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Med."],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Duct-dependent congenital heart diseases (CHDs) are a serious form of CHD with a low detection rate, especially in underdeveloped countries and areas. Although existing studies have developed models for fetal heart structure identification, there is a lack of comprehensive evaluation of the long axis of the aorta. In this study, a total of 6698 images and 48 videos are collected to develop and test a two-stage deep transfer learning model named DDCHD-DenseNet for screening critical duct-dependent CHDs. The model achieves a sensitivity of 0.973, 0.843, 0.769, and 0.759, and a specificity of 0.985, 0.967, 0.956, and 0.759, respectively, on the four multicenter test sets. It is expected to be employed as a potential automatic screening tool for hierarchical care and computer-aided diagnosis. Our two-stage strategy effectively improves the robustness of the model and can be extended to screen for other fetal heart development defects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-023-00883-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,12]],"date-time":"2023-08-12T08:01:30Z","timestamp":1691827290000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["A multicenter study on two-stage transfer learning model for duct-dependent CHDs screening in fetal echocardiography"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-3063-9816","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiajie","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Yongen","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Yuxuan","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jinrong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Danping","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Chengcheng","family":"Pang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Dongni","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Xue","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ruizhuo","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Kanghui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Bingbing","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4573-3809","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lianting","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Fanfan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0103-1672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huimin","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4120-2381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Long","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8107-3492","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongying","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"883_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.6115","volume":"32","author":"W Lee","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lee, W. et al. 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