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Med."],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The risk profiles of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) have not been well characterized in multi-national settings with appropriate controls. We leveraged electronic health record (EHR) data from 277 international hospitals representing 414,602 patients with COVID-19, 2.3 million control patients without COVID-19 in the inpatient and outpatient settings, and over 221 million diagnosis codes to systematically identify new-onset conditions enriched among patients with COVID-19 during the post-acute period. Compared to inpatient controls, inpatient COVID-19 cases were at significant risk for angina pectoris (RR 1.30, 95% CI 1.09\u20131.55), heart failure (RR 1.22, 95% CI 1.10\u20131.35), cognitive dysfunctions (RR 1.18, 95% CI 1.07\u20131.31), and fatigue (RR 1.18, 95% CI 1.07\u20131.30). Relative to outpatient controls, outpatient COVID-19 cases were at risk for pulmonary embolism (RR 2.10, 95% CI 1.58\u20132.76), venous embolism (RR 1.34, 95% CI 1.17\u20131.54), atrial fibrillation (RR 1.30, 95% CI 1.13\u20131.50), type 2 diabetes (RR 1.26, 95% CI 1.16\u20131.36) and vitamin D deficiency (RR 1.19, 95% CI 1.09\u20131.30). Outpatient COVID-19 cases were also at risk for loss of smell and taste (RR 2.42, 95% CI 1.90\u20133.06), inflammatory neuropathy (RR 1.66, 95% CI 1.21\u20132.27), and cognitive dysfunction (RR 1.18, 95% CI 1.04\u20131.33). The incidence of post-acute cardiovascular and pulmonary conditions decreased across time among inpatient cases while the incidence of cardiovascular, digestive, and metabolic conditions increased among outpatient cases. Our study, based on a federated international network, systematically identified robust conditions associated with PASC compared to control groups, underscoring the multifaceted cardiovascular and neurological phenotype profiles of PASC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-022-00623-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,29]],"date-time":"2022-06-29T07:06:42Z","timestamp":1656486402000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["International electronic health record-derived post-acute sequelae profiles of COVID-19 patients"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Harrison G.","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5041-0409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arianna","family":"Dagliati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Zahra","family":"Shakeri Hossein Abad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1162-5220","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xin","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Clara-Lea","family":"Bonzel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1500-2589","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zongqi","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Bryce W. 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