{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T21:00:25Z","timestamp":1776114025900,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,11]],"date-time":"2021-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615420800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,11]],"date-time":"2021-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615420800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nat Mach Intell"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s42256-021-00323-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,11]],"date-time":"2021-03-11T17:02:42Z","timestamp":1615482162000},"page":"187-189","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["On the importance of ethnographic methods in AI research"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2070-3283","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vidushi","family":"Marda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Shivangi","family":"Narayan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"323_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Benjamin, R. Race After Technology: Abolitionist Tools for the New Jim Code (Polity, 2019).","DOI":"10.1093\/sf\/soz162"},{"key":"323_CR2","unstructured":"Eubanks, V. Automating Inequality: How High-Tech Tools Profile, Police, and Punish the Poor (St. Martin\u2019s Press, 2018)."},{"key":"323_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Noble, S. U. Algorithms of Oppression (NYU Press, 2018).","DOI":"10.2307\/j.ctt1pwt9w5"},{"key":"323_CR4","unstructured":"Raji, I. D. et al. in Proc. AAAI\/ACM Conference on AI, Ethics, and Society 145\u2013151 (ACM, 2020)."},{"key":"323_CR5","unstructured":"Hicks, M. Programmed Inequality: How Britain Discarded Women Technologists and Lost Its Edge in Computing (MIT Press, 2018)."},{"key":"323_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Keyes, O. Proc. ACM on Human-Computer Interaction Vol. 2 88 (ACM, 2018).","DOI":"10.1145\/3274357"},{"key":"323_CR7","unstructured":"Prasad, M. & Marda, V. In Artificial Intelligence: Human Rights, Social Justice and Development 145\u2013151 (APC, Article 19, Sida, 2019)."},{"key":"323_CR8","unstructured":"Devich-Cyril, M. The Atlantic http:\/\/go.nature.com\/3bvkfjS (2020)."},{"key":"323_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-9713.2016.00960.x","volume":"13","author":"K Lum","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lum, K. & Issac, W. Significance 13, 14\u201319 (2016).","journal-title":"Significance"},{"key":"323_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1038\/s42256-019-0084-6","volume":"1","author":"E Moss","year":"2019","unstructured":"Moss, E. & Sloane, M. Nat. Mach. Intell. 1, 330\u2013331 (2019).","journal-title":"Nat. Mach. Intell."},{"key":"323_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Forsythe, D. Studying Those Who Study Us: An Anthropologist in the World of Artificial Intelligence 8\u20139 (Stanford Univ. Press, 2001).","DOI":"10.1515\/9781503619371"},{"key":"323_CR12","unstructured":"Marda, V. in Artificial Intelligence: Human Rights, Social Justice and Development 9\u201313 (APC, Article 19, Sida, 2019)."},{"key":"323_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"a1020","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.a1020","volume":"337","author":"S Reeves","year":"2008","unstructured":"Reeves, S., Kuper, A. & Hodges, B. D. BMJ 337, a1020 (2008).","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"323_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.14318\/hau1.1.008","volume":"1","author":"L Nader","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nader, L. J. Ethnograph. Theor. 1, 211\u2013219 (2011).","journal-title":"J. Ethnograph. Theor."},{"key":"323_CR15","unstructured":"Nader, L. (ed.) Naked Science: Anthropological Inquiry into Boundaries, Power, and Knowledge (Routledge, 2014)."},{"key":"323_CR16","unstructured":"Barabas C., Doyle, C., Rubinovitz, J. B. & Dinakar, K. in ACM Conf. Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency 167\u2013176 (ACM, 2020)."},{"key":"323_CR17","unstructured":"Elish, M. C. & Boyd, D. Preprint at https:\/\/ssrn.com\/abstract=3040201 (2017)."},{"key":"323_CR18","unstructured":"From the Commissioner\u2019s Desk (Delhi Police, 2015)."},{"key":"323_CR19","unstructured":"Singh, K. P. Hindustan Times http:\/\/go.nature.com\/3uqfX64 (2017)."},{"key":"323_CR20","unstructured":"CAG\u2019s Performance Audit report on Manpower and Logistics Management in Delhi Police\u201d presented (Comptroller and Auditor General of India, 2020); https:\/\/go.nature.com\/2NTAhf8"},{"key":"323_CR21","unstructured":"Marda, V & Narayan, S in Proc. ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency 317\u2013324 (ACM, 2020)."},{"key":"323_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Seaver, N. in Knowing Algorithms in DigitalSTS: A Field Guide for Science and Technology Studies (eds. Vertesi, J. & Ribes, D) 412\u2013422 (Princeton Univ. Press, 2019).","DOI":"10.2307\/j.ctvc77mp9.30"},{"key":"323_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.2307\/3178066","volume":"14","author":"D Haraway","year":"1988","unstructured":"Haraway, D. Fem. Stud. 14, 575\u2013599 (1988).","journal-title":"Fem. Stud."},{"key":"323_CR24","unstructured":"Delhi Police selects Barco for city\u2019s first C4I Surveillance Center (Barco, 2010); http:\/\/go.nature.com\/3uqab4j"},{"key":"323_CR25","unstructured":"Hanna, A. & Park, M. T. Preprint at https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2010.08850 (2020)."},{"key":"323_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1007\/s11186-020-09411-3","volume":"49","author":"A Christin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Christin, A. Theor. Soc. 49, 897\u2013918 (2020).","journal-title":"Theor. Soc."},{"key":"323_CR27","unstructured":"Latour, B. in The Lure of Whitehead (eds. Gaskill, N. & Nocek, A. J.) 34 (Univ. Minnesota Press, 2014)."}],"container-title":["Nature Machine Intelligence"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s42256-021-00323-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s42256-021-00323-0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s42256-021-00323-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,3]],"date-time":"2022-12-03T20:45:51Z","timestamp":1670100351000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s42256-021-00323-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,11]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]}},"alternative-id":["323"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s42256-021-00323-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["2522-5839"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2522-5839","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 March 2021","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}