{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T10:40:13Z","timestamp":1779360013119,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,31]],"date-time":"2020-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598832000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,31]],"date-time":"2020-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598832000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007631","name":"Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007631","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["npj Digit. Med."],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-020-00326-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,31]],"date-time":"2020-08-31T10:03:50Z","timestamp":1598868230000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"title":["Digital advantage in the COVID-19 response: perspective from Canada\u2019s largest integrated digitalized healthcare system"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2146-507X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel C.","family":"Baumgart","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"326_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2012-7","volume":"579","author":"P Zhou","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhou, P. et al. A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin. Nature 579, 270\u2013273 (2020).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"326_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2008-3","volume":"579","author":"F Wu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wu, F. et al. A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China. Nature 579, 265\u2013269 (2020).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"326_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2001017","volume":"382","author":"N Zhu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhu, N. et al. A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019. N. Engl. J. Med. 382, 727\u2013733 (2020).","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"326_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"van Doremalen, N. et al. Aerosol and surface stability of SARS-CoV-2 as compared with SARS-CoV-1. N. Engl. J. Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMc2004973 (2020).","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc2004973"},{"key":"326_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Leung, N. H. L. et al. Respiratory virus shedding in exhaled breath and efficacy of face masks. Nat. Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41591-020-0843-2 (2020).","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-020-0843-2"},{"key":"326_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Popescu, S. Roadblocks to infection prevention efforts in healthcare SARS-CoV-2\/COVID-19 response. Disaster Med. Public Health Prep. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/dmp.2020.55 (2020).","DOI":"10.1017\/dmp.2020.55"},{"key":"326_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bayham, J. & Fenichel, E. P. Impact of school closures for COVID-19 on the US health-care workforce and net mortality: a modelling study. Lancet Public Health https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2468-2667(20)30082-7 (2020).","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(20)30082-7"},{"key":"326_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Buerhaus, P. I., Auerbach, D. I. & Staiger, D. O. Older clinicians and the surge in novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). JAMA https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2020.4978 (2020).","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.4978"},{"key":"326_CR9","first-page":"CD013574","volume":"4","author":"B Nussbaumer-Streit","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nussbaumer-Streit, B. et al. Quarantine alone or in combination with other public health measures to control COVID-19: a rapid review. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 4, CD013574 (2020).","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"326_CR10","unstructured":"Alberta Netcare. An overview of Alberta\u2019s Electronic Health Record Information System. https:\/\/www.albertanetcare.ca\/documents\/An_Overview_of_Albertas_ERHIS.pdf (2020)."},{"key":"326_CR11","unstructured":"Alberta Health Services. Alberta Health Services (AHS) Data & Analytics Enterprise Data Warehouse EDW (AHSDRR) and data stores data asset inventory. https:\/\/insite.albertahealthservices.ca\/Main\/assets\/tms\/drs\/tms-drs-ahsdrr-data-asset-inventory.pdf (2020)."},{"key":"326_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alberta Health Data Asset Directory. https:\/\/albertarwe.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Alberta-Health-Data-Asset-Directory-2018-1.pdf (2020).","DOI":"10.3138\/9781487519063-004"},{"key":"326_CR13","unstructured":"Alberta Netcare. https:\/\/www.albertanetcare.ca\/documents\/ANPReleasePromoOct2019.mp4 (2019)."},{"key":"326_CR14","unstructured":"Alberta Health Services. Connect Care launches on November 3, 2019. https:\/\/www.albertahealthservices.ca\/news\/releases\/2019\/Page15293.aspx (2019)."},{"key":"326_CR15","unstructured":"Alberta Connect Care. https:\/\/youtu.be\/UD0uBj2-zuE (2020)."},{"key":"326_CR16","unstructured":"Alberta Health Services. Alberta Connect care: implementation timeline. https:\/\/www.albertahealthservices.ca\/assets\/info\/cis\/if-cis-cc-infographic-site-implementation-timeline.pdf (2020)."},{"key":"326_CR17","unstructured":"My Health Alberta. COVID-19 self-assessment. https:\/\/myhealth.alberta.ca\/Journey\/COVID-19\/Pages\/COVID-Self-Assessment.aspx (2020)."},{"key":"326_CR18","unstructured":"My Health Alberta. Self-assessment online tool for healthcare & shelter workers, enforcement personnel and first responders. https:\/\/myhealth.alberta.ca\/Journey\/COVID-19\/Pages\/HWAssessLanding.aspx (2020)."},{"key":"326_CR19","unstructured":"Alberta Health Services. Fit for work online self-assessment. https:\/\/albertahealthservices.service-now.com\/esr (2020)."},{"key":"326_CR20","unstructured":"Frequently asked questions about the AB Trace Together mobile app. https:\/\/www.alberta.ca\/ab-trace-together-faq.aspx (2020)."},{"key":"326_CR21","unstructured":"ABTraceTogether. https:\/\/youtu.be\/Sp0-8Ro2d-4 (2020)."},{"key":"326_CR22","unstructured":"Canada Health Infoway. https:\/\/infoway-inforoute.ca\/en\/ (2020)."},{"key":"326_CR23","unstructured":"College of Physicians & Surgeons of Alberta. Standard of practice telemedicine. http:\/\/www.cpsa.ca\/standardspractice\/telemedicine\/ (2010)."},{"key":"326_CR24","unstructured":"College of Physicians & Surgeons of Alberta. Electronic communications & security of mobile devices. http:\/\/www.cpsa.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/AP_Electronic-Communications-Mobile-Devices.pdf (2016)."},{"key":"326_CR25","unstructured":"College of Physicians & Surgeons of Alberta. Telemedicine. http:\/\/www.cpsa.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/AP_Telemedicine.pdf (2018)."},{"key":"326_CR26","unstructured":"College of Physicians & Surgeons of Alberta. Advice to profession: COVID-19: virtual care. http:\/\/www.cpsa.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/AP_COVID-19-Virtual-Care.pdf (2020)."},{"key":"326_CR27","unstructured":"Alberta Medical Association. Virtual care. https:\/\/www.albertadoctors.org\/leaders-partners\/ehealth\/virtual-care (2020)."},{"key":"326_CR28","unstructured":"Canadian Medical Protective Association. COVID-19 hub: advice, support and medical-legal information. https:\/\/www.cmpa-acpm.ca\/en\/covid19 (2020)."},{"key":"326_CR29","unstructured":"Saegis Solutions. COVID-19 healthcare cybersecurity eLearning. https:\/\/saegis.solutions\/en\/saegis-programs\/practice-management-services (2020)."},{"key":"326_CR30","unstructured":"Enhancing Community Care. https:\/\/youtu.be\/twheQvrtt3U (2018)."},{"key":"326_CR31","unstructured":"Schedule of medical benefits. https:\/\/www.alberta.ca\/fees-health-professionals.aspx (2020)."},{"key":"326_CR32","unstructured":"Bulletin Alberta Health Insurance Plan. Additional virtual care codes for physicians during COVID-19 epidemic. https:\/\/www.alberta.ca\/assets\/documents\/health-ahcip-bulletin-med-222.pdf (2020)."},{"key":"326_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Keesara, S., Jonas, A. & Schulman, K. Covid-19 and health care\u2019s digital revolution. N. Engl. J. Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMp2005835 (2020).","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp2005835"},{"key":"326_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1210","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67484-3","volume":"366","author":"DC Baumgart","year":"2005","unstructured":"Baumgart, D. C. Personal digital assistants in health care: experienced clinicians in the palm of your hand? Lancet 366, 1210\u20131222 (2005).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"326_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31498-9","volume":"394","author":"DP Oran","year":"2019","unstructured":"Oran, D. P. & Topol, E. J. The rise of the virtualist. Lancet 394, 17 (2019).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"326_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30673-5","volume":"395","author":"J Bedford","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bedford, J. et al. COVID-19: towards controlling of a pandemic. Lancet 395, 1015\u20131018 (2020).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"326_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"w20282","DOI":"10.4414\/smw.2020.20282","volume":"150","author":"KN Vokinger","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vokinger, K. N., Nittas, V., Witt, C. M., Fabrikant, S. I. & von Wyl, V. Digital health and the COVID-19 epidemic: an assessment framework for apps from an epidemiological and legal perspective. Swiss Med. Wkly 150, w20282 (2020).","journal-title":"Swiss Med. Wkly"},{"key":"326_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e19359","DOI":"10.2196\/19359","volume":"8","author":"J Abeler","year":"2020","unstructured":"Abeler, J., Backer, M., Buermeyer, U. & Zillessen, H. COVID-19 contact tracing and data protection can go together. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 8, e19359 (2020).","journal-title":"JMIR Mhealth Uhealth"},{"key":"326_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-020-01578-0","volume":"582","author":"J Morley","year":"2020","unstructured":"Morley, J., Cowls, J., Taddeo, M. & Floridi, L. Ethical guidelines for COVID-19 tracing apps. Nature 582, 29\u201331 (2020).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"326_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocaa039","volume":"27","author":"L Lenert","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lenert, L. & McSwain, B. Y. Balancing health privacy, health information exchange, and research in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. J. Am. Med Inf. Assoc. 27, 963\u2013966 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Am. Med Inf. Assoc."},{"key":"326_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"m1925","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m1925","volume":"369","author":"D Cox","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cox, D. Alarm bells ring for patient data and privacy in the covid-19 goldrush. BMJ 369, m1925 (2020).","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"326_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sharma, T. & Bashir, M. Use of apps in the COVID-19 response and the loss of privacy protection. Nat. Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41591-020-0928-y (2020).","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-020-0928-y"},{"key":"326_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Buckee, C. O. et al. Aggregated mobility data could help fight COVID-19. Science https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.abb8021 (2020).","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abb8021"},{"key":"326_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E420","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.75262","volume":"192","author":"I Berry","year":"2020","unstructured":"Berry, I., Soucy, J. R., Tuite, A. & Fisman, D. Open access epidemiologic data and an interactive dashboard to monitor the COVID-19 outbreak in Canada. CMAJ 192, E420 (2020).","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"326_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ferretti, L. et al. Quantifying SARS-CoV-2 transmission suggests epidemic control with digital contact tracing. Science https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.abb6936 (2020).","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abb6936"},{"key":"326_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Park, S., Choi, G. J. & Ko, H. Information technology-based tracing strategy in response to COVID-19 in South Korea-privacy controversies. JAMA https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2020.6602 (2020).","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.6602"},{"key":"326_CR47","unstructured":"Marczak, B. & Scott-Railton, J. Move fast and roll your own crypto - a quick look at the confidentiality of zoom meetings. https:\/\/citizenlab.ca\/2020\/04\/move-fast-roll-your-own-crypto-a-quick-look-at-the-confidentiality-of-zoom-meetings\/ (2020)."},{"key":"326_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30424-4","volume":"395","author":"ER Dorsey","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dorsey, E. R. & Topol, E. J. Telemedicine 2020 and the next decade. Lancet 395, 859 (2020).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"326_CR49","unstructured":"United Nations Development Programme. United Nations Human Development Index (HDI). http:\/\/hdr.undp.org\/en\/content\/human-development-index-hdi (2020)."}],"container-title":["npj Digital Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41746-020-00326-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41746-020-00326-y","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41746-020-00326-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,6]],"date-time":"2023-10-06T15:12:34Z","timestamp":1696605154000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41746-020-00326-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,31]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["326"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41746-020-00326-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["2398-6352"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2398-6352","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 April 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 August 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"31 August 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The author declares no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"114"}}