{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T02:27:40Z","timestamp":1776911260882,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,4]],"date-time":"2011-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1312416000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Hypertens Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/hr.2011.133","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,4]],"date-time":"2011-08-04T13:28:39Z","timestamp":1312464519000},"page":"1239-1245","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Dietary methyl-consuming compounds and metabolic syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Shi-Sheng","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi-Ming","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Da","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yong-Zhi","family":"Lun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2009.02.026","volume":"84","author":"CK Roberts","year":"2009","unstructured":"Roberts CK, Sindhu KK . Oxidative stress and metabolic syndrome. Life Sci 2009; 84: 705\u2013712.","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1899","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.54.7.1899","volume":"54","author":"C Gallou-Kabani","year":"2005","unstructured":"Gallou-Kabani C, Junien C . Nutritional epigenomics of metabolic syndrome: new perspective against the epidemic. Diabetes 2005; 54: 1899\u20131906.","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1723","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.288.14.1723","volume":"288","author":"KM Flegal","year":"2002","unstructured":"Flegal KM, Carroll MD, Ogden CL, Johnson CL . Prevalence and trends in obesity among US adults, 1999-2000. JAMA 2002; 288: 1723\u20131727.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR4","unstructured":"The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Center for Health Statistics Prevalence of Obesity Among Children and Adolescents: United States, Trends 1963\u20131965 Through 2007\u20132008 http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/data\/hestat\/obesity_child_07_08\/obesity_child_07_08.htm . Last accessed on 19 April 2011."},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR5","unstructured":"The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Center for Health Statistics Crude and Age-Adjusted Percentage of Civilian, Noninstitutionalized Population with Diagnosed Diabetes, United States, 1980-2008 http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/diabetes\/statistics\/prev\/national\/figage.htm . Last accessed on 19 April 2011."},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2008.10.018","volume":"667","author":"MG Andreassi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Andreassi MG . Metabolic syndrome, diabetes and atherosclerosis: influence of gene-environment interaction. Mutat Res 2009; 667: 35\u201343.","journal-title":"Mutat Res"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/138.5.914","volume":"138","author":"SV Konstantinova","year":"2008","unstructured":"Konstantinova SV, Tell GS, Vollset SE, Nyg\u00e5rd O, Bleie \u00d8, Ueland PM . Divergent associations of plasma choline and betaine with components of metabolic syndrome in middle age and elderly men and women. J Nutr 2008; 138: 914\u2013920.","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0496-386","volume":"2","author":"KS McCully","year":"1996","unstructured":"McCully KS . Homocysteine and vascular disease. Nat Med 1996; 2: 386\u2013389.","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/07315724.2010.10719810","volume":"29","author":"LJ Dominguez","year":"2010","unstructured":"Dominguez LJ, Galioto A, Pineo A, Ferlisi A, Ciaccio M, Putignano E, Belvedere M, Costanza G, Barbagallo M . Age, homocysteine, and oxidative stress: relation to hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Am Coll Nutr 2010; 29: 1\u20136.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Nutr"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.1061","volume":"26","author":"R Gonz\u00e1lez","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez R, Pedro T, Real JT, Mart\u00ednez-Herv\u00e1s S, Abell\u00e1n MR, Lorente R, Priego A, Catal\u00e1 M, Chaves FJ, Ascaso JF, Carmena R . Plasma homocysteine levels are associated with ulceration of the foot in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2010; 26: 115\u2013120.","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Res Rev"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1089\/154041903322294434","volume":"1","author":"A Becker","year":"2003","unstructured":"Becker A, Smulders YM, van Guldener C, Stehouwer CD . Epidemiology of homocysteine as a risk factor in diabetes. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2003; 1: 105\u2013120.","journal-title":"Metab Syndr Relat Disord"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1097\/MAJ.0b013e3181ab1c96","volume":"338","author":"MJ Hsieh","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hsieh MJ, Chen CC, Lee TH, Lee CH, Wen MS, Lin FC, Hsieh IC, Wu D . Metabolic syndrome and homocysteine level as predictors of the severity of coronary artery disease in patients with carotid stenosis. Am J Med Sci 2009; 338: 447\u2013452.","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-010-1967-6","volume":"54","author":"BT Yang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Yang BT, Dayeh TA, Kirkpatrick CL, Taneera J, Kumar R, Groop L, Wollheim CB, Nitert MD, Ling C . Insulin promoter DNA methylation correlates negatively with insulin gene expression and positively with HbA(1c) levels in human pancreatic islets. Diabetologia 2011; 54: 360\u2013367.","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1992","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23927","volume":"52","author":"S Sookoian","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sookoian S, Rosselli MS, Gemma C, Burgue\u00f1o AL, Fern\u00e1ndez Gianotti T, Casta\u00f1o GO, Pirola CJ . Epigenetic regulation of insulin resistance in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: impact of liver methylation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor \u00e3 coactivator 1\u00e1 promoter. Hepatology 2010; 52: 1992\u20132000.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymgme.2010.02.004","volume":"100","author":"C Gemma","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gemma C, Sookoian S, Dieuzeide G, Garc\u00eda SI, Gianotti TF, Gonz\u00e1lez CD, Pirola CJ . Methylation of TFAM gene promoter in peripheral white blood cells is associated with insulin resistance in adolescents. Mol Genet Metab 2010; 100: 83\u201387.","journal-title":"Mol Genet Metab"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR16","first-page":"63","volume-title":"Homocysteine in Health and Disease","author":"S Clarke","year":"2001","unstructured":"Clarke S, Banfield K . S-Adenosylmethionine-dependent methyltransferases. In Carmel R, Jacobsen DW (eds), Homocysteine in Health and Disease. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 2001, pp 63\u201378."},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.3.539","volume":"80","author":"SA Craig","year":"2004","unstructured":"Craig SA . Betaine in human nutrition. Am J Clin Nutr 2004; 80: 539\u2013549.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1515\/CCLM.2005.187","volume":"43","author":"PM Ueland","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ueland PM, Holm PI, Hustad S . Betaine: a key modulator of one-carbon metabolism and homocysteine status. Clin Chem Lab Med 2005; 43: 1069\u20131075.","journal-title":"Clin Chem Lab Med"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1344","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.7.14.7901104","volume":"7","author":"RH Allen","year":"1993","unstructured":"Allen RH, Stabler SP, Savage DG, Lindenbaum J . Metabolic abnormalities in cobalamin (vitamin B12) and folate deficiency. FASEB J 1993; 7: 1344\u20131353.","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR20","first-page":"214","volume-title":"Present Knowledge in Nutrition","author":"LB Bailey","year":"2001","unstructured":"Bailey LB, Moyers S, Gregory III JF . Folate. In Bowman BA, Russell RM (eds) Present Knowledge in Nutrition, 8th edn. International Life Sciences Institute Press: Washington, DC, 2001, pp 214\u2013229."},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR21","first-page":"142","volume":"56","author":"AM Engbersen","year":"1995","unstructured":"Engbersen AM, Franken DG, Boers GH, Stevens EM, Trijbels FJ, Blom HJ . Thermolabile 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase as a cause of mild hyperhomocysteinemia. Am J Hum Genet 1995; 56: 142\u2013150.","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1921","DOI":"10.2337\/db09-0087","volume":"58","author":"Y Song","year":"2009","unstructured":"Song Y, Cook NR, Albert CM, Van Denburgh M, Manson JE . Effect of homocysteine-lowering treatment with folic Acid and B vitamins on risk of type 2 diabetes in women: a randomized, controlled trial. Diabetes 2009; 58: 1921\u20131928.","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2010.138","volume":"7","author":"M Ebbing","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ebbing M, Ueland PM . Prevention: B vitamins and CVD--failure to find a simple solution. Nat Rev Cardiol 2010; 7: 608\u2013609.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2010.03.064","volume":"106","author":"ER Miller 3rd","year":"2010","unstructured":"Miller 3rd ER, Juraschek S, Pastor-Barriuso R, Bazzano LA, Appel LJ, Guallar E . Meta-analysis of folic acid supplementation trials on risk of cardiovascular disease and risk interaction with baseline homocysteine levels. Am J Cardiol 2010; 106: 517\u2013527.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1567","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa060900","volume":"354","author":"E Lonn","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lonn E, Yusuf S, Arnold MJ, Sheridan P, Pogue J, Micks M, McQueen MJ, Probstfield J, Fodor G, Held C, Genest Jr J . Homocysteine lowering with folic acid and B vitamins in vascular disease. N Engl J Med 2006; 354: 1567\u20131577.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2000-8471","volume":"26","author":"J Schneede","year":"2000","unstructured":"Schneede J, Refsum H, Ueland PM . Biological and environmental determinants of plasma homocysteine. Semin Thromb Hemost 2000; 26: 263\u2013279.","journal-title":"Semin Thromb Hemost"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-017-1789-2_3","volume-title":"Homocysteine and Vascular Disease","author":"DW Jacobsen","year":"2000","unstructured":"Jacobsen DW . Biochemistry and metabolism. In Robinson K (ed) Homocysteine and Vascular Disease. Kluwer: Dordrecht, 2000, pp 15\u201335."},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1002\/biof.71","volume":"36","author":"KT Williams","year":"2010","unstructured":"Williams KT, Schalinske KL . Homocysteine metabolism and its relation to health and disease. Biofactors 2010; 36: 19\u201324.","journal-title":"Biofactors"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2005-872398","volume":"5","author":"J Dierkes","year":"2005","unstructured":"Dierkes J, Westphal S . Effect of drugs on homocysteine concentrations. Semin Vasc Med 2005; 5: 124\u2013139.","journal-title":"Semin Vasc Med"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1054\/mehy.1999.1011","volume":"55","author":"MF McCarty","year":"2000","unstructured":"McCarty MF . Co-administration of equimolar doses of betaine may alleviate the hepatotoxic risk associated with niacin therapy. Med Hypotheses 2000; 55: 189\u2013194.","journal-title":"Med Hypotheses"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.60.1.59","volume":"60","author":"JD Rogers","year":"2003","unstructured":"Rogers JD, Sanchez-Saffon A, Frol AB, Diaz-Arrastia R . Elevated plasma homocysteine levels in patients treated with levodopa: association with vascular disease. Arch Neurol 2003; 60: 59\u201364.","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0800164","volume":"117","author":"MN Hall","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hall MN, Liu X, Slavkovich V, Ilievski V, Pilsner JR, Alam S, Factor-Litvak P, Graziano JH, Gamble MV . Folate, cobalamin, cysteine, homocysteine, and arsenic metabolism among children in Bangladesh. Environ Health Perspect 2009; 117: 825\u2013831.","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.102.8.852","volume":"102","author":"LJ Appel","year":"2000","unstructured":"Appel LJ, Miller 3rd ER, Jee SH, Stolzenberg-Solomon R, Lin PH, Erlinger T, Nadeau MR, Selhub J . Effect of dietary patterns on serum homocysteine: results of a randomized, controlled feeding study. Circulation 2000; 102: 852\u2013857.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-10-746","volume":"10","author":"SS Zhou","year":"2010","unstructured":"Zhou SS, Li D, Zhou YM, Sun WP, Liu QG . B-vitamin consumption and the prevalence of diabetes and obesity among the US adults: population based ecological study. BMC Public Health 2010; 10: 746.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2378","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v16.i19.2378","volume":"16","author":"D Li","year":"2010","unstructured":"Li D, Sun WP, Zhou YM, Liu QG, Zhou SS, Luo N, Bian FN, Zhao ZG, Guo M . Chronic niacin overload may be involved in the increased prevalence of obesity in US children. World J Gastroenterol 2010; 16: 2378\u20132387.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03346476","volume":"32","author":"I Nabipour","year":"2009","unstructured":"Nabipour I, Ebrahimi A, Jafari SM, Vahdat K, Assadi M, Movahed A, Moradhaseli F, Obeidi N, Sanjdideh Z . The metabolic syndrome is not associated with homocysteinemia: the Persian Gulf Healthy Heart Study. J Endocrinol Invest 2009; 32: 406\u2013410.","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1089\/met.2008.0037","volume":"7","author":"N Budak","year":"2009","unstructured":"Budak N, Yazici C, Ozt\u00fcrk A, Bayram F, Mazicio\u2202lu MM, Kurtoglu S . Is plasma homocysteine level associated with metabolic syndrome components in adolescents? Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2009; 7: 357\u2013362.","journal-title":"Metab Syndr Relat Disord"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1024\/0300-9831.74.2.129","volume":"74","author":"A Strassburg","year":"2004","unstructured":"Strassburg A, Krems C, L\u00fchrmann PM, Hartmann B, Neuh\u00e4user-Berthold M . Effect of age on plasma homocysteine concentrations in young and elderly subjects considering serum vitamin concentrations and different lifestyle factors. Int J Vitam Nutr Res 2004; 74: 129\u2013136.","journal-title":"Int J Vitam Nutr Res"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.1053\/meta.2002.35587","volume":"51","author":"RW Powers","year":"2002","unstructured":"Powers RW, Majors AK, Lykins DL, Sims CJ, Lain KY, Roberts JM . Plasma homocysteine and malondialdehyde are correlated in an age- and gender-specific manner. Metabolism 2002; 51: 1433\u20131438.","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1660","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djp437","volume":"101","author":"MF Hughes","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hughes MF . Arsenic methylation, oxidative stress and cancer--is there a link? J Natl Cancer Inst 2009; 101: 1660\u20131661.","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-010-0554-4","volume":"84","author":"IL Druwe","year":"2010","unstructured":"Druwe IL, Vaillancourt RR . Influence of arsenate and arsenite on signal transduction pathways: an update. Arch Toxicol 2010; 84: 585\u2013596.","journal-title":"Arch Toxicol"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrgentox.2008.09.020","volume":"674","author":"A De Vizcaya-Ruiz","year":"2009","unstructured":"De Vizcaya-Ruiz A, Barbier O, Ruiz-Ramos R, Cebrian ME . Biomarkers of oxidative stress and damage in human populations exposed to arsenic. Mutat Res 2009; 674: 85\u201392.","journal-title":"Mutat Res"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2006.12.032","volume":"222","author":"CJ Chen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Chen CJ, Wang SL, Chiou JM, Tseng CH, Chiou HY, Hsueh YM, Chen SY, Wu MM, Lai MS . Arsenic and diabetes and hypertension in human populations: a review. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2007; 222: 298\u2013304.","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000243586.99701.cf","volume":"99","author":"A Bhatnagar","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bhatnagar A . Environmental cardiology: studying mechanistic links between pollution and heart disease. Circ Res 2006; 99: 692\u2013705.","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1002114","volume":"119","author":"X Ren","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ren X, McHale CM, Skibola CF, Smith AH, Smith MT, Zhang L . An emerging role for epigenetic dysregulation in arsenic toxicity and carcinogenesis. Environ Health Perspect 2011; 119: 11\u201319.","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR46","unstructured":"Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline. National Academy Press: Washington, DC, 1998, pp 123\u2013149."},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1177\/0091270007300264","volume":"47","author":"RM Menon","year":"2007","unstructured":"Menon RM, Gonz\u00e1lez MA, Adams MH, Tolbert DS, Leu JH, Cefali EA . Effect of the rate of niacin administration on the plasma and urine pharmacokinetics of niacin and its metabolites. J Clin Pharmacol 2007; 47: 681\u2013688.","journal-title":"J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1337","DOI":"10.1007\/s001250051536","volume":"43","author":"M Knip","year":"2000","unstructured":"Knip M, Douek IF, Moore WP, Gillmor HA, McLean AE, Bingley PJ, Gale EA . Safety of high-dose nicotinamide: a review. Diabetologia 2000; 43: 1337\u20131345.","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3303","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-0913","volume":"91","author":"AM Chang","year":"2006","unstructured":"Chang AM, Smith MJ, Galecki AT, Bloem CJ, Halter JB . Impaired beta-cell function in human aging: response to nicotinic acid-induced insulin resistance. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006; 91: 3303\u20133309.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1631","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.45.11.1631","volume":"45","author":"CJ Greenbaum","year":"1996","unstructured":"Greenbaum CJ, Kahn SE, Palmer JP . Nicotinamide's effects on glucose metabolism in subjects at risk for IDDM. Diabetes 1996; 45: 1631\u20131634.","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.38.5.562","volume":"38","author":"SE Kahn","year":"1989","unstructured":"Kahn SE, Beard JC, Schwartz MW, Ward WK, Ding HL, Bergman RN, Taborsky Jr GJ, Porte Jr D . Increased beta-cell secretory capacity as mechanism for islet adaptation to nicotinic acid-induced insulin resistance. Diabetes 1989; 38: 562\u2013568.","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3B","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2008.02.026","volume":"101","author":"H Bays","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bays H . Safety of niacin and simvastatin combination therapy. Am J Cardiol 2008; 101: 3B\u20138B.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1038\/ncpendmet0199","volume":"2","author":"HN Ginsberg","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ginsberg HN . Niacin in the metabolic syndrome: more risk than benefit? Nat Clin Pract Endocrinol Metab 2006; 2: 300\u2013301.","journal-title":"Nat Clin Pract Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-199903000-00026","volume":"23","author":"T Kristensen","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kristensen T, Olcott EW . Effects of niacin therapy that simulate neoplasia: hepatic steatosis with concurrent hepatic dysfunction. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1999; 23: 314\u2013317.","journal-title":"J Comput Assist Tomogr"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/85.1.107","volume":"85","author":"LL Rikans","year":"1965","unstructured":"Rikans LL, Arata D, Cederquist DC . Fatty livers produced in albino rats by excess niacin in high fat diets. II. Effect of choline supplements. J Nutr 1965; 85: 107\u2013112.","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02532440","volume":"10","author":"S Mookerjea","year":"1975","unstructured":"Mookerjea S, Park CE, Kuksis A . Lipid profiles of plasma lipoproteins of fasted and fed normal and choline-deficient rats. Lipids 1975; 10: 374\u2013382.","journal-title":"Lipids"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR57","first-page":"261","volume-title":"Present Knowledge in Nutrition","author":"TA Garrow","year":"2001","unstructured":"Garrow TA . Choline and carnitine. In Bowman BA, Russel RM (eds) Present Knowledge in Nutrition, 8th edn International Life Sciences Institute Press, Washington, DC, 2001, pp 261\u2013272."},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI108790","volume":"60","author":"CM Mansbach II","year":"1977","unstructured":"Mansbach II CM . The origin of chylomicron phosphatidylcholine in the rat. J Clin Invest 1977; 60: 411\u2013420.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.2174\/138161209787185823","volume":"15","author":"JB Kirkland","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kirkland JB . Niacin status, NAD distribution and ADP-ribose metabolism. Curr Pharm Des 2009; 15: 3\u201311.","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Des"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5674","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.15.5674","volume":"15","author":"SS Zhou","year":"2009","unstructured":"Zhou SS, Li D, Sun WP, Guo M, Lun YZ, Zhou YM, Xiao FC, Jing LX, Sun SX, Zhang LB, Luo N, Bian FN, Zou W, Dong LB, Zhao ZG, Li SF, Gong XJ, Yu ZG, Sun CB, Zheng CL, Jiang DJ, Li ZN . Nicotinamide overload may play a role in the development of type 2 diabetes. World J Gastroenterol 2009; 15: 5674\u20135684.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4165(84)90074-6","volume":"801","author":"J Hoshino","year":"1984","unstructured":"Hoshino J, Schl\u00fcter U, Kr\u00f6ger H . Nicotinamide methylation and its relation to NAD synthesis in rat liver tissue culture. Biochemical basis for the physiological activities of 1-methylnicotinamide. Biochim Biophys Acta 1984; 801: 250\u2013258.","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1271\/bbb.60.1204","volume":"60","author":"K Shibata","year":"1996","unstructured":"Shibata K, Shimada H, Taguchi H . Fate of nicotinamide differs due to an intake of nicotinamide. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 1996; 60: 1204\u20131206.","journal-title":"Biosci Biotechnol Biochem"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/113.2.215","volume":"113","author":"YA Kang-Lee","year":"1983","unstructured":"Kang-Lee YA, McKee RW, Wright SM, Swendseid ME, Jenden DJ, Jope RS . Metabolic effects of nicotinamide administration in rats. J Nutr 1983; 113: 215\u2013221.","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.716159","volume":"117","author":"PL Lutsey","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lutsey PL, Steffen LM, Stevens J . Dietary intake and the development of the metabolic syndrome: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Circulation 2008; 117: 754\u2013761.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2235","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.164.20.2235","volume":"164","author":"TT Fung","year":"2004","unstructured":"Fung TT, Schulze M, Manson JE, Willett WC, Hu FB . Dietary patterns, meat intake, and the risk of type 2 diabetes in women. Arch Intern Med 2004; 164: 2235\u20132240.","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00042.2006","volume":"89","author":"R Kvetnansky","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kvetnansky R, Sabban EL, Palkovits M . Catecholaminergic systems in stress: structural and molecular genetic approaches. Physiol Rev 2009; 89: 535\u2013606.","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.5.1.86","volume":"5","author":"DS Goldstein","year":"1983","unstructured":"Goldstein DS . Plasma catecholamines and essential hypertension. An analytical review. Hypertension 1983; 5: 86\u201399.","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-200018060-00002","volume":"18","author":"NS Dhalla","year":"2000","unstructured":"Dhalla NS, Temsah RM, Netticadan T . Role of oxidative stress in cardiovascular diseases. J Hypertens 2000; 18: 655\u2013673.","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"BFhr2011133_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S15","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.793","volume":"21","author":"GS Behonick","year":"2001","unstructured":"Behonick GS, Novak MJ, Nealley EW, Baskin SI . Toxicology update: the cardiotoxicity of the oxidative stress metabolites of catecholamines (aminochromes). J Appl Toxicol 2001; 21 (Suppl 1): S15\u2013S22.","journal-title":"J Appl Toxicol"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.59.2.1","volume":"59","author":"SA Marchitti","year":"2007","unstructured":"Marchitti SA, Deitrich RA, Vasiliou V . Neurotoxicity and metabolism of the catecholamine-derived 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycolaldehyde: the role of aldehyde dehydrogenase. Pharmacol Rev 2007; 59: 125\u2013150.","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rev"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1253\/jcj.49.1035","volume":"49","author":"M Mizukoshi","year":"1985","unstructured":"Mizukoshi M, Hano T, Kuchii M, Nishio I, Masuyama Y . Plasma noradrenaline and its deaminated metabolites in essential hypertension and pheochromocytoma. Jpn Circ J 1985; 49: 1035\u20131042.","journal-title":"Jpn Circ J"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.17.4.546","volume":"17","author":"J Ludwig","year":"1991","unstructured":"Ludwig J, Gerlich M, Halbr\u00fcgge T, Graefe KH . Plasma norepinephrine and dihydroxyphenylglycol in essential hypertension. Hypertension 1991; 17: 546\u2013552.","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.19.1.62","volume":"19","author":"C Ferrier","year":"1992","unstructured":"Ferrier C, Esler MD, Eisenhofer G, Wallin BG, Horne M, Cox HS, Lambert G, Jennings GL . Increased norepinephrine spillover into the jugular veins in essential hypertension. Hypertension 1992; 19: 62\u201369.","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1016\/S0308-8146(96)00318-4","volume":"59","author":"L Vahteristo","year":"1997","unstructured":"Vahteristo L, Lehikoinen K, Ollilainen V, Varo P . Application of an HPLC assay for the determination of folate derivatives in some vegetables, fruits, and berries consumed in Finland. Food Chem 1997; 59: 589\u2013597.","journal-title":"Food Chem"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2363","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/127.12.2363","volume":"127","author":"MA Caudill","year":"1997","unstructured":"Caudill MA, Cruz AC, Gregory 3rd JF, Hutson AD, Bailey LB . Folate status response to controlled folate intake in pregnant women. J Nutr 1997; 127: 2363\u20132370.","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1629","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114509993552","volume":"103","author":"TJ Green","year":"2010","unstructured":"Green TJ, Skeaff CM, McMahon JA, Venn BJ, Williams SM, Devlin AM, Innis SM . Homocysteine-lowering vitamins do not lower plasma S-adenosylhomocysteine in older people with elevated homocysteine concentrations. Br J Nutr 2010; 103: 1629\u20131634.","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1302","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/133.5.1302","volume":"133","author":"SH Zeisel","year":"2003","unstructured":"Zeisel SH, Mar MH, Howe JC, Holden JM . Concentrations of choline-containing compounds and betaine in common foods. J Nutr 2003; 133: 1302\u20131307.","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-008-2193-6","volume":"43","author":"S Watanabe","year":"2008","unstructured":"Watanabe S, Yaginuma R, Ikejima K, Miyazaki A . Liver diseases and metabolic syndrome. J Gastroenterol 2008; 43: 509\u2013518.","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3999(01)00302-6","volume":"52","author":"PH Black","year":"2002","unstructured":"Black PH, Garbutt LD . Stress, inflammation and cardiovascular disease. J Psychosom Res 2002; 52: 1\u201323.","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.108.024794","volume":"37","author":"CK Svensson","year":"2009","unstructured":"Svensson CK . Biotransformation of drugs in human skin. Drug Metab Dispos 2009; 37: 247\u2013253.","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1007\/BFb0037089","volume":"79","author":"K Sato","year":"1977","unstructured":"Sato K . The physiology, pharmacology, and biochemistry of the eccrine sweat gland. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol 1977; 79: 51\u2013131.","journal-title":"Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1992.03490010065031","volume":"268","author":"JE Manson","year":"1992","unstructured":"Manson JE, Nathan DM, Krolewski AS, Stampfer MJ, Willett WC, Hennekens CH . A prospective study of exercise and incidence of diabetes among US male physicians. JAMA 1992; 268: 63\u201367.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2009.11.020","volume":"59","author":"ES Ford","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ford ES, Li C, Zhao G, Pearson WS, Tsai J, Churilla JR . Sedentary behavior, physical activity, and concentrations of insulin among US adults. Metabolism 2010; 59: 1268\u20131275.","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03346312","volume":"30","author":"P Borrione","year":"2007","unstructured":"Borrione P, Pigozzi F, Massazza G, Schonhuber H, Viberti G, Paccotti P, Angeli A . Hyperhomocysteinemia in winter elite athletes: a longitudinal study. J Endocrinol Invest 2007; 30: 367\u2013375.","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwh227","volume":"160","author":"TA Reichert","year":"2004","unstructured":"Reichert TA, Simonsen L, Sharma A, Pardo SA, Fedson DS, Miller MA . Influenza and the winter increase in mortality in the United States, 1959-1999. Am J Epidemiol 2004; 160: 492\u2013502.","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"BFhr2011133_CR86","first-page":"16","volume":"54","author":"WR Keatinge","year":"1995","unstructured":"Keatinge WR, Donaldson GC . Cardiovascular mortality in winter. Arctic Med Res 1995; 54 (Suppl 2): 16\u201318.","journal-title":"Arctic Med Res"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1656","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-1947","volume":"94","author":"GG Gauglitz","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gauglitz GG, Herndon DN, Kulp GA, Meyer 3rd WJ, Jeschke MG . Abnormal insulin sensitivity persists up to three years in pediatric patients post-burn. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009; 94: 1656\u20131664.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"BFhr2011133_CR88","first-page":"297","volume":"18","author":"P Gisondi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gisondi P, Ferrazzi A, Girolomoni G . Metabolic comorbidities and psoriasis. Acta Dermatovenerol Croat 2010; 18: 297\u2013304.","journal-title":"Acta Dermatovenerol Croat"}],"container-title":["Hypertension Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/hr2011133.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/hr2011133","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/hr2011133.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,9]],"date-time":"2024-04-09T15:31:28Z","timestamp":1712676688000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/hr2011133"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,4]]},"references-count":88,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]}},"alternative-id":["BFhr2011133"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/hr.2011.133","relation":{},"ISSN":["0916-9636","1348-4214"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0916-9636","type":"print"},{"value":"1348-4214","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,4]]}}}