{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T21:58:04Z","timestamp":1784757484776,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,16]],"date-time":"2015-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1421366400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eye"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2014.333","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,16]],"date-time":"2015-01-16T10:26:44Z","timestamp":1421404004000},"page":"469-474","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":67,"title":["Acute corneal hydrops in keratoconus: a national prospective study of incidence and management"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"A","family":"Barsam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H","family":"Petrushkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N","family":"Brennan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Bunce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W","family":"Xing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B","family":"Foot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Tuft","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"BFeye2014333_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2013.278","volume":"28","author":"AE Davidson","year":"2014","unstructured":"Davidson AE, Hayes S, Hardcastle AJ, Tuft SJ . The pathogenesis of keratoconus. Eye 2014; 28 (2): 189\u2013195.","journal-title":"Eye"},{"issue":"3","key":"BFeye2014333_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(94)31313-3","volume":"101","author":"SJ Tuft","year":"1994","unstructured":"Tuft SJ, Moodaley LC, Gregory WM, Davison CR, Buckley RJ . Prognostic factors for the progression of keratoconus. Ophthalmology 1994; 101 (3): 439\u2013447.","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"6","key":"BFeye2014333_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2011.7","volume":"129","author":"TL Kelly","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kelly TL, Williams KA, Coster DJ . Australian Corneal Graft R. Corneal transplantation for keratoconus: a registry study. Arch Ophthalmol 2011; 129 (6): 691\u2013697.","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"Pt 4","key":"BFeye2014333_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2000.154","volume":"14","author":"AR Pearson","year":"2000","unstructured":"Pearson AR, Soneji B, Sarvananthan N, Sandford-Smith JH . Does ethnic origin influence the incidence or severity of keratoconus? Eye 2000; 14 (Pt 4): 625\u2013628.","journal-title":"Eye"},{"issue":"3","key":"BFeye2014333_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(86)90817-2","volume":"101","author":"RH Kennedy","year":"1986","unstructured":"Kennedy RH, Bourne WM, Dyer JA . A 48-year clinical and epidemiologic study of keratoconus. Am J Ophthalmol 1986; 101 (3): 267\u2013273.","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"4","key":"BFeye2014333_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.eye.6700652","volume":"18","author":"T Georgiou","year":"2004","unstructured":"Georgiou T, Funnell CL, Cassels-Brown A, O\u2019Conor R . Influence of ethnic origin on the incidence of keratoconus and associated atopic disease in Asians and white patients. Eye 2004; 18 (4): 379\u2013383.","journal-title":"Eye"},{"issue":"8","key":"BFeye2014333_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0420.2007.00981.x","volume":"85","author":"K Nielsen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Nielsen K, Hjortdal J, Aagaard Nohr E, Ehlers N . Incidence and prevalence of keratoconus in Denmark. Acta Ophthalmol Scand 2007; 85 (8): 890\u2013892.","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol Scand"},{"key":"BFeye2014333_CR8","first-page":"1","volume":"178","author":"A Ihalainen","year":"1986","unstructured":"Ihalainen A . Clinical and epidemiological features of keratoconus genetic and external factors in the pathogenesis of the disease. Acta Ophthalmol Suppl 1986; 178: 1\u201364.","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol Suppl"},{"issue":"4","key":"BFeye2014333_CR9","first-page":"38","volume":"114","author":"EN Gorskova","year":"1998","unstructured":"Gorskova EN, Sevost\u2019ianov EN . Epidemiology of keratoconus in the Urals. Vestn Oftalmol 1998; 114 (4): 38\u201340.","journal-title":"Vestn Oftalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"BFeye2014333_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.06.024","volume":"148","author":"JB Jonas","year":"2009","unstructured":"Jonas JB, Nangia V, Matin A, Kulkarni M, Bhojwani K . Prevalence and associations of keratoconus in rural Maharashtra in central India: the central India eye and medical study. Am J Ophthalmol 2009; 148 (5): 760\u2013765.","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"11","key":"BFeye2014333_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.03.040","volume":"118","author":"N Sharma","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sharma N, Mannan R, Jhanji V, Agarwal T, Pruthi A, Titiyal JS et al. Ultrasound biomicroscopy-guided assessment of acute corneal hydrops. Ophthalmology 2011; 118 (11): 2166\u20132171.","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"2","key":"BFeye2014333_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(89)90217-1","volume":"107","author":"JB Carter","year":"1989","unstructured":"Carter JB, Jones DB, Wilhelmus KR . Acute hydrops in pellucid marginal corneal degeneration. Am J Ophthalmol 1989; 107 (2): 167\u2013170.","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"6","key":"BFeye2014333_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2003.09.035","volume":"111","author":"MS Sridhar","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sridhar MS, Mahesh S, Bansal AK, Nutheti R, Rao GN . Pellucid marginal corneal degeneration. Ophthalmology 2004; 111 (6): 1102\u20131107.","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"5","key":"BFeye2014333_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.01.017","volume":"157","author":"JC Fan Gaskin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fan Gaskin JC, Patel DV, McGhee CN . Acute corneal hydrops in keratoconus\u2013new perspectives. Am J Ophthalmol 2014; 157 (5): 921\u2013928.","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"Pt 4","key":"BFeye2014333_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.1992.83","volume":"6","author":"NJ Rowson","year":"1992","unstructured":"Rowson NJ, Dart JK, Buckley RJ . Corneal neovascularisation in acute hydrops. Eye 1992; 6 (Pt 4): 404\u2013406.","journal-title":"Eye"},{"issue":"5","key":"BFeye2014333_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.80.5.409","volume":"80","author":"ED Donnenfeld","year":"1996","unstructured":"Donnenfeld ED, Schrier A, Perry HD, Ingraham HJ, Lasonde R, Epstein A et al. Infectious keratitis with corneal perforation associated with corneal hydrops and contact lens wear in keratoconus. Br J Ophthalmol 1996; 80 (5): 409\u2013412.","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"10","key":"BFeye2014333_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1738","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(94)31110-9","volume":"101","author":"SJ Tuft","year":"1994","unstructured":"Tuft SJ, Gregory WM, Buckley RJ . Acute corneal hydrops in keratoconus. Ophthalmology 1994; 101 (10): 1738\u20131744.","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"BFeye2014333_CR18","first-page":"331","volume":"129","author":"M Amsler","year":"1961","unstructured":"Amsler M . Some data on the problem of keratoconus. Bull Soc Belge Ophtalmol 1961; 129: 331\u2013354.","journal-title":"Bull Soc Belge Ophtalmol"},{"issue":"2","key":"BFeye2014333_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1111\/cxo.12048","volume":"96","author":"JC Fan Gaskin","year":"2013","unstructured":"Fan Gaskin JC, Good WR, Jordan CA, Patel DV, McGhee C . The Auckland keratoconus study: identifying predictors of acute corneal hydrops in keratoconus. Clin Exp Optom 2013; 96 (2): 208\u2013213.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Optom"},{"issue":"2","key":"BFeye2014333_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1097\/00003226-199603000-00006","volume":"15","author":"K Zadnik","year":"1996","unstructured":"Zadnik K, Barr JT, Gordon MO, Edrington TB . Biomicroscopic signs and disease severity in keratoconus. Collaborative Longitudinal Evaluation of Keratoconus (CLEK) Study Group. Cornea 1996; 15 (2): 139\u2013146.","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"BFeye2014333_CR21","unstructured":"Office for National Statistics. 2011 Census: Population Estimates for the United Kingdom, 27 March 2011. Available at \n                    http:\/\/www.ons.gov.uk\/ons\/rel\/census\/2011-census\/population-and-household-estimates-for-the-united-kingdom\/stb-2011-census\u2014population-estimates-for-the-united-kingdom.html#tab-The-structure-of-the-population-of-the-United-Kingdom\n                    \n                  ."},{"key":"BFeye2014333_CR22","unstructured":"Scotland census 2011. Available at \n                    http:\/\/www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk\/ods-analyser\/jsf\/tableView\/crosstabTableView.xhtml\n                    \n                  . accessed on 16 March 2014."},{"key":"BFeye2014333_CR23","unstructured":"Northern Ireland census 2011. Available at \n                    http:\/\/www.ninis2.nisra.gov.uk\/public\/pivotgrid.aspx?dataSetVars=ds-3962-lh-73-yn-2011-sk-136-sn-Census2011-yearfilter\n                    \n                  . accessed on 16 March 2014."},{"issue":"5","key":"BFeye2014333_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e31820cd61d","volume":"31","author":"YO Kok","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kok YO, Tan GF, Loon SC . Review: keratoconus in Asia. Cornea 2012; 31 (5): 581\u2013593.","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"BFeye2014333_CR25","first-page":"187","volume":"97","author":"S Grewal","year":"1999","unstructured":"Grewal S, Laibson PR, Cohen EJ, Rapuano CJ . Acute hydrops in the corneal ectasias: associated factors and outcomes. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 1999; 97: 187\u2013198 discussion 198-203.","journal-title":"Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc"},{"issue":"9","key":"BFeye2014333_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e31805444ba","volume":"26","author":"A Panda","year":"2007","unstructured":"Panda A, Aggarwal A, Madhavi P, Wagh VB, Dada T, Kumar A et al. Management of acute corneal hydrops secondary to keratoconus with intracameral injection of sulfur hexafluoride (SF6). Cornea 2007; 26 (9): 1067\u20131069.","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"issue":"2","key":"BFeye2014333_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2004.07.059","volume":"139","author":"SG Shah","year":"2005","unstructured":"Shah SG, Sridhar MS, Sangwan VS . Acute corneal hydrops treated by intracameral injection of perfluoropropane (C3F8) gas. Am J Ophthalmol 2005; 139 (2): 368\u2013370.","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"BFeye2014333_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(98)00068-3","volume":"126","author":"RS Feder","year":"1998","unstructured":"Feder RS, Wilhelmus KR, Vold SD, O\u2019Grady RB . Intrastromal clefts in keratoconus patients with hydrops. Am J Ophthalmol 1998; 126 (1): 9\u201316.","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"7","key":"BFeye2014333_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2005.085878","volume":"91","author":"AH Al Suhaibani","year":"2007","unstructured":"Al Suhaibani AH, Al-Rajhi AA, Al-Motowa S, Wagoner MD . Inverse relationship between age and severity and sequelae of acute corneal hydrops associated with keratoconus. Br J Ophthalmol 2007; 91 (7): 984\u2013985.","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"BFeye2014333_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2010.09.030","volume":"118","author":"S Basu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Basu S, Vaddavalli PK, Ramappa M, Shah S, Murthy SI, Sangwan VS . Intracameral perfluoropropane gas in the treatment of acute corneal hydrops. Ophthalmology 2011; 118 (5): 934\u2013939.","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"2","key":"BFeye2014333_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1097\/00003226-200203000-00004","volume":"21","author":"M Edwards","year":"2002","unstructured":"Edwards M, Clover GM, Brookes N, Pendergrast D, Chaulk J, McGhee CN . Indications for corneal transplantation in New Zealand: 1991\u20131999. Cornea 2002; 21 (2): 152\u2013155.","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"issue":"12","key":"BFeye2014333_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1502","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e31822018b9","volume":"30","author":"HM Anwar","year":"2011","unstructured":"Anwar HM, Anwar M . Predescemetic dissection for healed hydrops\u2013judicious use of air and fluid. Cornea 2011; 30 (12): 1502\u20131509.","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"issue":"10","key":"BFeye2014333_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1304","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2012-302110","volume":"96","author":"MA Nanavaty","year":"2012","unstructured":"Nanavaty MA, Daya SM . Outcomes of deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty in keratoconic eyes with previous hydrops. Br J Ophthalmol 2012; 96 (10): 1304\u20131309.","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"6","key":"BFeye2014333_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e31823d03e3","volume":"31","author":"S Basu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Basu S, Reddy JC, Vaddavalli PK, Vemuganti GK, Sangwan VS . Long-term outcomes of penetrating keratoplasty for keratoconus with resolved corneal hydrops. Cornea 2012; 31 (6): 615\u2013620.","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"BFeye2014333_CR35","unstructured":"Statistical Yearbook 2012. Statistics Denmark. Available at \n                    http:\/\/www.dst.dk\/pukora\/epub\/upload\/16251\/02pop.pdf\n                    \n                  . accessed on 11 October 2014."},{"key":"BFeye2014333_CR36","unstructured":"Office for National Statistics. Ethnicity and National Identity in England and Wales 2011, 11 Dec 2012. Available at \n                    http:\/\/www.ons.gov.uk\/ons\/dcp171776_290558.pdf\n                    \n                  . accessed on 14 March 2014."}],"container-title":["Eye"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/eye2014333.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/eye2014333","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/eye2014333.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,18]],"date-time":"2023-05-18T17:23:42Z","timestamp":1684430622000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/eye2014333"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,16]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]}},"alternative-id":["BFeye2014333"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/eye.2014.333","relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-222X","1476-5454"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0950-222X","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-5454","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"6 July 2014","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 November 2014","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 January 2015","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflict of interest.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}