{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]],"date-time":"2025-06-27T13:45:36Z","timestamp":1751031936591},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,22]],"date-time":"2017-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1513900800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7995,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Immunology &amp; Cell Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>The pathogenesis of AIDS in simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)\u2010infected rhesus macaques models the pathogenesis of human AIDS. We investigated whether certain immunological abnormalities associated with HIV infection and implicated in disease progression also occur in SIV infection. We observed striking parallels between the rhesus macaque humoral immune response to SIV and unusual features of the human humoral immune response to HIV infection. Anti\u2010SIV envelope antibodies from SIV\u2010infected macaques exhibited skewed K\/\u03bb L chain usage relative to the ratio of K\/\u03bb L chain usage detected on total plasma Ig. In addition, the same idiotope conserved on human anti\u2010HIV <jats:italic>gag, pol<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>env<\/jats:italic> antibodies was detected with a similar distribution pattern on macaque anti\u2010SIV <jats:italic>env, gag<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>pol<\/jats:italic> antibodies. Skewed Ig L chain representation and selection of a highly conserved possible dominant regulatory idiotope on antibodies against key neutralizing antigens raise the possibility that the progressive failure of the humoral immune response to SIV and HIV involves skewed oligoclonal humoral immunity. We also found that SIV\u2010infected macaques, like HIV\u2010infected humans, have elevated levels of CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> lymphocyte\u2010mediated cytotoxicity. Cytotoxicity against human B cells was higher in CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> effector lymphocytes from SIV\u2010infected macaques than in those from uninfected macaques (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;0.05). Cell\u2010mediated cytotoxicity against human NK cell targets was not elevated in effector lymphocytes from the SIV\u2010infected macaques, suggesting that CTL activity was selectively elevated. Two out of seven SIV\u2010infected macaques tested had CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> cytotoxic lymphocytes that selectively killed activated uninfected CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> macaque lymphocytes. Oligoclonal B cell responses and persistently elevated CD<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> lymphocyte\u2010mediated cytotoxicity are consistent features of primate retroviral infections leading to AIDS. Understanding immune predispositions to these features triggered by HIV and SIV may advance new prophylactic and therapeutic strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/icb.1996.5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,16]],"date-time":"2007-06-16T14:03:04Z","timestamp":1182002584000},"page":"38-44","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Similar abnormalities of idiotype and immunoglobulin light chain expression and of cell\u2010mediated cytotoxicity in HIV\u2010infected humans and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)\u2010infected rhesus macaques"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"MD","family":"GRANT","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"MD","family":"WHALEY","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A","family":"MAYNE","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"GW","family":"HOFFMANN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"AA","family":"ANSARI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5699(90)90127-U"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.62.8.2557-2568.1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3277274"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.67.7.4104-4113.1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.iy.08.040190.003013"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2237","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.140.7.2237","article-title":"Suppression of simian immunodeficiency virus replication in vitro by CD8+ lymphocytes","volume":"140","author":"Kannagi M","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. 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