{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:23:57Z","timestamp":1785543837953,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,28]],"date-time":"2023-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682640000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,28]],"date-time":"2023-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682640000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009633","name":"U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5 T32 HD40128-19"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5 T32 HD40128-19"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009633","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000092","name":"U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | U.S. National Library of Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R00-LM012926"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R00-LM012926"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000092","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nat Mach Intell"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s42256-023-00651-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,28]],"date-time":"2023-04-28T16:05:16Z","timestamp":1682697916000},"page":"476-479","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Translating intersectionality to fair machine learning in health sciences"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6590-7821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elle","family":"Lett","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William G.","family":"La Cava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"651_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1544","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2018.3763","volume":"178","author":"MA Gianfrancesco","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gianfrancesco, M. A., Tamang, S., Yazdany, J. & Schmajuk, G. JAMA Intern. Med. 178, 1544\u20131547 (2018).","journal-title":"JAMA Intern. Med."},{"key":"651_CR2","unstructured":"Collins, P. H. & Bilge, S. Intersectionality (John Wiley & Sons, 2020)."},{"key":"651_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)30569-X","volume":"389","author":"ZD Bailey","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bailey, Z. D. et al. Lancet 389, 1453\u20131463 (2017).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"651_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2015.11.010","volume":"147","author":"JM White Hughto","year":"2015","unstructured":"White Hughto, J. M., Reisner, S. L. & Pachankis, J. E. Soc. Sci. Med. 147, 222\u2013231 (2015).","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"key":"651_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2018.10.004","volume":"123","author":"AA Morris","year":"2019","unstructured":"Morris, A. A. et al. Am. J. Cardiol. 123, 291\u2013296 (2019).","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"651_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000003505","volume":"134","author":"JD Johnson","year":"2019","unstructured":"Johnson, J. D. et al. Obstet. Gynecol. 134, 1155\u20131162 (2019).","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"651_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2020-215097","volume":"75","author":"E Lett","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lett, E., Asabor, E. N., Corbin, T. & Boatright, D. J. Epidemiol. Community Health 75, 394\u2013397 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Epidemiol. Community Health"},{"key":"651_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31130-9","volume":"392","author":"J Bor","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bor, J., Venkataramani, A. S., Williams, D. R. & Tsai, A. C. Lancet 392, 302\u2013310 (2018).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"651_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1080\/01419870.2020.1781913","volume":"44","author":"AA Sewell","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sewell, A. A. et al. Ethn. Racial Stud. 44, 1089\u20131114 (2021).","journal-title":"Ethn. Racial Stud."},{"key":"651_CR10","unstructured":"Pleiss, G., Raghavan, M., Wu, F., Kleinberg, J. & Weinberger, K. Q. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst. 30, (2017)."},{"key":"651_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"del Barrio, E., Gordaliza, P. & Loubes, J.-M. Preprint at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arXiv.2005.13755 (2020).","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2005.13755"},{"key":"651_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1038\/s42256-021-00396-x","volume":"3","author":"KT Rodolfa","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rodolfa, K. T., Lamba, H. & Ghani, R. Nat. Mach. Intell. 3, 896\u2013904 (2021).","journal-title":"Nat. Mach. Intell."},{"key":"651_CR13","first-page":"71","volume":"22","author":"V Prabhakaran","year":"2020","unstructured":"Prabhakaran, V. & Martin, D. Health Hum. Rights 22, 71\u201374 (2020).","journal-title":"Health Hum. Rights"},{"key":"651_CR14","unstructured":"Sloane, M., Moss, E., Awomolo, O. & Forlano, L. P in EAAMO \u201822: Equity and Access in Algorithms, Mechanisms, and Optimization 1\u20136 (Association for Computing Machinery, 2022)."},{"key":"651_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13058-022-01533-z","volume":"24","author":"SD Siegel","year":"2022","unstructured":"Siegel, S. D. et al. Breast Cancer Res. 24, 37 (2022).","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res."},{"key":"651_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S208","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2021.306415","volume":"111","author":"KR Huyser","year":"2021","unstructured":"Huyser, K. R., Horse, A. J. Y., Kuhlemeier, A. A. & Huyser, M. R. Am. J. Public Health 111, S208\u2013S214 (2021).","journal-title":"Am. J. Public Health"},{"key":"651_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2021.01489","volume":"41","author":"RR Hardeman","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hardeman, R. R., Homan, P. A., Chantarat, T., Davis, B. A. & Brown, T. H. Health Aff. 41, 179\u2013186 (2022).","journal-title":"Health Aff."},{"key":"651_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1177\/00221465211032947","volume":"62","author":"P Homan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Homan, P., Brown, T. H. & King, B. J. Health Soc. Behav. 62, 350\u2013370 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Health Soc. Behav."},{"key":"651_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2022.1900","volume":"7","author":"MW Segar","year":"2022","unstructured":"Segar, M. W. et al. JAMA Cardiol. 7, 844\u2013854 (2022).","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol."},{"key":"651_CR20","unstructured":"Mhasawade, V. & Chunara, R. C in Proc. 2021 AAAI\/ACM Conference on AI, Ethics, and Society 784\u2013794 (Association for Computing Machinery, 2021)."},{"key":"651_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1147\/JRD.2019.2942287","volume":"63","author":"RK Bellamy","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bellamy, R. K. et al. IBM J. Res. Dev. 63, 4\u20131 (2019).","journal-title":"IBM J. Res. Dev."},{"key":"651_CR22","unstructured":"Kearns, M., Neel, S., Roth, A. & Wu, Z. S. in Proc. 35th International Conference on Machine Learning 80, 2564\u20132572 (2018)."},{"key":"651_CR23","unstructured":"H\u00e9bert-Johnson, U., Kim, M., Reingold, O. & Rothblum, G. in Proc. 35th International Conference on Machine Learning 80, 1939\u20131948 (2018)."},{"key":"651_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Foulds, J. R., Islam, R., Keya, K. N. & Pan, S. in Proc. 2020 SIAM International Conference on Data Mining 424\u2013432 (Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, 2020).","DOI":"10.1137\/1.9781611976236.48"},{"key":"651_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00395-0","volume":"397","author":"PS Sullivan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sullivan, P. S. et al. Lancet 397, 1095\u20131106 (2021).","journal-title":"Lancet"}],"container-title":["Nature Machine Intelligence"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s42256-023-00651-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s42256-023-00651-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s42256-023-00651-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,22]],"date-time":"2023-05-22T23:04:29Z","timestamp":1684796669000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s42256-023-00651-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,28]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]}},"alternative-id":["651"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s42256-023-00651-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["2522-5839"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2522-5839","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 April 2023","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing financial or non-financial interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}