{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,30]],"date-time":"2023-09-30T05:26:01Z","timestamp":1696051561070},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,22]],"date-time":"2017-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1513900800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9274,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Immunology &amp; Cell Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM) obtained from leprosy patients and healthy controls were cultured with <jats:italic>Mycobacterium leprae<\/jats:italic> and the control antigens, BCG and SKSD. Parallel cultures were supplemented with additional interleukin\u20102 (IL\u20102). On the basis of the level of response to <jats:italic>M. leprae<\/jats:italic>, leprosy patients could be divided into low, intermediate and high responders. The addition of IL\u20102 resulted in enhanced proliferation to antigen only by cells from intermediate responders. This effect was neither antigen specific nor was it confined to cells from leprosy patients. When limiting dilution analyses were performed on cells from 26 patients across the leprosy spectrum, no <jats:italic>M. leprae<\/jats:italic>\u2010reactive lymphocytes were detected in cells from subjects with lepromatous disease. The precursor frequency for cultures containing <jats:italic>M. leprae<\/jats:italic> plus IL\u20102 was no greater than that of cultures containing IL\u20102 alone, thereby excluding the possibility of clonal anergy reversible with IL\u20102. This was observed in both untreated patients and those on long\u2010term treatment, which made sequestration of antigen\u2010reactive cells within leprosy lesions an unlikely explanation. On the other hand, <jats:italic>M. leprae<\/jats:italic>\u2010reactive lymphocytes were detected in patients with tuberculoid and borderline tuberculoid disease and in two subjects with borderline lepromatous leprosy in type I reversal reaction. IL\u20102 reactive cells were detected in all patients regardless of clinical classification. Three 'suppressor\u2019curves were obtained but were not confined to cells from lepromatous patients. Taken together, these findings suggest that the non\u2010responsiveness to <jats:italic>M. leprae<\/jats:italic> characteristic of the great majority of multibacillary patients is due to an absence of antigen\u2010sensitive T cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/icb.1992.35","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,4]],"date-time":"2007-07-04T13:58:26Z","timestamp":1183557506000},"page":"277-290","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Limiting dilution analysis in leprosy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"RAYMOND J.","family":"MULLINS","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"PAUL","family":"ROCHE","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"ELIZABETH","family":"ADAMS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"PHILLIP","family":"JONES","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"SHARON","family":"CHEN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"WIM","family":"THEUVENET","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"ANTONY","family":"BASTEN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","first-page":"821","article-title":"Characterization of the cellular immune defect in lepromatous leprosy: a specific lack of circulating Mycobacterium leprae\u2010reactive lymphocytes","volume":"9","author":"Godal T.","year":"1971","journal-title":"Clin. 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