{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T06:41:57Z","timestamp":1778568117033,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,19]],"date-time":"2022-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666137600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,19]],"date-time":"2022-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666137600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["npj Digit. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Innovations in robotics, virtual and augmented reality, and artificial intelligence are being rapidly adopted as tools of \u201cdigital surgery\u201d. Despite its quickly emerging role, digital surgery is not well understood. A recent study defines the term itself, and then specifies ethical issues specific to the field. These include privacy and public trust, consent, and litigation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-022-00706-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,19]],"date-time":"2022-10-19T12:04:09Z","timestamp":1666181049000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Defining digital surgery for the future"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8050-9402","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marium M.","family":"Raza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1736-4367","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaushik P.","family":"Venkatesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James A.","family":"Diao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7517-2291","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph C.","family":"Kvedar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"706_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7240","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v27.i42.7240","volume":"27","author":"NP Hardy","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hardy, N. P. & Cahill, R. A. Digital surgery for gastroenterological diseases. World J. Gastroenterol. 27, 7240\u20137246 (2021).","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"706_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-022-00641-6","volume":"5","author":"K Lam","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lam, K., et al. A Delphi consensus statement for digital surgery. npj Digit. Med. 5, 100 (2022).","journal-title":"npj Digit. Med."},{"key":"706_CR3","unstructured":"FDA. FDA Authorizes Marketing of First Device That Uses Artificial Intelligence to Help Detect Potential Signs of Colon Cancer. U.S. Food and Drug Administration, FDA, https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/news-events\/press-announcements\/fda-authorizes-marketing-first-device-uses-artificial-intelligence-help-detect-potential-signs-colon (2021)."},{"key":"706_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2020.00457","volume":"8","author":"M Niederberger","year":"2020","unstructured":"Niederberger, M. & Spranger, J. Delphi technique in health sciences: A map. Front. Public Health 8, 457 (2020).","journal-title":"Front. Public Health"},{"key":"706_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2021.09.004","volume":"38","author":"J Petch","year":"2022","unstructured":"Petch, J. et al. Opening the black box: The promise and limitations of explainable machine learning in cardiology. Can. J. Cardiol. 38, 204\u2013213 (2022).","journal-title":"Can. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"706_CR6","unstructured":"O\u2019Reilly, K. B. 1 In 3 Physicians Has Been Sued; by Age 55, 1 in 2 Hit with Suit. American Medical Association, American Medical Association, https:\/\/www.ama-assn.org\/practice-management\/sustainability\/1-3-physicians-has-been-sued-age-55-1-2-hit-suit (2018)."}],"container-title":["npj Digital Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41746-022-00706-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41746-022-00706-6","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41746-022-00706-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,19]],"date-time":"2022-10-19T12:15:31Z","timestamp":1666181731000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41746-022-00706-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,19]]},"references-count":6,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["706"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41746-022-00706-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["2398-6352"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2398-6352","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 August 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 October 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 October 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"J.C.K. is the Editor-in-Chief of <i>npj Digital Medicine<\/i>. The other authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"155"}}