{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T18:03:47Z","timestamp":1774375427410,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,29]],"date-time":"2016-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1454025600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eye"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,4]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2015.278","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,29]],"date-time":"2016-01-29T10:32:18Z","timestamp":1454063538000},"page":"593-601","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Management of inflammatory corneal melt leading to central perforation in children: a retrospective study and review of literature"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"A","family":"Medsinge","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Gajdosova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W","family":"Moore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K K","family":"Nischal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFeye2015278_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1097\/00003226-199101000-00017","volume":"10","author":"K Yamaguchi","year":"1991","unstructured":"Yamaguchi K, Okabe H, Tamai M . Corneal perforation in a patient with Cockayne\u2019s syndrome. Cornea 1991; 10: 79\u201380.","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"BFeye2015278_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1097\/ICU.0b013e3283479ffc","volume":"22","author":"GW Zaidman","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zaidman GW . The pediatric corneal infiltrate. Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2011; 22: 261\u2013266.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"BFeye2015278_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2011.06.009","volume":"15","author":"AK Leung","year":"2011","unstructured":"Leung AK, MireskandariK, Ali A . Peripheral ulcerative keratitis in a child. J AAPOS 2011; 15: 486\u2013488.","journal-title":"J AAPOS"},{"key":"BFeye2015278_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-012-9520-x","volume":"32","author":"P Agarwal","year":"2012","unstructured":"Agarwal P, Singh D, Sinha G, Sharma N, Titiyal JS . Bilateral Mooren\u2019s ulcer in a child secondary to helminthic infestation of the gastrointestinal tract. Int Ophthalmol 2012; 32: 463\u2013466.","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol"},{"key":"BFeye2015278_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2011-300985","volume":"96","author":"A Mathur","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mathur A, Ashar J, Sangwan VS . Mooren\u2019s ulcer in children. Br J Ophthalmol 2012; 96: 796\u2013800.","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"BFeye2015278_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2011.08.037","volume":"153","author":"L Teo","year":"2012","unstructured":"Teo L, Mehta JS, Htoon HM, Tan DT . Severity of pediatric blepharokeratoconjunctivitis in asian eyes. Am J Ophthalmol 2012; 153: 564\u2013570.","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"BFeye2015278_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2011-300771","volume":"96","author":"S Hamada","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hamada S, Khan I, Denniston AK, Rauz S . Childhood blepharokeratoconjunctivitis: characterizing a severe phenotype in white adolescents. Br J Ophthalmol 2012; 96: 949\u2013955.","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"BFeye2015278_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1246","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(83)34401-8","volume":"90","author":"RR Pfister","year":"1983","unstructured":"Pfister RR . Chemical injuries of the eye. Ophthalmology 1983; 90: 1246\u20131253.","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"BFeye2015278_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.3928\/01913913-20100901-04","volume":"47","author":"M Papathanassiou","year":"2010","unstructured":"Papathanassiou M, Zampeli E, Kaplanoglou T, Theodossiadis P . Peripheral ulcerative keratitis in a patient with systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2010; 47: e1\u2013e3.","journal-title":"J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus"},{"key":"BFeye2015278_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1007\/s10384-010-0889-7","volume":"55","author":"JY Oh","year":"2011","unstructured":"Oh JY, Kim MK, Wee WR . Infliximab for progressive peripheral ulcerative keratitis in a patient with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2011; 55: 70\u201371.","journal-title":"Jpn J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"BFeye2015278_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.08.040","volume":"149","author":"MC Shammas","year":"2010","unstructured":"Shammas MC, Lai EC, Sarkar JS, Yang J, Starr CE, Sippel KC . Management of acute Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis utilizing amniotic membrane and topical corticosteroids. Am J Ophthalmol 2010; 149: 203\u2013213.","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"BFeye2015278_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1097\/00003226-200211000-00013","volume":"21","author":"M Vanathi","year":"2002","unstructured":"Vanathi M, Sharma N, Titiyal JS, Tandon R, Vajpayee RB . Tectonic grafts for corneal thinning and perforations. Cornea 2002; 21: 792\u2013797.","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"BFeye2015278_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.87.5.538","volume":"87","author":"RB Vajpayee","year":"2003","unstructured":"Vajpayee RB, Vanathi M, Tandon R, Sharma N, Titiyal JS . Keratoplasty for keratomalacia in preschool children. Br J Ophthalmol 2003; 87: 538\u2013542.","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"BFeye2015278_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/0039-6257(89)90129-X","volume":"34","author":"SL Portnoy","year":"1989","unstructured":"Portnoy SL, Insler MS, Kaufman HE . Surgical management of corneal ulceration and perforation. Surv Ophthalmol 1989; 34: 47\u201358.","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"key":"BFeye2015278_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1097\/00003226-200005000-00011","volume":"19","author":"M Lekskul","year":"2000","unstructured":"Lekskul M, Fracht HU, Cohen EJ, Rapuano CJ, Laibson PR . Nontraumatic corneal perforation. Cornea 2000; 19: 313\u2013319.","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"BFeye2015278_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2005.079533","volume":"90","author":"JS Titiyal","year":"2006","unstructured":"Titiyal JS, Negi S, Anand A, Tandon R, Sharma N, Vajpayee RB . Risk factors for perforation in microbial corneal ulcers in north India. Br J Ophthalmol 2006; 90: 686\u2013689.","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"BFeye2015278_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e3181cbfa13","volume":"29","author":"S Moorthy","year":"2010","unstructured":"Moorthy S, Jhanji V, Constantinou M, Beltz J, Graue-Hernandez EO, Vajpayee RB . Clinical experience with N-butyl cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive in corneal perforations secondary to herpetic keratitis. Cornea 2010; 29: 971\u2013975.","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"BFeye2015278_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1990.01070090041035","volume":"108","author":"JR Nobe","year":"1990","unstructured":"Nobe JR, Moura BT, Robin JB, Smith RE . Results of penetrating keratoplasty for the treatment of corneal perforations. Arch Ophthalmol 1990; 108: 939\u2013941.","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"BFeye2015278_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2011.06.003","volume":"56","author":"V Jhanji","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jhanji V, Young AL, Mehta JS, Sharma N, Agarwal T, Vajpayee RB . Management of corneal perforation. Surv Ophthalmol 2011; 56: 522\u2013538.","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"key":"BFeye2015278_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2008.12.011","volume":"54","author":"M Vanathi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Vanathi M, Panda A, Vengayil S, Chaudhuri Z, Dada T . Pediatric keratoplasty. Surv Ophthalmol 2009; 54: 245\u2013271.","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"2","key":"BFeye2015278_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(93)31674-X","volume":"100","author":"AB Leahey","year":"1993","unstructured":"Leahey AB, Gottsch JD, Stark WJ . Clinical experiences with nbutyl cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive. Ophthalmology 1993; 100 (2): 173\u2013180.","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"BFeye2015278_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.121.8.1189","volume":"121","author":"A Khodadoust","year":"2003","unstructured":"Khodadoust A, Quinter P . Microsurgical approach to conjunctival flap. Arch Ophthalmol 2003; 121: 1189\u20131193.","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"BFeye2015278_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(01)01032-6","volume":"109","author":"A Soloman","year":"2002","unstructured":"Soloman A, Meller D, Prabhasawat P, John T, Espana EM, Steuhl KP et al. Amniotic membrane grafts for nontraumatic corneal perforations, descemetoceles and deep ulcers. Ophthalmology 2002; 109: 694\u2013703.","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"BFeye2015278_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2010.08.007","volume":"151","author":"CA Utine","year":"2011","unstructured":"Utine CA, Tzu JH, Akpek EK . Lamellar keratoplasty using gamma-irradiated corneal lenticules. Am J Ophthalmol 2011; 151: 170\u2013174.","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"9","key":"BFeye2015278_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.eye.6702428","volume":"21","author":"PR Bhatt","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bhatt PR, Lim LT, Ramaesh K . Therapeutic deep lamellar keratoplasty for corneal perforations. Eye (Lond) 2007; 21 (9): 1168\u20131173.","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"BFeye2015278_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(80)90168-3","volume":"89","author":"JA Fogle","year":"1980","unstructured":"Fogle JA, Kenyon KR, Foster CS . Tissue adhesive arrests stromal melting in the human cornea. Am J Ophthalmol 1980; 89: 795\u2013802.","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"BFeye2015278_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1455","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.85.12.1455","volume":"85","author":"P Prabhasawat","year":"2001","unstructured":"Prabhasawat P, Tesavibul N, Komolsuradej W . Single and multilayer amniotic membrane transplantation for persistent corneal epithelial defect with and without stromal thinning and perforation. Br J Ophthalmol 2001; 85: 1455\u20131463.","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"BFeye2015278_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e15","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-3768.2009.01522.x","volume":"88","author":"G Savino","year":"2010","unstructured":"Savino G, Colucci D, Giannico MI, Salgarello T . Amniotic membrane transplantation associated with a corneal patch in a pediatric corneal perforation. Acta Ophthalmol 2010; 88: e15\u2013e16.","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol"},{"key":"BFeye2015278_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1967.00980020521015","volume":"77","author":"CH Dohlman","year":"1967","unstructured":"Dohlman CH, Boruchoff SA, Sullivan GL . A technique for the repair of perforated corneal ulcers. Arch Ophthalmol 1967; 77: 519\u2013525.","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"BFeye2015278_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.125.5.603","volume":"125","author":"CH Hsiao","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hsiao CH, Yeung L, Ma DH, Chen YF, Lin HC, Tan HY et al. Pediatric microbial keratitis in Taiwanese children. a review of hospital cases. Arch Ophthalmol 2007; 125: 603\u2013609.","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"BFeye2015278_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(02)02172-4","volume":"135","author":"S Shimmura","year":"2003","unstructured":"Shimmura S, Shimazaki J, Tsubota K . Therapeutic deep lamellar keratoplasty for cornea perforation. Am J Ophthalmol 2003; 135: 896\u2013897.","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"BFeye2015278_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e318191b857","volume":"28","author":"W Shi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Shi W, Liu M, Gao H, Li S, Wang T, Xie L . Penetrating keratoplasty with small-diameter and glycerin-cryopreserved grafts for eccentric corneal perforation. Cornea 2009; 28: 631\u2013637.","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"BFeye2015278_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1299420","volume":"229","author":"L M\u00fcller","year":"2012","unstructured":"M\u00fcller L, Thiel MA, Kipfer-Kauer AI, Kaufmann C . Corneal cross-linking as supplementary treatment option in melting keratitis: a case series. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2012; 229: 411\u2013415.","journal-title":"Klin Monbl Augenheilkd"},{"key":"BFeye2015278_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.3928\/1542-8877-20010701-08","volume":"32","author":"T Lifshitz","year":"2001","unstructured":"Lifshitz T, Oshry T . Tectonic epikeratoplasty: a surgical procedure for corneal melting. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 2001; 32: 305\u2013307.","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Surg Lasers"},{"key":"BFeye2015278_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1097\/01.icl.0000174755.50802.15","volume":"32","author":"J Bendoriene","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bendoriene J, Vogt U . Therapeutic use of silicone hydrogel contact lenses in children. Eye Contact Lens 2006; 32: 104\u2013108.","journal-title":"Eye Contact Lens"},{"key":"BFeye2015278_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e31803d1617","volume":"26","author":"Z Habot-Wilner","year":"2007","unstructured":"Habot-Wilner Z, Spierer A, Barequet IS, Greenbaum A . Use of amniotic membrane graft and corneal transplantation in a patient with bilateral keratomalacia induced by uncontrolled phenylketonuria. Cornea 2007; 26: 629\u2013631.","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"BFeye2015278_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1012","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.123.7.1012-b","volume":"123","author":"S Wamsley","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wamsley S, Patel S, Wood MG, Villalobos R, Albert DM, Mootha VV et al. Advanced keratomalcia with descemetocele in an infant with cystic fibrosis. Arch Ophthalmol 2005; 123: 1012\u20131016.","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"BFeye2015278_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.eye.6703051","volume":"23","author":"M Kawashima","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kawashima M, Kawakita T, Den S, Tomita M, Shimazaki J . Surgical management of corneal perforation secondary to gonococcal keratoconjunctivitis. Eye (Lond) 2009; 23: 339\u2013344.","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"BFeye2015278_CR39","first-page":"469","volume":"38","author":"JS Wong","year":"1997","unstructured":"Wong JS, Balakrishnan V, Tan KL . Spontaneous corneal perforation in premature infants. Singapore Med J 1997; 38: 469\u2013470.","journal-title":"Singapore Med J"},{"key":"BFeye2015278_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.3928\/1081-597X-19950301-08","volume":"11","author":"BM Zagelbaum","year":"1995","unstructured":"Zagelbaum BM, Stroh EM, Perry HD, Donnenfeld ED, Cossari AJ . Corneal perforation in a premature infant. J Refract Surg 1995; 11: 96\u201398.","journal-title":"J Refract Surg"},{"key":"BFeye2015278_CR41","first-page":"1427","volume":"117","author":"RM Nuyts","year":"1999","unstructured":"Nuyts RM, Kooijman-DeGroot MJ, Prins M, Pels E . Use of a polyurethane patch for temporary closure of a sterile corneal perforation. Arch Ophthalmol 1999; 117: 1427\u20131429.","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"4","key":"BFeye2015278_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.3928\/01913913-20060701-06","volume":"43","author":"T Yoshita","year":"2006","unstructured":"Yoshita T, Kobayashi A, Sugiyama K . Bilateral corneal perforation in an infant with congenital alacrima. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2006; 43 (4): 236\u2013238.","journal-title":"J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus"},{"key":"BFeye2015278_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.57.9.638","volume":"57","author":"G Singh","year":"1973","unstructured":"Singh G, Malik SR . Therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty in keratomalcia. Br J Ophthalmol 1973; 57: 638\u2013640.","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"}],"container-title":["Eye"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/eye2015278.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/eye2015278","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/eye2015278.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,18]],"date-time":"2023-05-18T17:26:33Z","timestamp":1684430793000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/eye2015278"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,29]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,4]]}},"alternative-id":["BFeye2015278"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/eye.2015.278","relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-222X","1476-5454"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0950-222X","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-5454","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 April 2015","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 November 2015","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 January 2016","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflict of interest.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}