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In the present study, we examined the human leukocyte antigen <jats:italic>HLA-DQB1<\/jats:italic> in 160 Japanese patients with NA w\/o CA and 1,418 control subjects. Frequencies of <jats:italic>DQB1*06:02<\/jats:italic> were significantly higher in patients with NA w\/o CA compared with controls (allele frequency: 16.6 vs. 7.8%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=1.1\u00d710<jats:sup>\u22127<\/jats:sup>, odds ratio (OR)=2.36; carrier frequency: 31.3 vs. 14.7%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=7.6\u00d710<jats:sup>\u22128<\/jats:sup>, OR=2.64). Distributions of <jats:italic>HLA-DQB1<\/jats:italic> alleles other than <jats:italic>DQB1*06:02<\/jats:italic> were compared between NA w\/o CA and narcolepsy with cataplexy (NA-CA) to assess whether the genetic backgrounds of the two diseases have similarities. The distribution of the <jats:italic>HLA-DQB1<\/jats:italic> alleles in <jats:italic>DQB1*06:02<\/jats:italic>-negative NA w\/o CA was significantly different from that in NA-CA (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=5.8\u00d710<jats:sup>\u22127<\/jats:sup>). On the other hand, the patterns of the <jats:italic>HLA-DQB1<\/jats:italic> alleles were similar between <jats:italic>DQB1*06:02<\/jats:italic>-positive NA w\/o CA and NA-CA. <jats:italic>HLA-DQB1<\/jats:italic> analysis was also performed in 186 Japanese patients with idiopathic hypersomnia (IHS) with\/without long sleep time, but no significant associations were observed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/hgv.2015.31","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,17]],"date-time":"2015-09-17T08:06:34Z","timestamp":1442477194000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["An association analysis of HLA-DQB1 with narcolepsy without cataplexy and idiopathic hypersomnia with\/without long sleep time in a Japanese 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