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Med."],"abstract":"<jats:title>\n                    <jats:bold>Abstract<\/jats:bold>\n                  <\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Alcohol consumption is associated with a wide variety of preventable health complications and is a major risk factor for all-cause mortality in the age group 15-47 years. To reduce dangerous drinking behavior, eHealth applications have shown promise. A particularly interesting potential lies in the combination of eHealth apps with mathematical models. However, existing mathematical models do not consider real-life situations, such as combined intake of meals and beverages, and do not connect drinking to clinical markers, such as\n                    <jats:italic>phosphatidylethanol<\/jats:italic>\n                    (PEth). Herein, we present such a model which can simulate real-life situations and connect drinking to long-term markers. The new model can accurately describe both estimation data according to a \u03c7\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    -test (187.0\u2009&lt;\u2009T\n                    <jats:sub>\u03c72<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2009=\u2009226.4) and independent validation data (70.8\u2009&lt;\u2009T\n                    <jats:sub>\u03c72<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2009=\u200993.5). The model can also be personalized using anthropometric data from a specific individual and can thus be used as a physiologically-based digital twin. This twin is also able to connect short-term consumption of alcohol to the long-term dynamics of PEth levels in the blood, a clinical biomarker of alcohol consumption. Here we illustrate how connecting short-term consumption to long-term markers allows for a new way to determine patient alcohol consumption from measured PEth levels. An additional use case of the twin could include the combined evaluation of patient-reported AUDIT forms and measured PEth levels. Finally, we integrated the new model into an eHealth application, which could help guide individual users or clinicians to help reduce dangerous drinking.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-024-01089-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,3]],"date-time":"2024-05-03T14:02:06Z","timestamp":1714744926000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["A physiologically-based digital twin for alcohol consumption\u2014predicting real-life drinking responses and long-term plasma PEth"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7501-4031","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henrik","family":"Pod\u00e9us","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3805-1674","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Simonsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2928-4188","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrik","family":"Nasr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5590-8601","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mattias","family":"Ekstedt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stergios","family":"Kechagias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8661-2232","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Lundberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9058-7049","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William","family":"L\u00f6vfors","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9386-0568","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gunnar","family":"Cedersund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"1089_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.09.011","volume":"23","author":"PD Axley","year":"2019","unstructured":"Axley, P. 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