{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T20:12:33Z","timestamp":1790626353851,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,26]],"date-time":"2015-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1435276800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":25,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin &amp; Trans Imm"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Granzyme B (GzmB) is a serine protease best known for inducing target cell apoptosis when released by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) or natural killer cells with pore\u2010forming perforin. As a result, GzmB detected in the serum of virus\u2010infected individuals has typically been attributed to these sources. Here, we show that patients with recently diagnosed infectious mononucleosis caused by Epstein\u2010Barr virus (EBV) have high circulating levels of GzmB that may be derived from infected B cells early in course of disease. We recently reported that human B cells from healthy donors secrete active GzmB when stimulated <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> through B\u2010cell receptor (BCR) ligation and interleukin (IL)\u201021. We found that infecting B cells with EBV greatly amplified GzmB secretion in response to the same stimuli, but the expression was terminated once the infection had become latent. Our results represent a rare instance of GzmB expression by non\u2010CTL\/natural killer cells in the context of infection with a human pathogen.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/cti.2015.10","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,26]],"date-time":"2015-06-26T07:21:32Z","timestamp":1435303292000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["B cell\u2010derived circulating granzyme B is a feature of acute infectious mononucleosis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Hagn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Immunology Program, Cancer Cell Death Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre  East Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne  Parkvillie, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Archana","family":"Panikkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development, Queensland Institute of Medical Research  Brisbane Queensland, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Corey","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development, Queensland Institute of Medical Research  Brisbane Queensland, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"Henry H","family":"Balfour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Paediatrics and Microbiology, University of Minnesota Medical School  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajiv","family":"Khanna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development, Queensland Institute of Medical Research  Brisbane Queensland, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilia","family":"Voskoboinik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Immunology Program, Cancer Cell Death Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre  East Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne  Parkvillie, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph A","family":"Trapani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Immunology Program, Cancer Cell Death Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre  East Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne  Parkvillie, Victoria, Australia"},{"name":"Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre  Melbourne, Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp1001116"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(03)00050-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.15.1.405"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0901066"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/icb.2011.64"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/491740"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3610","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.160.7.3610","article-title":"Extracellular granzymes A and B in humans: detection of native species during CTL responses in vitro and in vivo","volume":"160","author":"Spaeny\u2010Dekking EH","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200940113"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1402568"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_2","first-page":"4884","article-title":"Granzyme B\u2010mediated degradation of T\u2010cell receptor zeta chain","volume":"62","author":"Wieckowski E","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2012.09.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M412001200"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000147162.51930.b7"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2014.11.012"}],"container-title":["Clinical &amp; Translational Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1038\/cti.2015.10","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,29]],"date-time":"2023-09-29T20:02:06Z","timestamp":1696017726000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1038\/cti.2015.10"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1038\/cti.2015.10"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/cti.2015.10","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2050-0068","2050-0068"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2050-0068","type":"print"},{"value":"2050-0068","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2015-05-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2015-05-20","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2015-06-26","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e38"}}