{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T14:43:22Z","timestamp":1791211402012,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,15]],"date-time":"2012-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1331769600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cell Death Dis"],"DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2012.24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,15]],"date-time":"2012-03-15T11:07:23Z","timestamp":1331809643000},"page":"e284-e284","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["FTS and 2-DG induce pancreatic cancer cell death and tumor shrinkage in mice"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"L","family":"Goldberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Israeli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y","family":"Kloog","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFcddis201224_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.4161\/sgtp.1.1.12178","volume":"1","author":"AD Cox","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cox AD, Der CJ . Ras history: the saga continues. Small Gtpases 2011; 1: 2\u201327.","journal-title":"Small Gtpases"},{"key":"BFcddis201224_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-437X(98)80061-0","volume":"8","author":"J Downward","year":"1998","unstructured":"Downward J . Ras signalling and apoptosis. Curr Opin Genet Dev 1998; 8: 49\u201354.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Genet Dev"},{"key":"BFcddis201224_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1126\/science.271.5250.810","volume":"271","author":"T Joneson","year":"1996","unstructured":"Joneson T, White MA, Wigler MH, Bar Sagi D . Stimulation of membrane ruffling and MAP kinase activation by distinct effectors of RAS. Science 1996; 271: 810\u2013812.","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"11 Reviews","key":"BFcddis201224_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1395","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1202174","volume":"17","author":"SL Campbell","year":"1998","unstructured":"Campbell SL, Khosravi-Far R, Rossman KL, Clark GJ, Der CJ . Increasing complexity of Ras signaling. Oncogene 1998; 17 (11 Reviews): 1395\u20131413.","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"BFcddis201224_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1038\/363015a0","volume":"363","author":"F McCormick","year":"1993","unstructured":"McCormick F . Signal transduction. How receptors turn Ras on. Nature 1993; 363: 15\u201316.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFcddis201224_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1038\/366643a0","volume":"366","author":"MS Boguski","year":"1993","unstructured":"Boguski MS, McCormick F . Proteins regulating Ras and its relatives. Nature 1993; 366: 643\u2013654.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFcddis201224_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1126\/science.277.5324.333","volume":"277","author":"K Scheffzek","year":"1997","unstructured":"Scheffzek K, Ahmadian MR, Kabsch W, Wiesmuller L, Lautwein A, Schmitz F et al. The Ras-RasGAP complex: structural basis for GTPase activation and its loss in oncogenic Ras mutants. Science 1997; 277: 333\u2013338.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFcddis201224_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-biochem-062708-134043","volume":"80","author":"A Wittinghofer","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wittinghofer A, Vetter IR . Structure-function relationships of the G domain, a canonical switch motif. Annu Rev Biochem 2011; 80: 943\u2013971.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Biochem"},{"key":"BFcddis201224_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1038\/363045a0","volume":"363","author":"SE Egan","year":"1993","unstructured":"Egan SE, Giddings BW, Brooks MW, Buday L, Sizeland AM, Weinberg RA . Association of Sos Ras exchange protein with Grb2 is implicated in tyrosine kinase signal transduction and transformation. Nature 1993; 363: 45\u201351.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFcddis201224_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1038\/363088a0","volume":"363","author":"NW Gale","year":"1993","unstructured":"Gale NW, Kaplan S, Lowenstein EJ, Schlessinger J, Bar-Sagi D . Grb2 mediates the EGF-dependent activation of guanine nucleotide exchange on Ras. Nature 1993; 363: 88\u201392.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFcddis201224_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1796","DOI":"10.1126\/science.275.5307.1796","volume":"275","author":"VL Boyartchuk","year":"1997","unstructured":"Boyartchuk VL, Ashby MN, Rine J . Modulation of Ras and a-factor function by carboxyl-terminal proteolysis. Science 1997; 275: 1796\u20131800.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFcddis201224_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1991.tb07992.x","volume":"10","author":"JF Hancock","year":"1991","unstructured":"Hancock JF, Cadwallader K, Marshall CJ . Methylation and proteolysis are essential for efficient membrane binding of prenylated p21K-ras(B). EMBO J 1991; 10: 641\u2013646.","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"BFcddis201224_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-169X.2009.01122.x","volume":"51","author":"H Shoji","year":"2009","unstructured":"Shoji H, Deltour L, Nakamura T, Tajbakhsh S, Poirier F . Expression pattern and role of Galectin1 during early mouse myogenesis. Dev Growth Differ 2009; 51: 607\u2013615.","journal-title":"Dev Growth Differ"},{"key":"BFcddis201224_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34922","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M312697200","volume":"279","author":"G Elad-Sfadia","year":"2004","unstructured":"Elad-Sfadia G, Haklai R, Balan E, Kloog Y . Galectin-3 augments K-Ras activation and triggers a Ras signal that attenuates ERK but not phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity. J Biol Chem 2004; 279: 34922\u201334930.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"BFcddis201224_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37169","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M205698200","volume":"277","author":"G Elad-Sfadia","year":"2002","unstructured":"Elad-Sfadia G, Haklai R, Ballan E, Gabius HJ, Kloog Y . Galectin-1 augments Ras activation and diverts Ras signals to Raf-1 at the expense of phosphoinositide 3-kinase. J Biol Chem 2002; 277: 37169\u201337175.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"BFcddis201224_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7292","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-05-0775","volume":"65","author":"R Shalom-Feuerstein","year":"2005","unstructured":"Shalom-Feuerstein R, Cooks T, Raz A, Kloog Y . Galectin-3 regulates a molecular switch from N-Ras to K-Ras usage in human breast carcinoma cells. Cancer Res 2005; 65: 7292\u20137300.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"BFcddis201224_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3112","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-04-0026","volume":"64","author":"B Rotblat","year":"2004","unstructured":"Rotblat B, Niv H, Andre S, Kaltner H, Gabius HJ, Kloog Y . Galectin-1(L11A) predicted from a computed galectin-1 farnesyl-binding pocket selectively inhibits Ras-GTP. Cancer Res 2004; 64: 3112\u20133118.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"BFcddis201224_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e11991","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0011991","volume":"5","author":"B Rotblat","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rotblat B, Belanis L, Liang H, Haklai R, Elad-Zefadia G, Hancock JF et al. H-Ras nanocluster stability regulates the magnitude of MAPK signal output. PLoS One 2010; 5: e11991.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"BFcddis201224_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6608","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-08-1117","volume":"68","author":"R Shalom-Feuerstein","year":"2008","unstructured":"Shalom-Feuerstein R, Plowman SJ, Rotblat B, Ariotti N, Tian T, Hancock JF et al. K-ras nanoclustering is subverted by overexpression of the scaffold protein galectin-3. Cancer Res 2008; 68: 6608\u20136616.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"BFcddis201224_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2140","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-10-2887","volume":"71","author":"K Farin","year":"2011","unstructured":"Farin K, Schokoroy S, Haklai R, Cohen-Or I, Elad-Sfadia G, Reyes-Reyes ME et al. Oncogenic synergism between ErbB1, nucleolin, and mutant Ras. Cancer Res 2011; 71: 2140\u20132151.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"BFcddis201224_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1306","DOI":"10.1021\/bi972032d","volume":"37","author":"R Haklai","year":"1998","unstructured":"Haklai R, Gana-Weisz G, Elad G, Paz A, Marciano D, Egozi Y et al. Dislodgment and accelerated degradation of Ras. Biochemistry 1998; 37: 1306\u20131314.","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"BFcddis201224_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-4889(99)00144-5","volume":"1452","author":"G Elad","year":"1999","unstructured":"Elad G, Paz A, Haklai R, Marciano D, Cox A, Kloog Y . Targeting of K-Ras 4B by S-trans, trans-farnesyl thiosalicylic acid. Biochim Biophys Acta 1999; 1452: 228\u2013242.","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"BFcddis201224_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3609","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-08-0488","volume":"7","author":"L Goldberg","year":"2008","unstructured":"Goldberg L, Ocherashvilli A, Daniels D, Last D, Cohen ZR, Tamar G et al. Salirasib (farnesyl thiosalicylic acid) for brain tumor treatment: a convection-enhanced drug delivery study in rats. Mol Cancer Ther 2008; 7: 3609\u20133616.","journal-title":"Mol Cancer Ther"},{"key":"BFcddis201224_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1007\/s00280-007-0451-6","volume":"61","author":"R Haklai","year":"2008","unstructured":"Haklai R, Elad-Sfadia G, Egozi Y, Kloog Y . Orally administered FTS (Salirasib) inhibits human pancreatic tumor growth in nude mice. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2008; 61: 89\u201396.","journal-title":"Cancer Chemother Pharmacol"},{"key":"BFcddis201224_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2208","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-10-0262","volume":"9","author":"R Levy","year":"2011","unstructured":"Levy R, Grafi-Cohen M, Kraiem Z, Kloog Y . Galectin-3 promotes chronic activation of K-Ras and differentiation block in malignant thyroid carcinomas. Mol Cancer Ther 2011; 9: 2208\u20132219.","journal-title":"Mol Cancer Ther"},{"key":"BFcddis201224_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2579","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1202602","volume":"18","author":"B Weisz","year":"1999","unstructured":"Weisz B, Giehl K, Gana-Weisz M, Egozi Y, Ben-Baruch G, Marciano D et al. A new functional Ras antagonist inhibits human pancreatic tumor growth in nude mice. Oncogene 1999; 18: 2579\u20132588.","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"BFcddis201224_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.999.65.3","volume":"65","author":"R Blum","year":"2005","unstructured":"Blum R, Jacob-Hirsch J, Amariglio N, Rechavi G, Kloog Y . Ras inhibition in glioblastoma down-regulates hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha, causing glycolysis shutdown and cell death. Cancer Res 2005; 65: 999\u20131006.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"BFcddis201224_CR28","first-page":"101","volume":"45","author":"JL Dearling","year":"2004","unstructured":"Dearling JL, Flynn AA, Sutcliffe-Goulden J, Petrie IA, Boden R, Green AJ et al. Analysis of the regional uptake of radiolabeled deoxyglucose analogs in human tumor xenografts. J Nucl Med 2004; 45: 101\u2013107.","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"BFcddis201224_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1007\/s00280-003-0724-7","volume":"53","author":"JC Maher","year":"2004","unstructured":"Maher JC, Krishan A, Lampidis TJ . Greater cell cycle inhibition and cytotoxicity induced by 2-deoxy-D-glucose in tumor cells treated under hypoxic versus aerobic conditions. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2004; 53: 116\u2013122.","journal-title":"Cancer Chemother Pharmacol"},{"key":"BFcddis201224_CR30","first-page":"5496","volume":"63","author":"RL Aft","year":"2003","unstructured":"Aft RL, Lewis JS, Zhang F, Kim J, Welch MJ . Enhancing targeted radiotherapy by copper(II)diacetyl- bis(N4-methylthiosemicarbazone) using 2-deoxy-D-glucose. Cancer Res 2003; 63: 5496\u20135504.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"BFcddis201224_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2007.08.032","volume":"44","author":"MC Coleman","year":"2008","unstructured":"Coleman MC, Asbury CR, Daniels D, Du J, Aykin-Burns N, Smith BJ et al. 2-deoxy-D-glucose causes cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, and radiosensitization in pancreatic cancer. Free Radic Biol Med 2008; 44: 322\u2013331.","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"BFcddis201224_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-03-3294","volume":"64","author":"G Maschek","year":"2004","unstructured":"Maschek G, Savaraj N, Priebe W, Braunschweiger P, Hamilton K, Tidmarsh GF et al. 2-deoxy-D-glucose increases the efficacy of adriamycin and paclitaxel in human osteosarcoma and non-small cell lung cancers in vivo. Cancer Res 2004; 64: 31\u201334.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"BFcddis201224_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6600547","volume":"87","author":"RL Aft","year":"2002","unstructured":"Aft RL, Zhang FW, Gius D . Evaluation of 2-deoxy-D-glucose as a chemotherapeutic agent: mechanism of cell death. Br J Cancer 2002; 87: 805\u2013812.","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"BFcddis201224_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.4161\/cbt.4.1.1381","volume":"4","author":"S Gupta","year":"2005","unstructured":"Gupta S, Mathur R, Dwarakanath BS . The glycolytic inhibitor 2-deoxy-D-glucose enhances the efficacy of etoposide in ehrlich ascites tumor-bearing mice. Cancer Biol Ther 2005; 4: 87\u201394.","journal-title":"Cancer Biol Ther"},{"key":"BFcddis201224_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1097\/MPA.0b013e31818c746a","volume":"38","author":"B Chifenti","year":"2009","unstructured":"Chifenti B, Morelli M, Zavaglia M, Coviello DA, Guerneri S, Santucci A et al. Establishment and characterization of 4 new human pancreatic cancer cell lines: evidences of different tumor phenotypes. Pancreas 2009; 38: 184\u2013196.","journal-title":"Pancreas"},{"key":"BFcddis201224_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1016\/S1130-1473(09)70130-7","volume":"20","author":"A Colak","year":"2009","unstructured":"Colak A, Antar V, Karaoglan A, Akdemir O, Sahan E, Celik O et al. Q-VD-OPh, a pancaspase inhibitor, reduces trauma-induced apoptosis and improves the recovery of hind-limb function in rats after spinal cord injury. Neurocirugia (Astur) 2009; 20: 533\u2013540 discussion 540.","journal-title":"Neurocirugia (Astur)"},{"key":"BFcddis201224_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2337","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-06-0193","volume":"5","author":"R Blum","year":"2006","unstructured":"Blum R, Jacob-Hirsch J, Rechavi G, Kloog Y . Suppression of survivin expression in glioblastoma cells by the Ras inhibitor farnesylthiosalicylic acid promotes caspase-dependent apoptosis. Mol Cancer Ther 2006; 5: 2337\u20132347.","journal-title":"Mol Cancer Ther"},{"key":"BFcddis201224_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3320","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-06-4287","volume":"67","author":"R Blum","year":"2007","unstructured":"Blum R, Elkon R, Yaari S, Zundelevich A, Jacob-Hirsch J, Rechavi G et al. Gene expression signature of human cancer cell lines treated with the Ras inhibitor salirasib (S-farnesylthiosalicylic acid). Cancer Res 2007; 67: 3320\u20133328.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"BFcddis201224_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6796","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-11-0759","volume":"71","author":"S Ramirez-Peinado","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ramirez-Peinado S, Alcazar-Limones F, Lagares-Tena L, El Mjiyad N, Caro-Maldonado A, Tirado OM et al. 2-deoxyglucose induces Noxa-dependent apoptosis in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. Cancer Res 2011; 71: 6796\u20136806.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"}],"container-title":["Cell Death & Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cddis201224.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cddis201224","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cddis201224.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,5]],"date-time":"2023-01-05T23:43:03Z","timestamp":1672962183000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cddis201224"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,15]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]}},"alternative-id":["BFcddis201224"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/cddis.2012.24","relation":{},"ISSN":["2041-4889"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2041-4889","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 February 2012","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 February 2012","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 March 2012","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflict of interest.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}