{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T03:55:10Z","timestamp":1777434910604,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,29]],"date-time":"2009-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1233187200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":59,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["British J Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and purpose:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Recent evidence has suggested that pilocarpine (ACh receptor agonist) injected peripherally may act centrally producing salivation and hypertension. In this study, we investigated the effects of specific M<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>(pirenzepine), M<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/M<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>(methoctramine), M<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\/M<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>(4\u2010DAMP) and M<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>(tropicamide) muscarinic receptor subtype antagonists injected into the lateral cerebral ventricle (LV) on salivation, water intake and pressor responses to peripheral pilocarpine.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Experimental approach:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Male Holtzman rats with stainless steel cannulae implanted in the LV were used. Salivation was measured in rats anaesthetized with ketamine (100\u2003mg per kg body weight) and arterial pressure was recorded in unanaesthetized rats.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Key results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Salivation induced by i.p. pilocarpine (4\u2003\u03bcmol per kg body weight) was reduced only by 4\u2010DAMP (25\u2013250\u2003nmol) injected into the LV, not by pirenzepine, methoctramine or tropicamide at the dose of 500\u2003nmol. Pirenzepine (0.1 and 1\u2003nmol) and 4\u2010DAMP (5 and 10\u2003nmol) injected into the LV reduced i.p. pilocarpine\u2010induced water intake, whereas metoctramine (50\u2003nmol) produced nonspecific effects on ingestive behaviours. Injection of pirenzepine (100\u2003nmol) or 4\u2010DAMP (25 and 50\u2003nmol) into the LV reduced i.v. pilocarpine\u2010induced pressor responses. Tropicamide (500\u2003nmol) injected into the LV had no effect on pilocarpine\u2010induced salivation, pressor responses or water intake.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions and implications:<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results suggest that central M<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>receptors are involved in peripheral pilocarpine\u2010induced salivation and M<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>receptors in water intake and pressor responses. The involvement of M<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>receptors in water intake and pressor responses is not clear because 4\u2010DAMP blocks both M<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>and M<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>receptors.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>British Journal of Pharmacology<\/jats:italic>(2008)<jats:bold>155<\/jats:bold>, 1256\u20131263; doi:<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"doi\" xlink:href=\"10.1038\/bjp.2008.355\">10.1038\/bjp.2008.355<\/jats:ext-link>; published online 29 September 2008<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1038\/bjp.2008.355","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,29]],"date-time":"2008-09-29T11:03:39Z","timestamp":1222686219000},"page":"1256-1263","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Central muscarinic receptor subtypes involved in pilocarpine\u2010induced salivation, hypertension and water 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