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Med."],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The 21st Century Cures Act requires that certified health information technology have an application programming interface (API) giving access to all data elements of a patient\u2019s electronic health record, \u201cwithout special effort\u201d. In the spring of 2020, the Office of the National Coordinator of Health Information Technology (ONC) published a rule\u201421st Century Cures Act Interoperability, Information Blocking, and the ONC Health IT Certification Program\u2014regulating the API requirement along with protections against information blocking. The rule specifies the SMART\/HL7 FHIR Bulk Data Access API, which enables access to patient-level data across a patient population, supporting myriad use cases across healthcare, research, and public health ecosystems. The API enables \u201cpush button population health\u201d in that core data elements can readily and standardly be extracted from electronic health records, enabling local, regional, and national-scale data-driven innovation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-020-00358-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,19]],"date-time":"2020-11-19T11:03:51Z","timestamp":1605783831000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Push Button Population Health: The SMART\/HL7 FHIR Bulk Data Access Application Programming Interface"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9781-0477","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kenneth D.","family":"Mandl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4658-2854","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Gottlieb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Joshua C.","family":"Mandel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Vladimir","family":"Ignatov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8810-2471","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raheel","family":"Sayeed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Grahame","family":"Grieve","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"James","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5281-9614","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alyssa","family":"Ellis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Culbertson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"358_CR1","unstructured":"Office of the National Coordinator of Health Information Technology. 21st Century Cures Act: Interoperability, Information Blocking, and the ONC Health IT Certification Program, https:\/\/www.federalregister.gov\/documents\/2020\/05\/01\/2020-07419\/21st-century-cures-act-interoperability-information-blocking-and-the-onc-health-it-certification (2020)."},{"key":"358_CR2","unstructured":"Institute of Medicine. 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Dr. Mandl is an advisor to Medal, Inc and has advised Merck on use of real-world evidence. Dr. Mandel is the chief architect for Microsoft Healthcare. Mr. Grieve is the FHIR Product Director for Health Level Seven. Mr. Culbertson is the Health Industry and Interoperability Lead for Humana. Mr. Gottlieb is Principal, FHIR and Healthcare Data Standards, for Central Square Solutions. Dr. Sayeed, Mr. Ignatov, Mr. Jones, and Ms. Ellis declare that no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"151"}}