{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:13:05Z","timestamp":1787065985021,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1991,9,1]],"date-time":"1991-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":683683200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eye"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,9]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/eye.1991.93","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,4]],"date-time":"2011-07-04T07:07:30Z","timestamp":1309763250000},"page":"503-510","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Xanthopsia and van Gogh's yellow palette"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Wilfred Niels","family":"Arnold","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Loretta S","family":"Loftus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"BFeye199193_CR1","first-page":"1083","volume":"54","author":"RE Hemphill","year":"1961","unstructured":"Hemphill RE : The illness of Vincent van Gogh. Proc R Soc Med 1961, 54: 1083\u201388.","journal-title":"Proc R Soc Med"},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1981.03310320049025","volume":"245","author":"TC Lee","year":"1981","unstructured":"Lee TC : van Gogh's vision: digitalis intoxication? J Am Med Assn 1981, 245: 727\u20139.","journal-title":"J Am Med Assn"},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR3","unstructured":"The complete letters of Vincent van Gogh. 2nd ed. Boston, New York Graphics Society, 1978."},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR4","unstructured":"de la Faille JB : The works of Vincent van Gogh: his paintings and drawings. New York, Reynal & Co, 1970."},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR5","unstructured":"Pickvance R : van Gogh in Aries. New York. Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1984."},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR6","unstructured":"Pickvance R : van Gogh in Saint R\u00e9my and Auvers. New York. Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1986."},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR7","unstructured":"Stein S : van Gogh: a retrospective. New York. Park Lane, 1986."},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR8","unstructured":"Barrielle JF : The life and work of Vincent van Gogh. Secaucus, New Jersey. Chartwell Books Inc, 1984."},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR9","unstructured":"Zurcher B : Vincent van Gogh: Art, life and letters. New York. Rizzoli, 1985."},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR10","unstructured":"Hulsker J : The complete van Gogh: paintings, drawings, sketches. New York. Harry N. Abrams Inc. 1980."},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR11","unstructured":"Bonafoux P : van Gogh self portraits. New York. Tabard Press, 1989."},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR12","first-page":"776","volume":"1","author":"EA Boettner","year":"1962","unstructured":"Boettner EA and Wolter JR : Transmission of the ocular media. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1962, 1: 776\u201383.","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR13","first-page":"721","volume":"52","author":"PD Trevor-Roper","year":"1959","unstructured":"Trevor-Roper PD : The influence of eye disease on pictorial art. Proc R Soc Med 1959; 52: 721\u201344.","journal-title":"Proc R Soc Med"},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1437","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.26.001437","volume":"26","author":"J Pokorny","year":"1987","unstructured":"Pokorny J, Smith VC, Lutze M : Ageing of the human lens. Appl Optics 1987; 26: 1437\u201340.","journal-title":"Appl Optics"},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR15","unstructured":"Walsh FB and Hoyt WF : Clinical neuro-ophthal- mology. 3rd ed. Baltimore. Williams & Wilkins, 1969: vol 3, 2541\u20132716."},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR16","unstructured":"Withering W : An account of the foxglove and some of its medical uses. Birmingham, Robinson, 1785."},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR17","first-page":"2024","volume":"84","author":"PJ Hanzlik","year":"1925","unstructured":"Hanzlik PJ : Jan Evangelista Purkyne (Purkinje) on disturbances of the vision by digitalis. J Am Med Assn 1925, 84: 2024\u20132025.","journal-title":"J Am Med Assn"},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.3.5725.737","volume":"3","author":"AH Lely","year":"1970","unstructured":"Lely AH and van Enter CHJ : Large-scale digitoxin intoxication. Br Med J 1970, 3: 737\u201340.","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR19","unstructured":"Duke-Elder S : System of ophthalmology. St. Louis. Mosby, 1972: vol. XIV"},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1965.00970040156004","volume":"74","author":"HC Gibson","year":"1965","unstructured":"Gibson HC, Smith DM, Alpern M : P5 specificity in digitoxin toxicity. Arch Ophthalmol 1965, 74: 154\u201358.","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1159\/000303449","volume":"136","author":"L Unger","year":"1958","unstructured":"Unger L : Chromatopie nach digitalis. Ophthal- mologica 1958, 136: 326\u201332.","journal-title":"Ophthal- mologica"},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1966.03850010642004","volume":"76","author":"DM Robertson","year":"1966","unstructured":"Robertson DM, Hollenhorst RW, Callahan JA : Ocular manifestations of digitalis toxicity. Arch Ophthalmol 1966, 76: 640\u20135.","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR23","first-page":"1753","volume":"45","author":"P Rentchnick","year":"1987","unstructured":"Rentchnick P : Pathographie, van Gogh. Medecine et Hygiene 1987, 45: 1753\u201361.","journal-title":"Medecine et Hygiene"},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR24","first-page":"2466","volume":"46","author":"P Lanthony","year":"1988","unstructured":"Lanthony P : La xanthopsie de van Gogh. Medecine et Hygiene 1988, 46: 2466\u201372.","journal-title":"Medecine et Hygiene"},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR25","first-page":"699","volume":"77","author":"JG Ravin","year":"1981","unstructured":"Ravin JG : van Gogh's Illness. Ohio State Med J 1981, 77: 699\u2013702.","journal-title":"Ohio State Med J"},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.2307\/750400","volume":"10","author":"C Nordenfalk","year":"1947","unstructured":"Nordenfalk C : van Gogh and literature. J Warburg Cortauld Inst 1947, 10: 132\u201347.","journal-title":"J Warburg Cortauld Inst"},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR27","unstructured":"Weiner D : Raspail, scientist and reformer. New York and London. Columbia University Press, 1968."},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR28","unstructured":"Raspail FV : Manuel annuaire de la sant\u00e9 pour 1886. Paris. Chez l'Editeur, 1886."},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR29","unstructured":"Wood GB and Bache F : The dispensatory of the United States of America. 15th ed. Philadelphia. JB Lippincott & Co. 1886: 1270."},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR30","unstructured":"Simonsen JL : The terpenes. Cambridge. Cambridge University Press, 1949: vol 2."},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR31","unstructured":"Wood CA : The American encyclopedia and dictionary of ophthalmology. Chicago. Cleveland Press, 1919: vol 17, 12861."},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)05600-9","volume":"30","author":"W Marshall","year":"1927","unstructured":"Marshall W : A study of santonin xanthopsia. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1927, 30: 361\u201388.","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR33","unstructured":"Grant WM : Toxicology of the eye. 2nd ed. Springfield, Illinois. Charles C. Thomas, 1974."},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)92079-8","volume":"2","author":"HA Cookson","year":"1940","unstructured":"Cookson HA and Stock CJH : Santonin poisoning, fatal case. Lancet 1940. 2: 1940, 745.","journal-title":"Lancet 1940."},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-197104000-00022","volume":"64","author":"RR Oldham","year":"1971","unstructured":"Oldham RR, Wang YM, van Eys J, Carter JP : Hemolytic crisis in a patient treated with santonin: possible santonin poisoning. South Med J 1971, 64: 480\u20132.","journal-title":"South Med J"},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3042","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1988.03410200098033","volume":"260","author":"WN Arnold","year":"1988","unstructured":"Arnold WN : Vincent van Gogh and the thujone connection. J Am Med Assn 1988, 260: 3042\u20134.","journal-title":"J Am Med Assn"},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-197807000-00003","volume":"166","author":"RR Monroe","year":"1978","unstructured":"Monroe RR : The episodic psychoses of Vincent van Gogh. J Nerv Ment Dis 1978, 166: 480\u20138.","journal-title":"J Nerv Ment Dis"},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR38","first-page":"121","volume":"23 (4 serie)","author":"H Schmidt","year":"1915","unstructured":"Schmidt H : L'Absinthe l'alienation mentale et la criminalite. Annals d'Hygiene Publique et Medecine Legale 1915, 23 (4 serie): 121\u201333.","journal-title":"Annals d'Hygiene Publique et Medecine Legale"},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1038\/scientificamerican0689-112","volume":"260","author":"WN Arnold","year":"1989","unstructured":"Arnold WN : Absinthe. Sci Am 1989, 260: 112\u20137.","journal-title":"Sci Am"},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)42231-3","volume":"2","author":"V Magnan","year":"1874","unstructured":"Magnan V : On the comparative action of alcohol and absinthe. Lancet 1874, 2: 410\u201312.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR41","unstructured":"Sollmann T : A manual of pharmacology and its applications to therapeutics toxicology. 7th ed. Philadelphia. WB Saunders Co, 1948."},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR42","unstructured":"Kalinowsky LB, Hippius H, Klein HE : Biological treatments in psychiatry. New York. Grune & Stratton, 1982: chapter 3, 217\u2013221."},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1940.00870020108010","volume":"24","author":"SR Dean","year":"1940","unstructured":"Dean SR : Studies in convulsant therapy. IV The effects of metrazol (pentamethylenetetrazol) on the eye. Arch Ophthalmol 1940, 24: 316\u201325.","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR44","first-page":"1813","volume":"37","author":"E Friedman","year":"1937","unstructured":"Friedman E : Irritative therapy of schizophrenia. N Y State J Med 1937, 37: 1813\u201321.","journal-title":"N Y State J Med"},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR45","first-page":"494","volume":"51","author":"R Hilbert","year":"1913","unstructured":"Hilbert R : Zur kenntnis der genuinen chromatopsien. Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde 1913, 51: 494\u20137.","journal-title":"Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde"},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1021\/ed068p27","volume":"68","author":"WN Arnold","year":"1991","unstructured":"Arnold WN, Dalton TP, Loftus LS, Conan PA : A search for santonin in Artemisia pontica, the other wormwood of old absinthe. J Chem Ed 1991, 68: 27\u201328.","journal-title":"J Chem Ed"},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR47","unstructured":"Item A16. In The complete letters of Vincent van Gogh. 2nd ed. Boston: New York Graphics Society 1978, vol 3. 605."},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR48","unstructured":"Beer J : Essai sur les rapports de l'art et de la maladie de Vincent van Gogh. These, Doctorat en Medecine, L'Universite de Strasbourg, 1935."},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR49","unstructured":"Satterthwaite TE : Heat-stroke. In Buck AH, ed. A reference handbook of the medical sciences. New York: William Wood & Co, 1886: vol III, 600."},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR50","first-page":"371","volume":"83","author":"JF Stanford","year":"1986","unstructured":"Stanford JF : Heatstroke, a review of clinical manifestations and management. Mo Med 1986, 83: 371\u20134.","journal-title":"Mo Med"},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(45)90940-8","volume":"28","author":"FD Carroll","year":"1945","unstructured":"Carroll FD : Visual symptoms caused by digitalis. Am J Ophthalmol 1945, 28: 373\u20136.","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"BFeye199193_CR52","unstructured":"Goethe JW : (Eastlake CL, Translator) The theory of colours. Cambridge. MIT Press, 1970."}],"container-title":["Eye"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/eye199193.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/eye199193","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/eye199193.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]],"date-time":"2025-03-06T17:07:32Z","timestamp":1741280852000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/eye199193"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1991,9]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,9]]}},"alternative-id":["BFeye199193"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/eye.1991.93","relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-222X","1476-5454"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0950-222X","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-5454","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1991,9]]}}}