{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T16:25:16Z","timestamp":1774542316780,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,3]],"date-time":"2020-04-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585872000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,3]],"date-time":"2020-04-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585872000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017244","name":"Harvard-MIT Center for Regulatory Science","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017244","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["npj Digit. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Over recent years, the adoption of connected technologies has grown dramatically, with potential for improving health care delivery, research, and patient experience. Yet, little has been documented about the prevalence and use of connected digital products (e.g., products that capture physiological and behavioral metrics) in formal clinical research. Using 18 years of data from <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/ClinicalTrials.gov\">ClinicalTrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>, we document substantial growth in the use of connected digital products in clinical trials (~34% CAGR) and show that these products have been used across all phases of research and by a diverse group of trial sponsors. We identify four distinct use cases for how such connected products have been integrated within clinical trial design and suggest implications for various stakeholders engaging in clinical research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-020-0259-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,3]],"date-time":"2020-04-03T10:07:13Z","timestamp":1585908433000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":87,"title":["Quantifying the use of connected digital products in clinical research"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0835-7875","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caroline","family":"Marra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2464-6338","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacqueline L.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5379-3540","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Coravos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3586-1041","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ariel D.","family":"Stern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"259_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-019-0090-4","volume":"2","author":"A Coravos","year":"2019","unstructured":"Coravos, A., Khozin, S. & Mandl, K. Developing and adopting safe and effective digital biomarkers to improve patient outcomes. npj Digital Med. 2, 14 (2019).","journal-title":"npj Digital Med."},{"key":"259_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-019-0125-x","volume":"2","author":"JP Bakker","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bakker, J. P. et al. A systematic review of feasibility studies promoting the use of mobile technologies in clinical research. npj Digital Med. 2, 47 (2019).","journal-title":"npj Digital Med."},{"key":"259_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1089\/tmj.2016.0051","volume":"23","author":"A Vegesna","year":"2017","unstructured":"Vegesna, A., Tran, M., Angelaccio, M. & Arcona, S. Remote patient monitoring via non-invasive digital technologies: a systematic review. Telemed. J. E Health 23, 3\u201317 (2017).","journal-title":"Telemed. J. E Health"},{"key":"259_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-017-0002-4","volume":"1","author":"B Noah","year":"2018","unstructured":"Noah, B. et al. Impact of remote patient monitoring on clinical outcomes: an updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. npj Digital Med. 1, 20172 (2018).","journal-title":"npj Digital Med."},{"key":"259_CR5","first-page":"2473","volume":"2","author":"S Garg","year":"2018","unstructured":"Garg, S., Williams, N., Ip, A. & Dicker, A. Clinical integration of digital solutions in health care: an overview of the current landscape of digital technologies in cancer care. JCO Clin. Cancer Inform. 2, 2473\u20134276 (2018).","journal-title":"JCO Clin. Cancer Inform."},{"key":"259_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0138095","volume":"10","author":"HH Dodge","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dodge, H. H. et al. Use of high-frequency in-home monitoring data may reduce sample sizes needed in clinical trials. PLoS ONE 10, 9 (2015).","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"259_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.1441","volume":"106","author":"S Khozin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Khozin, S. & Coravos, A. Decentralized trials in the age of real-world evidence and inclusivity in clinical investigations. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 106, 1 (2019).","journal-title":"Clin. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"259_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1159\/000500413","volume":"3","author":"A Coravos","year":"2019","unstructured":"Coravos, A. et al. Digital medicine: a primer on measurement. Digital Biomark. 3, 31\u201371 (2019).","journal-title":"Digital Biomark."}],"container-title":["npj Digital Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41746-020-0259-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41746-020-0259-x","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41746-020-0259-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,7]],"date-time":"2022-12-07T02:07:26Z","timestamp":1670378846000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41746-020-0259-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,3]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["259"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41746-020-0259-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["2398-6352"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2398-6352","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 September 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 March 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 April 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"A.C. is the CEO of Elektra Labs. The rest of the authors declare that there are no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"50"}}