{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T11:03:53Z","timestamp":1773227033004,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,10]],"date-time":"2009-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1234224000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Australian National Health and Medical Research Council","award":["351113"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["351113"]}]},{"name":"National Health and Medical Research Council Postgraduate Training Scholarship","award":["497260"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["497260"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Immunol Cell Biol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic> infections have been implicated in problems such as pelvic inflammatory disease and infertility in females. Although there are some studies examining the kinetics of ascending infection, there is limited information on the kinetics of pathology development and cellular infiltrate into the reproductive tissues in relation to the effects of inoculating dose, and a better understanding of these is needed. The murine model of female genital tract <jats:italic>Chlamydia muridarum<\/jats:italic> infection is frequently used as a model of human <jats:italic>C. trachomatis<\/jats:italic> reproductive tract infection. To investigate the kinetics of ascending genital infection and associated pathology development, female BALB\/c mice were intravaginally infected with <jats:italic>C. muridarum<\/jats:italic> at doses ranging from 5 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> to 2.6 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup> inclusion forming units. We found that the inoculating dose affects the course of infection and the ascension of bacteria, with the highest dose ascending rapidly to the oviducts. By comparison, the lowest dose resulted in the greatest bacterial load in the lower reproductive tract. Interestingly, we found that the dose did not significantly affect inflammatory cell infiltrate in the various regions. Overall, this data show the effects of infectious dose on the kinetics of ascending chlamydial infection and associated inflammatory infiltration in BALB\/c mice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/icb.2009.3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,10]],"date-time":"2009-02-10T10:55:42Z","timestamp":1234263342000},"page":"337-343","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Effects of inoculating dose on the kinetics of <i>Chlamydia muridarum<\/i> genital infection in female mice"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"Alison J","family":"Carey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Sciences and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kelly A","family":"Cunningham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Sciences and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Louise M","family":"Hafner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Sciences and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Timms","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Sciences and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenneth W","family":"Beagley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Sciences and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_1","volume-title":"Global Prevalence and Incidence of Selected Curable Sexually Transmitted Infections: Overview and Estimates","author":"WHO","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/17460913.3.1.67"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0303-4569.2003.00594.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(03)00396-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0378(00)00069-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/2.6.519"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1551"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.65.6.1993-1999.1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2567.1997.00378.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.71.11.6148-6154.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-842X(02)00011-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/9781555818203.ch6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-5822.2007.00996.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.72.11.6330-6340.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.12.7186-7189.2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.8.5203-5206.2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.65.8.3065-3073.1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.7.4207-4216.2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.olq.0000148299.14513.11"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.64.11.4830-4833.1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.72.2.1019-1028.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.3.1519-1528.2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","first-page":"92","volume-title":"6th Meeting of the European Society for Chlamydia Research","author":"Ramsey KH","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.66.8.3535-3544.1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.62.5.2094-2097.1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2006.02.113"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.6.3556-3561.2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.175.9.6065"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.31.3.1161-1176.1981"}],"container-title":["Immunology &amp; 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