVID-19 clinical course profiles: the 4CE consortium"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3928-5931","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriel A.","family":"Brat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Griffin 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