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In this study we analyzed the efficiency and the mechanisms by which M\u03d5 derived from spleen (Sp\u2010M\u03d5) or bone marrow (BM\u2010M\u03d5) present Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) antigens to epitope\u2010specific T cells. We demonstrate that because of phagosomal maturation, Sp\u2010M\u03d5 downregulate their ability to cross\u2010present cell\u2010associated, but not soluble, antigens, as they are further differentiated in culture without altering their capacity to directly present virus antigens after infection. We propose that Sp\u2010M\u03d5 are extremely efficient at direct and cross\u2010presentation. However, if these cells undergo further M\u2010CSF\u2010dependent maturation, they will adapt to be more scavenger and phagocytic and concurrently reduce their cross\u2010presenting capacity. Accordingly, Sp\u2010M\u03d5 can have an important role in regulating T\u2010cell responses through cross\u2010presentation depending on their differentiation state.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/icb.2009.90","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,24]],"date-time":"2009-11-24T11:23:59Z","timestamp":1259061839000},"page":"3-12","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Cross, but not direct, presentation of cell\u2010associated virus antigens by spleen macrophages is influenced by their differentiation state"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Attiya","family":"Alatery","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Queen's University  Kingston Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Siddiqui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Queen's University  Kingston Ontario 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